DNAHX: a novel, non-motile dynein heavy chain subfamily, identified by cryo-EM endogenously.

Ciliogenesis and cilia motility rely on the coordinated actions of diverse dyneins, yet the complexity of these motor proteins in cilia has posed challenges for understanding their specific roles. Traditional evolutionary analyses often overlook key family members due to technical limitations. Here, we present a cryo-EM-based, bottom-up approach for large-scale, protein identification and functional prediction of endogenous axonemal dynein complexes.

Utilising bioinformatics and systems biology methods to uncover the impact of dermatomyositis on interstitial lung disease.

Objectives: Dermatomyositis (DM) is frequently associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. This study aimed to employ bioinformatics approaches to identify potential molecular mechanisms linking DM and ILD.

Methods: GSE46239 and GSE47162 were analysed to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Development of a prognostic model for early-stage gastric cancer-related DNA methylation-driven genes and analysis of immune landscape.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to develop a prognostic model based on DNA methylation-driven genes for patients with early-stage gastric cancer and to examine immune infiltration and function across varying risk levels.

Methods: We analyzed data from stage I/II gastric cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas which included clinical details, mRNA expression profiles, and level 3 DNA methylation array data. Using the empirical Bayes method of the limma package, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the MethylMix package facilitated the identification of DNA methylation-driven genes (DMGs).

PKH Dyes Should Be Avoided in the EVs Biodistribution Study of the Brain: A Call for Caution.

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized membrane vesicles that are naturally secreted by almost all cells and have gained considerable attention. Many studies have applied EVs to the treatment of brain diseases and validated their effectiveness. Although only a few EVs can penetrate the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) into the brain after administration, it has been proven that EVs and their cargos exert their effects by interacting with brain cells.

Graph Curvature Flow-Based Masked Attention.

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have revolutionized drug discovery in chemistry and biology, enhancing efficiency and reducing resource demands. However, classical GNNs often struggle to capture long-range dependencies due to challenges like oversmoothing and oversquashing. Graph Transformers address these issues by employing global self-attention mechanisms that allow direct information exchange between any pair of nodes, enabling the modeling of long-range interactions.

Mechanism-Guided Rational Design of Anode Coatings for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) hold promises as a safer, more cost-effective, and environmental-friendly alternative to lithium-ion batteries, especially for stationary energy storage. Recent advancements in protective anode coatings, which fine-tune zinc ion solvation structure, have yielded significant improvements in the aqueous ZIB performance, addressing dendrite formation and side reactions, thereby prolonging cycle lifetime. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of these coatings as ions sieves is crucial for further optimization and achieving long-term stability, which is a key requirement for practical applications.

Pathogenic gene connections in type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a bioinformatics analysis and mouse model investigations experiments.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are prevalent metabolic disorders with overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of the shared molecular pathways involved in these conditions can advance the development of effective therapeutic interventions.

Methods: We used two datasets sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between T2D and NAFLD.

Hemodialysis bilayer bionic blood vessels developed by the mechanical stimulation of hepatitis B viral X() gene- transfected hepatic stellate cells.

Artificial vascular graft (AVG) fistula is widely used for hemodialysis treatment in patients with renal failure. However, it has poor elasticity and compliance, leading to stenosis and thrombosis. The ideal artificial blood vessel for dialysis should replicate the structure and components of a real artery, which is primarily maintained by collagen in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of arterial cells.

High-resolution in situ structures of mammalian respiratory supercomplexes.

Mitochondria play a pivotal part in ATP energy production through oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs within the inner membrane through a series of respiratory complexes. Despite extensive in vitro structural studies, determining the atomic details of their molecular mechanisms in physiological states remains a major challenge, primarily because of loss of the native environment during purification. Here we directly image porcine mitochondria using an in situ cryo-electron microscopy approach.

Intertwisted superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic collagen fibers enabled anti-fouling high-performance separation of emulsion wastewater.

Oil-contaminated wastewater has been one of the most concerned environmental issues. Superwetting materials-enabled remediation of oil contamination in wastewater faces the critical challenge of fouling problems due to the formation of intercepted phase. Herein, high-performance separation of emulsions wastewater was accomplished by developing collagen fibers (CFs)-derived water-oil dual-channels that were comprised of intertwisted superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic CFs.

High-resolution Structures of Mammalian Mitochondrial Respiratory Supercomplexes in Reaction within Native Mitochondria.

Mitochondria play a pivotal role in ATP energy production through oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs within the inner membrane via a series of respiratory complexes. Despite extensive structural studies, revealing the atomic details of their molecular mechanisms in physiological states remains a major challenge, primarily because of the loss of the native environment during purification. Here, we directly image porcine mitochondria using an cryo-electron microscopy approach.

Investigating the clinical role and prognostic value of genes related to insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway in thyroid cancer.

Background: Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most common endocrine malignancy having a female predominance. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway contributed to the unregulated cell proliferation in multiple malignancies. We aimed to explore the IGF-related signature for THCA prognosis.

Role of histone variants H2BC1 and H2AZ.2 in H2AK119ub nucleosome organization and Polycomb gene silencing.

Ubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119 residue (H2AK119ub) plays critical roles in a wide range of physiological processes, including Polycomb gene silencing , replication , DNA damage repair , inactivation , and heterochromatin organization . However, the underlying mechanism and structural basis of H2AK119ub remains largely elusive. In this study, we report that H2AK119ub nucleosomes have a unique composition, containing histone variants H2BC1 and H2AZ.

Multitasking Pharmacophores Support Cabotegravir-Based Long-Acting HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP).

Cabotegravir is an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) for HIV treatment and prevention. Cabotegravir-based long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) presents an emerging paradigm for infectious disease control. In this scheme, a combination of a high efficacy and low solubility of anti-infection drugs permits the establishment of a pharmaceutical firewall in HIV-vulnerable groups over a long period.

Intelligent Nanoplatform Integrating Macrophage and Cancer Cell Membrane for Synergistic Chemodynamic/Immunotherapy/Photothermal Therapy of Breast Cancer.

Cell membrane-coated nanoplatforms for drug delivery have garnered significant attention due to their inherent cellular properties, such as immune evasion and homing abilities, making them a subject of widespread interest. The coating of mixed membranes from different cell types onto the surface of nanoparticles offers a way to harness natural cell functions, enhancing biocompatibility and improving therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we merged membranes from murine-derived 4T1 breast cancer cells with RAW264.

Flow diverter tail malapposition after implantation in the internal carotid artery for aneurysm treatment: a preliminary study.

Background And Purpose: Favorable wall apposition of a flow diverter (FD) is essential for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The irretrievability and final drop point uncertainty of the proximal tail of the FD increase the difficulty of achieving good tail apposition. Therefore, understanding the factors associated with FD tail malapposition would be helpful for clinical practice.

Characterization of a novel sucrose phosphorylase from Paenibacillus elgii and its use in biosynthesis of α-arbutin.

α-Arbutin, a naturally occurring glycosylated derivative of hydroquinone (HQ), effectively inhibits melanin biosynthesis in epidermal cells. It is widely recognized as a fourth-generation whitening agent within the cosmetic industry. Currently, enzymatic catalysis is universally deemed the safest and most efficient method for α-arbutin synthesis.

Identification of potential therapeutic drugs targeting core genes for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and coexisting COVID-19: Insights from bioinformatic analyses.

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study sought to analyze the potential molecular connections between COVID-19 and SLE, employing a bioinformatics approach to identify effective drugs for both conditions.

Methods: The data sets GSE100163 and GSE183071 were utilized to determine share differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Automated Fragmentation Quantum Mechanical Calculation of N and C Chemical Shifts in a Membrane Protein.

In this work, we developed an accurate and cost-effective automated fragmentation quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (AF-QM/MM) method to calculate the chemical shifts of N and C of membrane proteins. The convergence of the AF-QM/MM method was tested using rhodopsin 2 as a test case. When the distance threshold of the QM region is equal to or larger than 4.

Baseline High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein as a Predictor of Adverse Clinical Events in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta-Analysis.

Inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has been linked to adverse clinical outcomes. A useful biomarker for measuring inflammation levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the blood can be used to detect the presence of low-grade inflammation. This study sought to assess the predictive value of baseline hs-CRP levels for adverse clinical events in CAD patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

A heterozygous pathogenic variant in the ATP6V1A gene triggering epilepsy in a large Chinese pedigree.

Epilepsy is one of the most common disorders in children, with an incidence rate of approximately 5%. Although an increasing number of genes have been demonstrated to be pathogenic factors in epilepsy, evidence for a potential pathogenic role of ATP6V1A remains limited. Herein, the clinical and genetic data of a 5-year-old boy who experienced seizures at 9 months of age are collected.

Fine-Tuning Electrolyte Concentration and Metal-Organic Framework Surface toward Actuating Fast Zn Dehydration for Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries.

Functional porous coating on zinc electrode is emerging as a powerful ionic sieve to suppress dendrite growth and side reactions, thereby improving highly reversible aqueous zinc ion batteries. However, the ultrafast charge rate is limited by the substantial cation transmission strongly associated with dehydration efficiency. Here, we unveil the entire dynamic process of solvated Zn ions' continuous dehydration from electrolyte across the MOF-electrolyte interface into channels with the aid of molecular simulations, taking zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-7 as proof-of-concept.

Structural Engineering-Enabled Joule Heating Effect Cooperated with Capillary Effect Toward Fast Spreading of Droplets for High-Flux Separation of Viscous Emulsion.

Viscous emulsions with poor fluidity and high adhesion are extremely difficult to separate. Herein, high-flux separation of viscous emulsions is realized by developing structural engineered collagen fibers (CFs)-based composite membrane that featured 3D conductive hierarchical fiber structure with the spaced carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and activated carbon (AC) serving as conductive network and competitive adsorption-based demulsifying sites, respectively. The as-designed membrane structure boosts fast spreading of emulsion droplets on membrane surface aided by the synergistic effect of joule heat in situ generated by the spaced CNFs and the capillary effect derived from CFs, which guarantees the full contact of viscous emulsions with the spaced AC for achieving ultra-efficient demulsifying.