Emotional Stop Cues Facilitate Inhibitory Control in Schizophrenia.

Objective: Inhibitory control is a key deficit in patients with schizophrenia. This study aims to test whether emotions can facilitate inhibition in patients with schizophrenia when they increase attention to inhibitory process.

Method: A total of 36 patients with schizophrenia and 36 healthy controls completed an emotional stop-signal task.

Risk factors associated with pre-eclampsia in pregnancies conceived by ART.

Research Question: What are the factors associated with the increased incidence of pre-eclampsia in pregnancies conceived through IVF using autologous oocytes?

Design: A nested case-control study from the combined cohort of three multicentre randomized trials comparing fresh to frozen embryo transfer, including women who achieved clinical pregnancy after the first embryo transfer. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the effect of baseline characteristics, ovarian response parameters, type of fertilization, type of embryo transfer, and number of gestational sacs on the risk of pre-eclampsia.

Results: There were 2965 clinical pregnancies and 90 women were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia.

High-power, high-beam-quality spectral beam combination of six narrow-linewidth fiber amplifiers with two transmission diffraction gratings.

We demonstrate 10 kW spectral beam combination of six narrow-linewidth fiber amplifiers by two transmission gratings with a combining efficiency about 90%. The wavelengths of incident beams range from 1056 to 1088 nm. Each fiber amplifier delivers 2 kW output power laser with 0.

Noninvasive prediction of HCC with progenitor phenotype based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI.

Objectives: To explore the noninvasive prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with progenitor phenotype based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: This retrospective study included 115 surgery-proven HCCs with preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI from August 2015 to September 2018. Image features were reviewed.

Characterization of Immune Cells from Adipose Tissue.

Adipose tissue (AT) serves a crucial role in maintaining organismal metabolic homeostasis. Studies have demonstrated that AT is populated with a diverse array of immune cells that coordinate and regulate AT function. This adipo-immune system is highly dynamic, reflecting the physiologic state of the organism (e.

The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα modulates Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune disease.

T helper 17 (Th17) cells produce interleukin-17 (IL-17) cytokines and drive inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The differentiation of Th17 cells is dependent on the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor RORγt. Here, we identify REV-ERBα (encoded by ), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family, as a transcriptional repressor that antagonizes RORγt function in Th17 cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma: radiomics nomogram on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging for early postoperative recurrence prediction.

Background: This study was performed to prospectively develop and validate a radiomics nomogram for predicting postoperative early recurrence (≤1 year) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using whole-lesion radiomics features on preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images.

Methods: In total, 155 patients (training cohort: n = 108; validation cohort: n = 47) with surgically confirmed HCC were enrolled in this IRB-approved prospective study. Three-dimensional whole-lesion regions of interest were manually delineated along the tumour margins on multi-sequence MR images.

Phenotypes of aortic valve disease according to detailed anatomical classification of patients who underwent aortic valve replacement surgery.

Background: The anatomy of the aortic valves plays an important role in the progression of aortic valve disease (AVD) and determination of the appropriate treatment strategy. We described and compared AVD phenotypes according to detailed anatomical classifications and assessed the accuracy of imaging diagnostics using surgical diagnosis as the gold standard.

Methods And Results: The study enrolled 602 patients (mean age 55.

C53: A novel particulate guanylyl cyclase B receptor activator that has sustained activity in vivo with anti-fibrotic actions in human cardiac and renal fibroblasts.

The native particulate guanylyl cyclase B receptor (pGC-B) activator, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), induces anti-remodeling actions in the heart and kidney through the generation of the second messenger 3', 5' cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Indeed fibrotic remodeling, particularly in cardiorenal disease states, contributes to disease progression and thus, has been a key target for drug discovery and development. Although the pGC-B/cGMP system has been perceived as a promising anti-fibrotic pathway, its therapeutic potential is limited due to the rapid degradation and catabolism of CNP by neprilysin (NEP) and natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPRC).

CRRL269.

Rationale: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has a high prevalence and mortality in critically ill patients. It is also a powerful risk factor for heart failure incidence driven by hemodynamic changes and neurohormonal activation. However, no drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

Design, Synthesis, and Actions of an Innovative Bispecific Designer Peptide.

Despite optimal current therapies, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause for death worldwide. Importantly, advances in peptide engineering have accelerated the development of innovative therapeutics for diverse human disease states. Additionally, the advancement of bispecific therapeutics targeting >1 signaling pathway represents a highly innovative strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

Theta-gamma coupling in the prelimbic area is associated with heroin addiction.

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is implicated in the regulation of drug-seeking behavior, but the specific contributions of the mPFC prelimbic (PL) subdivision and the precise mechanisms underlying heroin abuse remain largely unclear. In the present study, we examined changes in the rhythmic ensemble activity of PL neurons after induction of heroin addiction in rats. Rats were injected daily with saline (control group) or heroin (addiction group) in the light chamber of a light-dark shuttle box, and a video tracking system was used to measure conditioned place preference (CPP) as a sign of addiction.

