Polymer Ligands with Multi-Nitrogen Heterocyclic Carbenes for Enhanced Stability and Reactivity in Nanoparticle Surface Functionalization.

Nitrogen heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are emerging as effective substitutes for conventional thiol ligands in surface functionalization of nanoparticles (NPs), offering exceptional stability to NPs under harsh conditions. However, the highly reactive feature of NHCs limits their use in introducing chemically active groups onto the NP surface. Herein, we develop a general yet robust strategy for the efficient surface functionalization of NPs with copolymer ligands bearing various functional groups.

Efficient Cytosolic Delivery of Single-Chain Polymeric Artificial Enzymes for Intracellular Catalysis and Chemo-Dynamic Therapy.

Designing artificial enzymes for in vivo catalysis presents a great challenge due to biomacromolecule contamination, poor biodistribution, and insufficient substrate interaction. Herein, we developed single-chain polymeric nanoparticles with Cu/N-heterocyclic carbene active sites (SCNP-Cu) to function as peroxidase mimics for in vivo catalysis and chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT). Compared with the enzyme mimics based on unfolded linear polymer scaffold and multichain cross-linked scaffold, SCNP-Cu exhibits improved tumor accumulation and CDT efficiency both in vitro and in vivo.

DUSP3 restrains the progression and stemness property of osteosarcoma through regulating EGFR/STAT3/SOX2 axis.

Dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3) is a small-molecule dual-specificity phosphatase whose function has not yet been elucidated. This study investigated the effects of DUSP3 on the biological behavior of osteosarcoma and its potential mechanisms. We performed bioinformatics analysis of DUSP3 using "The Cancer Genome Atlas" and "The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource" databases.

Reductive dechlorination of trichloroethene at concentrations approaching saturation by a Desulfitobacterium-containing community.

In dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contaminant source zones, aqueous concentrations of trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater may approach saturation levels (8.4 mM). It is generally believed that such saturation concentrations are toxic to organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB), thus limiting the effectiveness of bioremediation.

Large range wavelength demodulation for ultra-short fiber Bragg gratings based on an arrayed waveguide grating and a convex optimization algorithm.

A wavelength demodulation method for ultra-short fiber Bragg grating (US-FBG) sensors based on an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) and a convex optimization algorithm is proposed and demonstrated. Instead of measuring the output power ratio of the two adjacent AWG channels as previously done, in this work the wavelength demodulation is realized by reconstructing the US-FBG spectrum. The principle of spectral reconstruction involves using an AWG to sample the spectral information of US-FBG and constructing underdetermined matrix equations with the obtained prior information on transmission responses and the detected output power from multiple AWG channels.

Influence of the Enterovirus 71 Vaccine and the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in China Based on Counterfactual Models: Observational Study.

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a highly contagious viral illness. Understanding the long-term trends of HFMD incidence and its epidemic characteristics under the circumstances of the enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccination program and the outbreak of COVID-19 is crucial for effective disease surveillance and control.

Objective: We aim to give an overview of the trends of HFMD over the past decades and evaluate the impact of the EV71 vaccination program and the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemic trends of HFMD.

First-line treatments for KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: current state and future perspectives.

mutations are common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are associated with patient prognosis; however, targeting has faced various difficulties. Currently, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and chemoimmunotherapy play pivotal roles in the first-line treatment of -mutated NSCLC. Here, we summarize the current evidence on first-line therapies and compare the treatment outcomes and biomarkers for different regimens.

A Normal Displacement Model and Compensation Method of Polishing Tool for Precision CNC Polishing of Aspheric Surface.

The position accuracy of the polishing tool affects the surface quality of the polished aspheric surface. The contact deformation among the polishing tool, abrasives, and aspheric part can cause a displacement, which, in turn, will cause a position error of the polishing tool, which will lead to a significant change in the polishing force. In order to resolve this error, this paper proposed a method of normal displacement compensation for a computer numerical controlled (CNC) polishing system by controlling the polishing force.

Subcutaneous delivery of mesenchymal stromal cells induces immunoregulatory effects in the lymph node prior to their apoptosis.

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy commonly involves systemic infusion of MSCs, which undergo apoptosis in the lung and induce immunoregulatory macrophages that reduce disease. The relevance of this mode of action, however, is yet to be determined for MSCs administered via other routes. Here, we administered MSCs via subcutaneous (SC) injection into inflamed tissue and investigated the immunomodulatory effects on the local lymph node (LN), which is a major site for the initiation and regulation of immune responses.

Tunable Nanoislands Decorated Tapered Optical Fibers Reveal Concurrent Contributions in Through-Fiber SERS Detection.

Creating plasmonic nanoparticles on a tapered optical fiber (TF) tip enables a remote surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing probe, ideal for challenging sampling scenarios like biological tissues, site-specific cells, on-site environmental monitoring, and deep brain structures. However, nanoparticle patterns fabricated from current bottom-up methods are mostly random, making geometry control difficult. Uneven statistical distribution, clustering, and multilayer deposition introduce uncertainty in correlating device performance with morphology.

Direct current driven persulfate delivery and activation for heterogeneous porous media remediation: Coupling effects of electric-thermal-chemical-flow fields.

Direct current (DC) has promising potential for persulfate delivery and activation in heterogeneous site remediation, yet requires deeper understanding. Here, we investigated the efficiency of DC for persulfate delivery and activation and compared with alternating current (AC). While AC electric field only influenced persulfate fate by Joule heating effect, DC electric field induced electrokinetic migration of persulfate and contaminants, as well as promoted persulfate activation with Joule heating and electrochemical reactions.

