CPA4 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis and tumor progression in endometrial cancer.

Background: The rise in endometrial cancer rates globally calls for advanced diagnostic methods and new biomarkers. CPA4, known for its role in cancer development, has not yet been studied in relation to endometrial cancer, making it a promising research avenue.

Methods: We analyzed CPA4's mRNA expression using data from TCGA and GEO databases and validated these findings with 116 clinical samples through immunohistochemical analysis.

Effects of psychosocial factors on postpartum depression: a half-longitudinal mediation analysis of cognitive reactivity.

Background: The prevention and treatment of perinatal depression are currently the focus of perinatal health care, with cognitive reactivity confirmed to be an important predictor. However, how cognitive reactivity mediates the relationship between psychosocial factors (e.g.

Screening necroptosis genes influencing osteoarthritis development based on machine learning.

Machine learning can be applied to identify key genes associated with osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to explore the differential expression of necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) during the progression of OA, identify key gene modules strongly linked to the onset of OA, and assess the role of CASP1 and its correlation with immune cell infiltration in OA. Gene expression profile data were obtained for OA and normal tissues: GSE55235 (10 OA and 10 normal synovial tissues) and GSE46750 (12 OA and 12 normal synovial tissues).

When giving social support is beneficial for well-being?

This study investigates the conditions under which the provision of social support enhances subjective well-being, focusing specifically on the autonomy and effectiveness of social support among a sample of 206 university students. Utilizing a 2 × 2 between-subjects experimental design, the findings reveal that the autonomy of social support provision significantly influences subjective well-being, with participants in the voluntary group reporting markedly higher levels of subjective well-being than those in the non-voluntary. Additionally, the perceived effectiveness of social support is shown to significantly affect subjective well-being; individuals who regarded the support as effective exhibited substantially higher levels of subjective well-being compared to those who deemed it ineffective.

Antibiotic-Modified Nanoparticles Combined with Lysozyme for Rapid Extraction of Pathogenic Bacteria DNA in Blood.

Rapid and precise identification of the pathogens causing sepsis remains a significant diagnostic challenge. Blood culture is time-consuming and insensitive, while molecular diagnostic techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are fast but greatly influenced by template quality. Here, we present a new approach to separate trace amounts of pathogen DNA from blood, which utilizes lysozyme to destroy bacteria and release DNA, followed by enrichment and purification using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified with kanamycin (Kan) or tobramycin (TM).

Clinical efficacy of allograft bone combined with calcium phosphate bone powder in repairing bone defects of benign bone tumors: A retrospective controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of repairing bone defects caused by benign bone tumors using allograft bone combined with calcium phosphate bone powder.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 55 patients (aged 10-61 years, mean 35 ± 13.2) with benign bone tumors treated at our hospital from June 2020 to December 2022.

Human gut microbial aromatic amino acid and related metabolites prevent obesity through intestinal immune control.

Obesity affects millions of people in the world. The gut microbiome influences body fat accumulation, but the mechanisms remain to be investigated. Here, we show an association between microbial aromatic amino acid metabolites in serum and body fat accumulation in a large Chinese longitudinal cohort.

Dissociation-dependent kinetics and distinct pathways for direct photolysis and •OH/SO radical dominated photodegradation of ionizable antiviral drugs in aquatic systems.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as UV, UV/HO and UV/persulfate, are widely used to remove emerging organic contaminants from wastewater streams. However, knowledge on chemical degradation pathways, reaction kinetics as well as formation and toxicity of key degradates is limited. We investigated the direct photolysis and •OH/SO dominated kinetics, intermediates and toxicity evolution of three ionizable antiviral drugs (ATVs): tenofovir (TFV), didanosine (DDI), and nevirapine (NVP).

Local salient location-aware anomaly mask synthesis for pulmonary disease anomaly detection and lesion localization in CT images.

