White matter structure and derived network properties are used to predict the progression from mild cognitive impairment of older adults to Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: To identify white matter fiber injury and network changes that may lead to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression, then a joint model was constructed based on neuropsychological scales to predict high-risk individuals for Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression among older adults with MCI.

Methods: A total of 173 MCI patients were included from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI) database and randomly divided into training and testing cohorts. Forty-five progressed to AD during a 4-year follow-up period.

Integrative neurovascular coupling and neurotransmitter analyses in anisometropic and visual deprivation amblyopia children.

The association between visual abnormalities and impairments in cerebral blood flow and brain region potentially results in neural dysfunction of amblyopia. Nevertheless, the differences in the complex mechanisms of brain neural network coupling and its relationship with neurotransmitters remain unclear. Here, the neurovascular coupling mechanism and neurotransmitter activity in children with anisometropic amblyopia (AA) and visual deprivation amblyopia (VDA) was explored.

Predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: use of MRI radiomics data from three regions with multiple machine learning algorithms.

Objective: To construct a multi-region MRI radiomics model for predicting pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer (BCa) patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and provide a theoretical basis for the peritumoral microenvironment affecting the efficacy of NACT.

Methods: A total of 133 BCa patients who received NACT, including 49 with confirmed pCR, were retrospectively analyzed. The radiomics features of the intratumoral region, peritumoral region, and background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) were extracted, and the most relevant features were obtained after dimensional reduction.

Prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy pathological complete response for breast cancer based on radiomics nomogram of intratumoral and derived tissue.

Background: Non-invasive identification of breast cancer (BCa) patients with pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is critical to determine appropriate surgical strategies and guide the resection range of tumor. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a nomogram created by combining radiomics signatures from both intratumoral and derived tissues with clinical characteristics for predicting pCR after NACT.

Methods: The clinical data of 133 BCa patients were analyzed retrospectively and divided into training and validation sets.

Hybrid model of CT-fractional flow reserve, pericoronary fat attenuation index and radiomics for predicting the progression of WMH: a dual-center pilot study.

Objective: To develop and validate a hybrid model incorporating CT-fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR), pericoronary fat attenuation index (pFAI), and radiomics signatures for predicting progression of white matter hyperintensity (WMH).

Methods: A total of 226 patients who received coronary computer tomography angiography (CCTA) and brain magnetic resonance imaging from two hospitals were divided into a training set ( = 116), an internal validation set ( = 30), and an external validation set ( = 80). Patients who experienced progression of WMH were identified from subsequent MRI results.

Predicting progression of white matter hyperintensity using coronary artery calcium score based on coronary CT angiography-feasibility and accuracy.

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) usually coexists with subclinical cerebrovascular diseases given the systematic nature of atherosclerosis. In this study, our objective was to predict the progression of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) and find its risk factors in CAD patients using the coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. We also investigated the relationship between the CAC score and the WMH volume in different brain regions.

Prediction of postoperative liver metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on multiparametric magnetic resonance radiomics combined with serological markers: a cohort study of machine learning.

Objective: To construct and validate a multi-dimensional model based on multiple machine leaning algorithms to predict PCLM using multi-parameter magnetic resonance (MRI) sequences with clinical and imaging parameters.

Methods: A total of 148 PDAC retrospectively examined patients were classified as metastatic or non-metastatic based on results at 3 months after surgery. The radiomics features of the primary tumor were extracted from T2WI images, followed by dimension reduction.

Altered local spontaneous brain activity pattern in children with right-eye amblyopia of varying degrees: evidence from fMRI.

Purpose: To investigate the abnormal changes of local brain activity in children with right-eye amblyopia of varying degrees.

Methods: Data of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected from 16 children with severe amblyopia, 17 children with mild to moderate amblyopia, and 15 children with normal binocular vision. Local brain activity was analyzed using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo).

Astaxanthin ameliorates oxidative stress in lens epithelial cells by regulating GPX4 and ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death closely associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and is characterised by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid species and iron overload. Damage to human lens epithelial cells (LECs) is associated with age-related cataract progression. Astaxanthin (ATX), a carotenoid with natural antioxidant properties, counteracts ferroptosis in the treatment of various degenerative diseases.

KLF5/MDM2 Axis Modulates Oxidative Stress and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Lens Epithelial Cells: The Role in Diabetic Cataract.