Docetaxel-Encapsulated Catalytic Pt/Au Nanotubes for Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

The combination of photothermal therapy with chemotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for addressing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This manuscript describes a novel hybrid nanoplatform comprising ultrathin catalytic platinum/gold (Pt/Au) nanotubes encapsulated with docetaxel and phase-change materials (PCMs) for the photoacoustic imaging-guided synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy of TNBC. Upon irradiation of near-infrared laser, the photothermal heating of nanotubes converts solid-state PCM into liquid, triggering the controlled release of the encapsulated docetaxel.

Potential of plasmonics and nanoscale light-matter interactions for the next generation of optical neural interfaces.

Within the realm of optical neural interfaces, the exploration of plasmonic resonances to interact with neural cells has captured increasing attention among the neuroscience community. The interplay of light with conduction electrons in nanometer-sized metallic nanostructures can induce plasmonic resonances, showcasing a versatile capability to both sense and trigger cellular events. We describe the perspective of generating propagating or localized surface plasmon polaritons on the tip of an optical neural implant, widening the possibility for neuroscience labs to explore the potential of plasmonic neural interfaces.

Engineering the Electrostatic Interactions between Oppositely Charged Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles for Constructing Colloid Molecules on Substrates.

Arrays of nanoparticle (NP) clusters with controlled architectures show broad applications in nanolasers, sensors, and photocatalysis, but the fabrication of these arrays on substrates remains a grand challenge. This review presents a highly effective polymer-based strategy for the process-directed self-assembly of binary polyelectrolyte-grafted NPs (PGNPs) bearing opposite charges into stable colloidal molecules (CMs) on substrates via electrostatic interactions. The coordination number () of AB CMs can be tuned by adjusting the pH or ionic strength of the solution or by employing different combinations of PGNPs with varying charge densities.

LINC00665 promotes the progression and immune evasion of lung cancer by facilitating the translation of TCF7 protein through dependence on IRES.

Objective: To investigate the influence of LINC00665 on the development and immune evasion of lung cancer.

Methods: Tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were collected from 84 lung cancer patients, categorized into non-metastatic (n = 58) and metastatic (n = 26) groups. LINC00665 expression in lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer tissues was assessed via qRT-PCR.

Higher thermal remediation temperature facilitates the sequential bioaugmented reductive dechlorination.

The coupling of thermal remediation with microbial reductive dechlorination (MRD) has shown promising potential for the cleanup of chlorinated solvent contaminated sites. In this study, thermal treatment and bioaugmentation were applied in series, where prior higher thermal remediation temperature led to improved TCE dechlorination performance with both better organohalide-respiring bacteria (OHRB) colonization and electron donor availability. The 60 °C was found to be a key temperature point where the promotion effect became obvious.

Telehealth With Comprehensive Live-Fed Real-World Data as a Patient Care Platform for Lung Cancer: Implementation and Evaluation Study.

Background: Telehealth has emerged as a popular channel for providing outpatient services in many countries. However, the majority of telehealth systems focus on operational functions and offer only a sectional patient journey at most. Experiences with incorporating longitudinal real-world medical record data into telehealth are valuable but have not been widely shared.

TRIM26 inhibits clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression through destabilizing ETK and thus inactivation of AKT/mTOR signaling.

Background: Tripartite motif-containing 26 (TRIM26), a member of the TRIM protein family, exerts dual function in several types of cancer. Nevertheless, the precise role of TRIM26 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has not been investigated.

Methods: The expression of TRIM26 in ccRCC tissues and cell lines were examined through the use of public resources and experimental validation.

Spatiotemporal dynamic temperature variation dominated by ion behaviors during groundwater remediation using direct current.

Direct current (DC) electric field has shown promising performance in contaminated site remediation, in which the Joule heating effect plays an important role but has been previously underappreciated. This study focuses on the spatiotemporal characteristics and mechanism of temperature change in heterogeneous porous media with applied DC. The heating process can be divided into four phases: preferential heating of the low permeability zone (LPZ), rapid heating in the middle region, temperature drop and hot zone shift, and reheating.

ZNF692 promotes osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through TNK2-mediated activation of the MEK/ERK pathway.

Background: Osteosarcoma is a diverse and aggressive bone tumor. Driver genes regulating osteosarcoma initiation and progression remains incompletely defined. Zinc finger protein 692 (ZNF692), a kind of Krüppel C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor, exhibited abnormal expression in different types of malignancies and showed a correlation with the clinical prognosis of patients as well as the aggressive characteristics of cancer cells.

Randomized, Single-Blind, Comparative Study of Remimazolam Besylate vs Propofol for Facial Plastic Surgery.

Background: Use of local anesthesia and conscious sedation with a combination of a sedative and anesthetic drug during a surgical procedure is an approach designed to avoid intubation, which produces fewer adverse events compared to general anesthesia. In the present study, a comparison was made between the efficacy and safety of remimazolam besylate and propofol for facial plastic surgery.

Objectives: The objective was to evaluate the clinical efficacy, comfort, and incidence of adverse events of remimazolam compared with propofol combined with alfentanil in outpatient facial plastic surgery.

RF-controlled mode-locking and optoelectronic pulse compressing with distributed selectable wavelengths.

Mode-locking in laser cavities has attracted great interest due to its wide range of applications in generating optical frequency combs and ultra-short pulse trains. Here, a mode-locked fiber laser with a distributed selectable wavelength feedback is proposed based on radio frequency maneuverability. The laser is capable of generating transform-limited pulses with a selectable wavelength and repetition rates by interrogating different reflectors through active modulation.

Construction of a prognostic risk score model based on the ARHGAP family to predict the survival of osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of bone tumors. More and more ARHGAP family genes have been confirmed are to the occurrence, development, and invasion of tumors. However, its significance in osteosarcoma remains unclear.