Automated pulmonary anomaly detection using computed tomography (CT) examinations is important for the early warning of pulmonary diseases and can support clinical diagnosis and decision-making. Most training of existing pulmonary disease detection and lesion segmentation models requires expert annotations, which is time-consuming and labour-intensive, and struggles to generalize across atypical diseases. In contrast, unsupervised anomaly detection alleviates the demand for dataset annotation and is more generalizable than supervised methods in detecting rare pathologies.

Integration analysis of miRNA-mRNA uncovers the mechanisms of ochratoxin A-induced hepatotoxicity.

Ochratoxin A (OTA), the most toxic member of the ochratoxin family, is frequently detected in contaminated food and beverages, posing substantial health risks to both humans and animals, particularly due to its hepatotoxic effects. Although OTA is known to cause liver damage, the precise molecular mechanisms driving its toxicity remain poorly understood. In this study, we explored the hepatotoxic effects of OTA using LO2 cells and zebrafish models, combining miRNA and mRNA analyses to uncover the underlying mechanisms.

THz-driven electron manipulation via non-velocity-matched interaction in dielectric-loaded waveguides.

Multi-cycle THz-driven electron compression and focusing in dielectric-loaded waveguides (DLWs) offer a compact solution for precise ultrafast electron beam control. However, practical implementation often suffers from dephasing effects due to fabrication tolerances. Here, we investigate the dynamics of electron beam control in the non-velocity-matched interactions between electron beams and THz waves within the DLWs, revealing the relationship between velocity mismatch and the THz energy required for effective electron manipulation.

1.536-Tb/s CPRI-equivalent rate IFoF mobile fronthaul over a 10 km SSMF with time skew-enabled VSB.

Fronthaul plays a crucial role in bridging mobile and optical communications. Conventional digital radio-over-fiber (RoF) systems, utilizing the common public radio interface (CPRI), require a capacity exceeding an order of magnitude above the user data rate, posing challenges for dense small cell deployments and the growing bandwidth demands of 6 G and beyond. Intermediate-frequency-over-fiber (IFoF) with intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) presents a promising alternative due to its high spectral efficiency and simpler architecture.

Interpretation of pathogenicity and clinical features of multiple pathogens in pediatric lower respiratory tract infections by tNGS RPTM analysis.

Background: To characterize the epidemiology of pathogens in children with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) using targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), assess the correlation between reads per ten million (RPTM) of co-detected pathogens, identify common co-detection patterns, and explore their clinical significance.

Methods: Children aged 29 days to 14 years hospitalized for LRTI at the Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, from April 2023 to August 2024 were included. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) or nasopharyngeal swab (NS) samples were tested for pathogens using tNGS, and clinical data were collected.

A trace lithium occupation strategy enhances the structural stability of a layered NaNiFeMnO cathode enabling stable cycling.

Trace lithium ions are embedded into sodium-ion sites through Li/Na exchange to enhance the structural stability and mitigate interface erosion of layered NaNiFeMnO. The harmful O'3 phase transition in L-NFM was alleviated effectively by Li sites during the cycling process.

Engineering Aqueous Electrolytes with Vicinal S-based Organic Additives for Highly Reversible Zinc-Ion Batteries.

The commercial deployment of Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries (AZIBs) is hampered by dendrites, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and corrosion reactions. To tackle these challenges, we have introduced 3,3'-dithiobis-1-propanesulfonic acid disodium salt (SPS), a symmetrical sulfur-based organic salt, as an electrolyte additive for AZIBs. Unlike conventional electrolyte additives that favour (002) deposition, SPS enables dense (100) growth through a unique symmetrically aligned concentration-controlled adsorption network, affording structural uniformity and compactness to the Zn deposit layer.

Prognostic significance of total metabolic tumor volume on baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with lung adenocarcinoma: further stratification of the ninth edition of TNM staging subgroups.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of baseline total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography and its potential for further stratification within the ninth tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: A cohort of 384 patients with LUAD who had undergone pretreatment PET/CT were included in this retrospective study. The optimal cutoff value for TMTV was determined through analysis of time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves.

PgMYB96 enhances Physalis grisea high temperature tolerance by activating trithorax-like factor WD REPEAT CONTAINING5b.

