Improved control of Rhopalosiphum maidis and Acyrthosiphon pisum, using the predatory natural enemy Harmonia axyridis carrying entomopathogenic fungi.

Background: Aphids are important agricultural and forestry pests that not only directly harm plants, but also transmit various plant viruses. Biological control, including the use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) and predatory natural enemies, can effectively control aphids. However, there are few reports on the combined use of natural enemies carrying EPF to enhance the efficiency of aphid control.

Impact of Oviposition Sequence and Host Egg Density on Offspring Emergence and Interspecific Competition in Two Species of Parasitoids.

Asian corn borer (ACB), Guenee (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and the rice moth (RM), Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) are economically significant insect pests that threaten the agricultural products worldwide. parasitoids are successfully mass-reared using artificial host eggs, RM, and are often managed by economically important lepidopterous pests, such as ACB in China. Pang and Chen (To) and Matsumura (Td) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) are two important parasitoids of ACB.

Streptomyces-triggered coordination between rhizosphere microbiomes and plant transcriptome enables watermelon Fusarium wilt resistance.

The use of microbial inoculant is a promising strategy to improve plant health, but their efficiency often faces challenges due to difficulties in successful microbial colonization in soil environments. To this end, the application of biostimulation products derived from microbes is expected to resolve these barriers via direct interactions with plants or soil pathogens. However, their effectiveness and mechanisms for promoting plant growth and disease resistance remain elusive.

Three new 3,4-seco-cycloartane triterpenes from Gardenia sootepensis.

The plants in the genus Gardenia (Rubiaceae) have long been used as traditional medicines in China. In this study, two new 3,4-seco-cycloartane triterpenes, sootepin J (1) and sootepin K (2), and a novel nor-3,4-seco-cycloartane triterpenes, sootepin L (3), together with two known compounds (4-5), were isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves and twigs of Gardenia sootepensis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by combinations of 1D, 2D NMR experiments and HR-MS data, while the known compounds were identified by comparison of the NMR data with previously published data.

[Fleas on small mammals in the surrounding area of Erhai Lake].

Objective: To investigate the distribution pattern, species diversity and community structure of fleas on small mammals in the surrounding area of Erhai Lake, and the relationship between fleas and their hosts.

Methods: Different geographical areas surrounding the Erhai Lake in Yunnan were selected as investigated spots. Small mammals were captured with baited cages.

Constituents from the seeds of Brucea javanica with inhibitory activity of Tobacco mosaic virus.

Three new constituents were obtained along with 10 known compounds from the seeds of Brucea javanica. The structures of these compounds were determined based on spectral and chemical evidence. These new compounds included a monoterpenoid glycoside and two sesquiterpenes.

Structure-activity relationship of triterpenes and triterpenoid glycosides against tobacco mosaic virus.

A new activity of triterpenes and triterpenoid glycosides against phytovirus has been found. Based on the anti-TMV replication activity in vivo, 47 triterpenes and triterpenoid glycosides were screened through the leaf-disk method together with indirect ELISA. Structure-activity relationships were analyzed according to the results of bio-activity screening.

Antiphytoviral activity of bruceine-D from Brucea javanica seeds.

Background: Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. is widely distributed throughout the southern parts of China and has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases.

Six new triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Ilex oblonga and their inhibitory activities against TMV replication.

Six new triterpenoid saponins of the ursane types were isolated from the MeOH extract of the leaves of Ilex oblonga. They were oblonganoside A (1), oblonganoside B (2), oblonganoside C (6), oblonganoside D (8), oblonganoside E (9), and oblonganoside F (10), together with three known triterpenoid saponins. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and compound 1 showed appreciable inhibitory activity against TMV replication with EC50 value 0.

Anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Ilex oblonga.

Ten triterpene saponins have been isolated from a MeOH extract of the leaves of Ilex oblonga. In their structures, six new triterpenoid saponins were named as oblonganosides H-M (2, 4, 5, and 8-10). All structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.