Interplay of swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus and the host intrinsic and innate immunity.

Swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), a novel HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin, is a newly emerged swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes severe diarrhoea in piglets. SADS-CoV has a broad cell tropism with the capability to infect a wide variety of cells from human and diverse animals, which implicates its ability to hold high risks of cross-species transmission. The intracellular antiviral immunity, comprised of the intrinsic and innate immunity, represents the first line of host defence against viral infection prior to the onset of adaptive immunity.

Hypoxic BMSC-derived exosomal miR-210-3p promotes progression of triple-negative breast cancer cells via NFIX-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a crucial component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), with hypoxic conditions promoting their migration to tumors. Exosomes play a vital role in cell-to-cell communication within the TME. Hypoxic TME have a great impact on the release, uptake and biofunctions of exosomes.

Association of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP) with the Risk of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Diabetes.

Background: Both renal function decline and systemic inflammation may synergistically increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). This study investigates the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels with the risk of new-onset AF in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We included diabetic patients without AF who participated in physical exams in the Kailuan Study from 2006 to 2010.

Efficacy of Auricular Therapy for Motor Impairment After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: A high number of stroke patients cannot recover fully from motor impairment despite early rehabilitation. Auricular therapies, usually given by acupuncture doctors or nurses, have been widely used among these post-stroke patients. Potential benefits of auricular therapies were shown in recent clinical trials.

Oxygen Effect on 0-30 eV Electron Damage to DNA Under Different Hydration Levels: Base and Clustered Lesions, Strand Breaks and Crosslinks.

Studies on radiosensitization of biological damage by O began about a century ago and it remains one of the most significant subjects in radiobiology. It has been related to increased production of oxygen radicals and other reactive metabolites, but only recently to the action of the numerous low-energy electrons (LEEs: 0-30 eV) produced by ionizing radiation. We provide the first complete set of G-values (yields of specific products per energy deposited) for all conformational damages induced to plasmid DNA by LEEs (G (O)) and 1.

Melatonin improves endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation via MT2/PI3K/LIF signaling pathway in sows.

Background: Increased backfat thickness of sows in early gestation is negative to reproductive performance. Endometrial receptivity is an important determinant of reproductive success, but it is unclear whether the effect of sow backfat thickness on litter size is associated with endometrial receptivity and whether melatonin treatment may have benefits. The present study seeks to answer these questions through in vitro and in vivo investigations.

Patellofemoral mechanics after uniplane open wedge high tibial osteotomy is superior to those after biplane open wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Background: It is known that open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) may lead to progression of patellofemoral degeneration due to descent of the patellar height. However, the difference in patellofemoral joint (PFJ) loads with normal daily activity between uniplane and biplane osteotomies is unclear. The purpose of this study was to reveal the differences in PFJ biomechanics between uniplane and biplane OWHTO using finite element analysis (FEA).

Disseminated Mycobacterium abscessus infection with idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia is a rare immune dysfunction disease that is usually found after opportunistic infections. Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that can cause pulmonary infections, lymphadenitis, skin and soft tissue infections, disseminated infections, among others, as a conditional pathogenic bacterium.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 43-year-old Chinese woman who developed disseminated Mycobacterium abscessus infection due to idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia.

Does the FNA sperm retrieval failure prediction model work well for current NOA individuals undertaking risk screening before the operation? Model validation, high-risk population identification and potential alternative sperm retrieval exploration.

Background: Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), the severe type of male infertility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive accuracy of a prediction model of sperm retrieval failure with fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods: This study involved 769 NOA patients (dataset 1) undertaking FNA and 140 NOA patients undertaking mTESE (dataset 2).

Acupuncture at Weizhong (BL40) attenuates acetic acid-induced overactive bladder in rats by regulating brain neural activity through the modulation of mast cells and tibial nerves.

Objective: The present study evaluated the effects of deep acupuncture at Weizhong acupoint (BL40) on bladder function and brain activity in a rat model of overactive bladder (OAB), and investigated the possible mechanisms around the acupuncture area that initiate the effects of acupuncture.

Methods: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, comprising a control group, model group, group treated with deep acupuncture at BL40, group treated with shallow acupuncture at BL40, group treated with acupuncture at non-acupoint next to BL40, and group treated with acupuncture at Xuanzhong (GB39). Urodynamic evaluation was used to observe the urination, and functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to observe the brain activation.

OTUD5 Protects Dopaminergic Neurons by Promoting the Degradation of α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease Model.

Defective clearance and accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is the key pathogenic factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies emphasize the importance of E3 ligases in regulating the degradation of α-Syn. However, the molecular mechanisms by which deubiquitinases regulate α-Syn degradation are scarcely studied.

Non-invasive neuromodulation treatment for depression in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Synthesized evidence regarding the effectiveness of non-invasive neuromodulation treatment for adolescents remains scarce. This study aimed to perform the first meta-analysis of the impact of neuromodulation treatment on depressive symptoms in adolescents.

Methods: According to the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive review covering databases in English and Chinese from their inception to November 30, 2023, was conducted.

Doublecortin regulates the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in glioma via Rho-A/Net-1/p38-MAPK signaling.

Doublecortin (DCX) is a microtubule-associated protein known to be a key regulator of neuronal migration and differentiation during brain development. However, the role of DCX, particularly in regulating the survival and growth of glioma cells, remains unclear. In this study, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knock down DCX in the human glioma cell line (U251).