Under the general trend of global warming, high temperature stress (HTS) is an increasingly grievous challenge to the normal growth and development of crops. Exposure to high temperature (42°C) during the growth and development stages of Physalis grisea can result in the breakdown of antimicrobials, sterility of pollen, and diminished yields. In this study, trithorax-like factor PgWDR5b was functionally analysed in response to high temperature stress in P.

Nanovaccines empowering CD8 T cells: a precision strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy leveraging nanovaccines represents a cutting-edge frontier in precision medicine, specifically designed to potentiate CD8 T cell-based immunotherapy. This review thoroughly delineates the evolving landscape of cancer nanovaccine development, emphasizing their advantageous role in modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) to enhance CD8 T cell efficacy. We critically analyze current innovations in nanovaccine design, focusing on their capacity to deliver tumor antigens and immunostimulatory adjuvants effectively.

Role of FPR2 antagonism in alleviating social isolation-induced depression and protecting blood-brain barrier integrity.

Social isolation (SI) is a prevalent issue in modern society, particularly exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is a significant contributor to depressive disorders. Inflammation-related markers are upregulated in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) unresponsive to first-line selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants. This study investigates the role of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), a G-protein coupled receptor expressed in central and peripheral immune cells, in SI-induced depression.

Risk factors of immune-related endocrine toxicities in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab and its impact on patient outcomes: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Pembrolizumab has been approved as a first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, a percentage of patients discontinue immunotherapy due to immune-related adverse events (irAE). Among these events, immune-related endocrine toxicities (E-irAE) represents the most common form, though their etiology, risk factors, and impact on patient outcomes remain poorly understood.

Mechanism of arsenic regulation of mitochondrial damage and autophagy induced synaptic damage through SIRT1 and protective effect of melatonin.

Arsenic (As), a widespread environmental pollutant, can induce severe neurological damage worldwide; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been reported to exert neuroprotective effects against various neurological diseases by resisting mitochondrial damage and autophagy through deacetylation. In this study, we established a model of HT22 cells exposed to NaAsO and examined the levels of mitochondrial, autophagy, and synaptic damage in HT22 cells and HT22 cells with high expression of SIRT1 (pre-treated with the agonist SRT1720) 24 h after exposure.

Radionuclides in marine food web along China's Coastal Waters: Activity, Distribution and Trophic Level Bio-magnification.

This study investigated the occurrence, activity, distribution, and trophic level bio-magnification of 4 radionuclides (polonium(Po), strontium(Sr), cesium(Cs), and plutonium (Pu)) in 16 kinds of marine organism along China's coastal waters: the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea. Results showed that none of radionuclides was detected at the level exceeding the established regulatory limits, with the highest measured activities of Po = 13.9 Bq/kg, Sr = 0.

Formaldehyde emissions variability in light-duty and heavy-duty diesel trucks under real-world conditions.

Recent studies have indicated that diesel trucks could be significant sources of atmospheric formaldehyde (HCHO), which has detrimental effects on both the environment and human health. However, the variability of real-world HCHO emissions from different types of diesel trucks relating to driving conditions remains insufficiently explored. This study conducted real-world driving emission (RDE) tests on 19 light-duty (LDDTs) and heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDDTs) to assess emission variability.

Evaluating the protective effects of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 21 ligand, CpG ODN, against necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.

Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens), presents a challenge to the global broiler industry. Evidence suggests that Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands can enhance the immune responses in chickens and protect them against infectious diseases.

Fndc5/irisin mediates the benefits of aerobic exercise intervention on aging-associated sarcopenia in mice.

Methods: In this study, 24-month-old (aged) mice were used as a naturally occurring model of aging-associated sarcopenia, while 2-month-old (young) mice served as the normal control. Six weeks of treadmill training was employed as an aerobic exercise intervention. The mRNA and protein levels of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (Fndc5/irisin), MuRF1, and Atrogin-1 in gastrocnemius muscles were analyzed using qRT-PCR and Western blot.