Altered transposition asymmetry in serial ordering in early Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The ability to arrange thoughts and actions in an appropriate serial order is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it is unclear how serial order is represented and manipulated and how the representation or manipulation is altered in the early stages of PD. We aimed to analyze the pattern of performance errors in serial ordering versus serial recall in nondemented PD patients with mild clinical symptoms and healthy adults to identify the underlying principles of serial ordering.

Generative modeling of multi-mapping reads with mHi-C advances analysis of Hi-C studies.

Current Hi-C analysis approaches are unable to account for reads that align to multiple locations, and hence underestimate biological signal from repetitive regions of genomes. We developed and validated , a ulti-read mapping strategy to probabilistically allocate Hi-C multi-reads. mHi-C exhibited superior performance over utilizing only uni-reads and heuristic approaches aimed at rescuing multi-reads on benchmarks.

Thymic regulatory T cells arise via two distinct developmental programs.

The developmental programs that generate a broad repertoire of regulatory T cells (T cells) able to respond to both self antigens and non-self antigens remain unclear. Here we found that mature T cells were generated through two distinct developmental programs involving CD25 T cell progenitors (CD25 TP cells) and Foxp3 T cell progenitors (Foxp3 TP cells). CD25 TP cells showed higher rates of apoptosis and interacted with thymic self antigens with higher affinity than did Foxp3 TP cells, and had a T cell antigen receptor repertoire and transcriptome distinct from that of Foxp3 TP cells.

Single-nucleotide human disease mutation inactivates a blood-regenerative GATA2 enhancer.

The development and function of stem and progenitor cells that produce blood cells are vital in physiology. GATA-binding protein 2 (GATA2) mutations cause GATA-2 deficiency syndrome involving immunodeficiency, myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute myeloid leukemia. GATA-2 physiological activities necessitate that it be strictly regulated, and cell type-specific enhancers fulfill this role.

Age-Related Loss of Innate Immune Antimicrobial Function of Dermal Fat Is Mediated by Transforming Growth Factor Beta.

Dermal fibroblasts (dFBs) resist infection by locally differentiating into adipocytes and producing cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide in response to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Here, we show that neonatal skin was enriched with adipogenic dFBs and immature dermal fat that highly expressed cathelicidin.

Losartan Alleviates Renal Fibrosis and Inhibits Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Under High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperglycemia.

The endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of glomerular vascular endothelial cells is considered to be pivotal in diabetic nephropathy (DN). The risk of DN can be decreased by losartan, but the potential molecular mechanism(s) are not fully understood. Extensive data show that the EMT occurs in proximal tubular endothelial cells resulting in an endothelial phenotype switch (fibrotic matrix accumulation), consequently enhancing the development of renal interstitial fibrosis.

Abnormal expression of miR‑133a in patients with acute myocardial infarction following radical surgery for gastric cancer and the underlying mechanism.

The present study aimed to investigate the expression of microRNA (miR)‑133a in patients with or without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) following radical surgery for gastric cancer, and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Blood samples were collected from patients with or without AMI in order to detect the expression levels of miR‑133a and endothelial injury markers. In addition, an AMI rat model was established.

INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION 1 is a male fertility regulator impacting anther dehydration in Arabidopsis.

INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION 1 (ICE1) encodes a MYC-like basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor playing a critical role in plant responses to chilling and freezing stresses and leaf stomata development. However, no information connecting ICE1 and reproductive development has been reported. In this study, we show that ICE1 controls plant male fertility via impacting anther dehydration.

Effect of biodiesel on PAH, OPAH, and NPAH emissions from a direct injection diesel engine.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), oxy- and nitro-derivate PAH (OPAH and NPAH) emissions from a direct injection diesel engine fueled with conventional fossil diesel (D), waste cooking oil biodiesel (B100), and their two blends (B20 and B50) were compared. The results show that B100 can reduce low molecular weight PAHs such as naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and fluorene as much as 90% compared with diesel. However, the emissions of high molecular weight PAHs including benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene decrease slightly when using B100.

Forward and backward recall of serial actions: Exploring the temporal dynamics of working memory for instruction.

The ability to flexibly retrieve and implement sequences of actions is essential to motor learning and planning. Recent research has indicated that serial memory for instructions is influenced by presentation modality (spoken vs. visual demonstration) and recall modality (verbal vs.

Evaluating the Prognosis of Ischemic Stroke Using Low-Dose Multimodal Computed Tomography Parameters in Hyperacute Phase.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential value of low-dose multimodal computed tomography (CT) in predicting prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) within 6 hours.

Methods: The admission "one-stop-shop" multimodal CT examination, including noncontrast CT (NCCT), low-dose CT perfusion, and CT angiography (CTA), was performed in patients with symptoms of stroke within 6 hours. Noncontrast CT, CTA source image (CTA-SI), cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT) maps were studied using Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS).