Confining Co-Based Nanocatalysts by Ultrathin Nanotubes for Efficient Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass Derivatives.

Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) based on non-noble-metal catalysts has emerged as an environmentally friendly way for the utilization of biomass resources. However, the development of efficient and stable non-noble-metal catalysts is crucially challenging due to their inherent inactivity. Herein, a metal-organic framework (MOF)-transformed CoAl nanotube catalyst (CoAl NT) with unique confinement effect was developed via a "MOF transformation and reduction" strategy, which exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the CTH reaction of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) with isopropanol (2-PrOH) as the H donor.

Hybrid MOF Template-Directed Construction of Hollow-Structured In O @ZrO Heterostructure for Enhancing Hydrogenation of CO to Methanol.

Direct hydrogenation of CO  to methanol using green hydrogen has emerged as a promising method for carbon neutrality, but qualifying catalysts represent a grand challenge. In O /ZrO  catalyst has been extensively applied in methanol synthesis due to its superior activity; however, the electronic effect by strong oxides-support interactions between In O  and ZrO  at the In O /ZrO  interface is poorly understood. In this work, abundant In O /ZrO  heterointerfaces are engineered in a hollow-structured In O @ZrO  heterostructure through a facile pyrolysis of a hybrid metal-organic framework precursor MIL-68@UiO-66.

[The extraction and analysis of a- and b- wave from electroretinogram in human].

Objective: To determine the frequency range of a-b wave complex in the dark- and light-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) and to isolate the pure a- and b- waves.

Methods: Case series study. Full-field ERGs were recorded in 16 eyes of 8 normal volunteers from October to November 2011.