Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in semisupine position: a modified approach for renal calculus.

Conventional percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is usually performed in a prone position, which compresses the thorax and results in difficulty in rescue during operation. When PCNL is performed in a supine position, the flank renal puncture area is limited, so it is difficult to treat disseminated and complex renal calculi. Herein, we introduce a modified semisupine position for performing PCNL, which has numerous benefits as well as safe and effective.

[Inhibition and significance of pigment epithelium-derived factor in the development and metastasis of prostate cancer].

Objective: To study the inhibition and significance of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) in the development and metastasis of prostate cancer.

Methods: The expression of PEDF was examined in the normal prostate tissue, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer tissue and prostate cancer cell lines, PC-3 and Lncap by immunohistochemical SP method and Western blot. In combination with clinical data, statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the relation of the expression level of PEDF in prostate cancer and the relationship between different histological grades of prostate cancer.

[Compare of laparoscopic and open surgery for radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder].

Objective: To compare the clinical therapeutic effect and complications of laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder (LRC-INB) with open radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder (ORC-INB).

Methods: A total of 171 patients were evaluated, including 63 cases with ORC-INB and 108 cases with LRC-INB from June 1994 to May 2007 at our institution. The parameters analyzed included perioperative data, postoperative complications, new bladder function and effect of tumor control.

[Laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder: report of 108 cases].

Objective: To analyze the effects, complication, and outcome of laparoscopic radical cystectomy.

Methods: 108 patients with bladder cancer, 96 males and 12 females, aged 61 (36 - 81) underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder. Five-port transperitoneal approach was applied.

Laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder in the female: report of 14 cases.

Background: Bladder carcinoma is the most common malignant urological tumor in China. We present our preliminary experience and results of laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) with orthotopic ileal neobladder in female patients with bladder carcinoma.

Methods: From February 2003 to February 2008, 14 female patients with bladder carcinoma underwent LRC with orthotopic ileal neobladder.

[Screening and characterization of human phage Fab antibody gene to prostate specific membrane antigen].

Objective: To screen and characterize the variable region gene about prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) of the Chinese Fab fragment, and to establish a new approach to researches on PSMA and prostate gene therapy.

Methods: We used purified PSMA protein as antigen, stuck it on the ELISA plate and scanned the phage Fab fragment antibody library by phage display technology. After five cycles of "absorbing-elution-amplification", we got the Fab fragment phage antibody of PSMA with high antigen binding ability and specificity, and tested it with immunodetection and sequencing.

[Needle laparoscopic varicocelectomy].

Objective: We evaluated our method and effects of needle laparoscopic varicocelectomy for the treatment of varicocele.

Methods: 72 patients (105 lateral) diagnosed varicocele were performed laparoscopic varicocelectomy under epidural combined intravenous anesthesia from Feb, 2003 to Apr, 2005. Two 2 mm incisions and one 5 mm incision were made on the midline of lower abdomen, by which two 2 mm trocars and one 5 mm trocar were introduced.

Laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder: report of 33 cases.

Background: The laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) with orthotopic ileal neobladder is now applied to treat invasive bladder cancer, however, it has not been well codified and illustrated. We describe in this paper a technique step by step that we have developed in 33 patients and achieved excellent results.

Methods: The surgical procedure can be divided into eight steps: laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy and mobilization of the distal ureters; exposing Denonvillier's space and the posterior aspect of prostate; exposing retropubic space and anterior surface of the bladder; dividing the lateral pedicles of the bladder and the prostate; dividing the apex of the prostate; extracorporeal formation of the ileal pouch; extracorporeal implantation of the ureters; and laparoscopic urethra-neobladder anastomosis.

[Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression in superficial transitional cell bladder carcinoma].

Background & Objective: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can promote the proliferation of endothelial cell and angiogenesis. They are important materials in growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumor. There were few reports of their difference in single and multiple superficial transitional cell bladder carcinoma.