Diabetic cataract (DC) is a common cause of visual loss in older diabetic subjects. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) plays an essential role in migration and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diverse cells and is involved in oxidative stress. However, the effects of KLF5 on DC remain unknown.

lncRNA TUG1 regulates Smac/DIABLO expression by competitively inhibiting miR-29b and modulates the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells in age-related cataracts.

Background: As one of the early discovered long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), taurine upregulation gene 1 ( TUG1 ) has been widely expressed in a variety of tumors. Moreover, it promotes cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. However, our understanding of its importance in the pathogenesis of cataracts remains limited.

Coronary computed tomography angiography imaging features combined with computed tomography-fractional flow reserve, pericoronary fat attenuation index, and radiomics for the prediction of myocardial ischemia.

Background: This study aimed to predict myocardial ischemia (MIS) by constructing models with imaging features, CT-fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR), pericoronary fat attenuation index (pFAI), and radiomics based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Methods And Results: This study included 96 patients who underwent CCTA and single photon emission computed tomography-myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI). According to SPECT-MPI results, there were 72 vessels with MIS in corresponding supply area and 105 vessels with no-MIS.

Novel cataract-causing variant c.177dupC in c-MAF regulates the expression of crystallin genes for cell apoptosis via a mitochondria-dependent pathway.

Congenital cataract (CC) is regarded as the most common hereditary ophthalmic disease in children. Mutations in CC-associated genes play important roles in CC formation, which provides the basis for molecular diagnosis and therapy. Among these CC-associated genes, v-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog (c-MAF) is considered an important transcription factor for eye and lens development.

Circ-POLR3A accelerates TGF-β2-induced promotion in cell viability, migration, and invasion of lens epithelial cells via miR-31/TXNIP signaling cascade.

Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the major complication after cataract surgery and can result in secondary vision loss. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are reported to play critical regulatory roles in multiple cell biological processes. The most common working mechanism of circRNAs is by acting as microRNA sponges.

MDM2-mediated ubiquitination of LKB1 contributes to the development of diabetic cataract.

Diabetic cataract (DC) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is a crucial event in the development of DC. Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes EMT by regulating diverse targets.

Circ-GGA3 promotes the biological functions of human lens epithelial cells depending on the regulation of miR-497-5p/SMAD4 axis.

The cause of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the dysfunction of lens epithelial cells (LECs). Circular RNA (circRNA) was found to regulate cell biological functions, including LECs. However, the role of circ-GGA3 in PCO formation is unclear.

Immunological significance of survival-related alternative splicing in uveal melanoma.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a highly malignant intraocular tumor. The imbalance of alternative splicing (AS) is a landmark of tumor initiation and progression. However, there are few studies of AS in UM.

Glycopeptide-nanotransforrs eyedrops with enhanced permeability and retention for preventing fundus neovascularization.

Efficient and non-invasive drug delivery to the fundus has always been a medical difficulty. Here, a co-assembled glycopeptide nanotransforrs (GPNTs) named MRP@DOX as a drug delivery system is reported. The MRP@DOX co-assemble nanoparticles consisting of glycopeptide, cationic peptide, and doxorubicin (DOX).

LncRNA GAS5 regulates migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lens epithelial cells via the miR-204-3p/TGFBR1 axis.

Diabetic cataract (DC) is a major ocular complication secondary to diabetes mellitus. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is an important event in DC progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs are involved in various biological processes and disorders.

Exosome-transmitted circ-CARD6 facilitates posterior capsule opacification development by miR-31/FGF7 axis.

Background: Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the major vision-disrupting complication arising after cataract surgery. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are biological active RNAs which were involved in various physiological functions. So far, the role of circRNA caspase recruitment domain family member 6 (circ-CARD6) in PCO is still unclear.

A simple method for moving source depth estimation applied to the SWellEx96 data.

Existing methods for source localization in an ocean waveguide generally require simultaneous range and depth estimation as they are intrinsically coupled in the acoustic field. Using beam intensities averaged over ranges longer than the mode cycle distances, it is shown that the range-averaged vertical beam distribution is insensitive to the source range and sensitive to the source depth. An incoherent matched beam processing method is presented and applied to the SWellEx96 moving source data to estimate source depth based on the 127 and 130 Hz signals with good results.

microRNA-362-3p targets USP22 to retard retinoblastoma growth via reducing deubiquitination of LSD1.

Accumulating evidence has reported the role of microRNA (miR) in retinoblastoma (RB). Therefore, the objective was to discuss how miR-362-3p exerted its function in RB cell progression via regulating ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP22) and lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1). MiR-362-3p, USP22 and LSD1 expression in RB cells and tissues were tested.