Inhibition of palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC12 sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin through ROS-mediated mechanisms.

Platinum-based therapies have revolutionized the treatment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). However, high rates of disease recurrence and progression remain a major clinical concern. Impaired mitochondrial function and dysregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS), hallmarks of cancer, hold potential as therapeutic targets for selectively sensitizing cisplatin treatment.

Author Correction: Macrophages confer resistance to PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 in breast cancer through the activation of NF-κB signaling.

Since publication of this article, the authors have noticed the following errors: (1) Fig. 3c, the image is correct but the authors mistakenly provided incorrect figure legend. The correct figure legend is included below along with the original figure.

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/ Recovery-Induced Injury in an Model of Neurovascular Unit.

Cryptotanshinone (CTs), an active component isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), has been shown to exert potent neuroprotective property. We here established an oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery (OGD/R)-injured Neurovascular Unit (NVU) model to observe the neuroprotective effects of CTs on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI), and explore the underlying mechanisms. CTs was observed to significantly inhibit the OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis, and decease the activation of Caspase-3 and the degradation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), as well as the increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in neurons under OGD/R condition.

Development of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix and gelatin/chitosan scaffolds for meniscus tissue engineering.

Background: Meniscus tissue engineering has provided a great potential treatment for meniscal injuries. However, few scaffolds in meniscus tissue engineering have matched the mechanical properties of native meniscus.

Objective: In this study, we developed a composite scaffold using decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix (DMECM) and gelatin/chitosan (G/C) to explore a preferable ratio to enhance the elastic modulus and cytotoxicity properties of scaffolds.

The effect of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity on DNA methylation in astrocytes in a new in vitro neuron-astrocyte-endothelium co-culture system.

Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is a contributer to many neurological diseases. Astrocytes may represent a new target for treating glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. However, the in vitro culture system that mimics the in vivo microenvironment is lacking.

Macrophages confer resistance to PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 in breast cancer through the activation of NF-κB signaling.

The PI3K pathway is one of the most dysregulated signaling pathways in epithelial cancers and has become an attractive therapeutic target under active preclinical and clinical development. However, recent clinical trial studies revealed that blockade of PI3K activity in advanced cancer often leads to the development of resistance and relapse of the diseases. Intense efforts have been made to elucidate resistance mechanisms and identify rational drug combinations with PI3K inhibitors in solid tumors.

Neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract and Ginkgolide B against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation and glucose injury in a new in vitro multicellular network model.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS), as the third leading cause of death worldwide, is characterized by its high incidence, mortality rate, high incurred disability rate, and frequent reoccurrence. The neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) against several cerebral diseases have been reported in previous studies, but the underlying mechanisms of action are still unclear. Using a novel in vitro rat cortical capillary endothelial cell-astrocyte-neuron network model, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of GBE and one of its important constituents, Ginkgolide B (GB), against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation and glucose (OGD/R) injury.

Integrated network analysis reveals potentially novel molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of refractory epilepsies.

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder and a significant health problem. The pathogenesis of epilepsy remains obscure in a significant number of patients and the current treatment options are not adequate in about a third of individuals which were known as refractory epilepsies (RE). Network medicine provides an effective approach for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying complex diseases.

Network-Based Approach to Identify Potential Targets and Drugs that Promote Neuroprotection and Neurorepair in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) accounts for more than 80% of the approximately 610,000 new stroke cases worldwide every year. Both ischemia and reperfusion can cause death, damage, and functional changes of affected nerve cells, and these alterations can result in high rates of disability and mortality. Therefore, therapies aimed at increasing neuroprotection and neurorepair would make significant contributions to AIS management.

NPAS3 Regulates Transcription and Expression of VGF: Implications for Neurogenesis and Psychiatric Disorders.

Neuronal PAS domain protein 3 (NPAS3) and VGF (VGF Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) Inducible) are important for neurogenesis and psychiatric disorders. Previously, we have demonstrated that NPAS3 regulates VGF at the transcriptional level. In this study, VGF (non-acronymic) was found regulated by NPAS3 in neuronal stem cells.

Changes of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 levels in serum and urine of patients with white matter lesions.

Objectives: Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) has been established as a potential biomarker of neuronal damage. There is not much information about the effects of white matter lesions (WMLs) on serum and urine UCH-L1 levels in white matter disease patients. This study was aimed to assess whether serum or urine UCH-L1 levels are a reliable marker of brain damage in patients with WMLs.

The use of laminin modified linear ordered collagen scaffolds loaded with laminin-binding ciliary neurotrophic factor for sciatic nerve regeneration in rats.

Nerve conduit provides a promising strategy for nerve injury repair in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). However, simply bridging the transected nerve with an empty conduit is hard to satisfy functional recovery. The regenerated axons may disperse during regeneration in the empty lumen, limiting the functional recovery.