Lipopolysaccharide in Bile Promotes the Neutrophil Extracellular Traps-Induced Gallstone Formation by Activating the Gallbladder Immune Barrier.

Background: Cholelithiasis areis a common digestive system disorder, with cholesterol gallstones being the most prevalent type. Gallstones lead to many severe complications, posing a significant burden on global healthcare systems. Many studies have shown associations between biliary microbiota, gallbladder immune microenvironment, and gallstone formation.

Association between physical activity-related metabolic signature and cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A cohort study from UK biobank.

Objective: Physical activity has protective effects on cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), but the role of metabolism related to physical activity in this process is unclear.

Methods: In the prospective cohort study from UK Biobank between 2006 and 2022, participants free of CMDs at baseline were included (n = 73,990). We identified physical activity-related metabolites and constructed metabolic signature using linear regression and elastic net regression.

Structural Dynamics of Rho GTPases.

Rho family GTPases are a part of the Ras superfamily and are signaling hubs for many cellular processes. While the detailed understanding of Ras structure and function has led to tremendous progress in oncogenic Ras-targeted drug discovery, studies of the related Rho GTPases are still catching up as the recurrent cancer-related Rho GTPase mutations have only been discovered in the last decade. Like that of Ras, an in-depth understanding of the structural basis of how Rho GTPases and their mutants behave as key oncogenic drivers benefits the development of clinically effective therapies.

Genome of root celery and population genomic analysis reveal the complex breeding history of celery.

Celery (Apium graveolens L.) is an important vegetable crop in the Apiaceae family. It comprises three botanical varieties: common celery with solid and succulent petioles, celeriac or root celery with enlarged and fleshy hypocotyls and smallage or leaf celery with slender, leafy and usually hollow petioles.

A Novel Deer Antler-Inspired Bone Graft Triggers Rapid Bone Regeneration.

Adult mammals are unable to regenerate bulky bone tissues, making large bone defects clinically challenging. Deer antler represents an exception to this rule, exhibiting the fastest bony growth in mammals, offering a unique opportunity to explore novel strategies for rapid bone regeneration. Here, a bone graft exploiting the biochemical, biophysical, and structural characteristics of antlers is constructed.

Advances in theories and models of cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction: A narrative review.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with its high mortality and recurrence rates significantly impacting patients' quality of life and prognosis. Cardiac rehabilitation, as a comprehensive intervention strategy, plays a crucial role in improving outcomes for AMI patients. The aims to comprehensively analyze and evaluate the theoretical foundations and practical models of cardiac rehabilitation following AMI, providing healthcare professionals with up-to-date research advances and practical guidance.

Polyamines Protect Porcine Sperm from Lipopolysaccharide-induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis via Casein Kinase 2 Activation.

Bacterial contamination is an inevitable issue during the processing of semen preservation in pigs. As a prototypical endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria in semen, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) undermines sperm function during liquid preservation. Spermine and spermidine could protect cells against LPS-induced injury, and the content of spermine and spermidine in seminal plasma is positively correlated with sperm quality.

Advancements in the application of semi-solidified feeding in enteral nutrition for critically-ill patients: a comprehensive review.

Enteral nutrition represents the primary modality of nutritional support for critically ill patients. However, challenges such as gastroesophageal reflux, diarrhea, and abdominal distension often manifest during its administration. Enteral nutrition semi-solidified feeding has emerged as a promising alternative, demonstrating notable efficacy.

Trends in adolescent and adult vaccination in pharmacy and medical settings in the United States, 2018-2024: a database study.

Background: Pharmacies can increase access to vaccines. This study aimed to describe trends in the proportion of adolescent and adult vaccinations administered in pharmacies in the United States from 2018 to 2024.

Research Design And Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of medical and pharmacy claims from commercial health insurance enrollees.

The responses of root exudates and microbiome in the rhizosphere of main plant and aromatic intercrops to soil Cr stress.

Soil chromium (Cr) stress has a well-recognized negative impact on plant growth, and intercropping is a commonly used method to mitigate heavy metal toxicity to main plants. However, the responses of root exudates-microbial and their interactions among soil zones to soil Cr stress are always in need of clarification in intercropping system. In this study, three intercropping patterns (CT, Malus only; TM, Malus × Mentha and TA, Malus × Ageratum) with different soil Cr addition levels (NCR, LCR, HCR) were applied, and the rhizosphere ecological traits in the main plant (FRS) and intercrop (ARS) were investigated.

Dynamic changes in chemical components, volatile profile and antioxidant properties of Xanthoceras sorbifolium leaf tea during manufacturing process.

In order to elucidate the dynamic changes of quality characteristics in Xanthoceras sorbifolium leaf tea (XLT), this work investigated the chemical components, volatile profile, and antioxidant properties at key stages of fixation, shaping, and drying. The process of fixation and drying emerged as critical stages that affected the chemical components and taste of XLT. Total polyphenols, reducing sugars and chlorophyll were the differential compounds, which decreased by 29.

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial on the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Modified-Release Methylphenidate (MPH-MR) in Chinese Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Background And Objectives: The efficacy and safety of modified-release methylphenidate (MPH-MR) in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been shown in both pediatric and adult Caucasian patients. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of MPH-MR in Chinese children and adolescents with ADHD.

Methods: MICCA was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 19 sites in China from September 2018 to July 2021.