Determination and prediction of the energy content and amino acid digestibility of brewer's spent grain for growing pigs.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the energy content and amino acid (AA) digestibility of 10 brewer's spent grain (BSG) for growing pigs, with the goal of developing predictive models for these digestible nutrients based on their chemical composition. In Exp. 1, 66 crossbred barrows (initial body weight (BW): 35.

Strategies for long-acting drug design.

With advances of drug design and preparation technology, the development of long-acting drugs has become an important research focus in precision medicine and chronic disease management. These drugs are designed to improve the patients' compliance and quality of life by achieving prolonged maintenance of an effective drug concentration in the body with a reduced dosing frequency. Small molecule drugs, monoclonal antibodies and nucleic acid drugs all have their own difficulties in achieving long actions, which can be especially challenging for the latter two because of their structural complexity.

Yinjia pills inhibits the malignant biological behavior of HeLa cells through PKM2-medicated inhibition of JAK/STAT3 pathway.

Cervical cancer is one of the most common tumors in women and is a major problem in gynecological health. Studies have shown that Yinjia pills (YJP), a traditional Chinese medicine, can effectively slow the progression of cervical cancer. Therefore, this study mainly explored the molecular mechanism by which YJP delays the progression of cervical cancer.

Neural network assisted high flexibility and high resolution Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing for astronomical observation in darker sky areas.

Shack-Hartmann (SH) wavefront sensing is widely applied to astronomical observations with its fast and accurate measurement. However, due to the computational nature of SH that the input beam is segmented to provide local wavefront slopes, the sampling density of the sub-apertures and the calculation accuracy of each sub-focal spot's centroid have great influence on the wavefront reconstruction accuracy. Therefore, it is usually difficult to achieve high resolution wavefront reconstruction for dark stars in the astronomical observations with insufficient light intensity.

Recent Advances in Polymeric Delivery Vehicles for Controlled and Sustained Drug Release.

In the realm of modern therapeutics, the development of polymeric delivery vehicles has revolutionized drug administration, offering a sophisticated approach to controlled and sustained drug release [...

Buqi-Huoxue-Tongnao decoction drives gut microbiota-derived indole lactic acid to attenuate ischemic stroke via the gut-brain axis.

Background: Ischemic stroke belongs to "apoplexy" and its pathogenesis is characterized by qi deficiency and blood stasis combining with phlegm-damp clouding orifices. Buqi-Huoxue-Tongnao decoction (BHTD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for qi deficiency, blood stasis and phlegm obstruction syndrome. However, its efficacy and potential mechanism on ischemic stroke are still unclear.

Microsurgical treatment of spinal intradural capillary hemangioma: A consecutive case series of 18 patients and literature review.

Purpose: Intradural capillary hemangioma is a rare condition with unclear etiology. Although intradural capillary hemangiomas are benign, they exhibit significant proliferative activity, and their clinical significance should not be underestimated.

Methods: We report a series of spinal intradural capillary hemangiomas to illustrate the characteristics, surgical management, and outcomes.

Parthenolide enhances the metronomic chemotherapy effect of cyclophosphamide in lung cancer by inhibiting the NF-kB signaling pathway.

Background: Parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone derived from the medicinal herb Chrysanthemum parthenium, exhibits various biological effects by targeting NF-kB, STAT3, and other pathways. It has emerged as a promising adjunct therapy for multiple malignancies.

Aim: To evaluate the and effect of PTL on cyclophosphamide (CTX) metronomic chemotherapy.

Effects of Commonly used Surfactants, Poloxamer 188 and Tween 80, on the Drug Transport Capacity of Intestinal Glucose Transporters.

Some glycoside drugs can be transported through intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs). The surfactants used in oral drug preparations can affect the function of transporter proteins. This study aimed to investigate the effect of commonly used surfactants, Poloxamer 188 and Tween 80, on the drug transport capacity of IGTs.

Preparation and properties of cationic starch-carrageenan‑sodium alginate hydrogels with pH and temperature sensitivity.

In this study, cationic starch-carrageenan‑sodium alginate (CAS/CR/SA) hydrogels with different weight ratios of carrageenan and sodium alginate were prepared and their properties such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rheological properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), H nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and methylene blue adsorption test were measured. The results showed that the viscosity and the shear strain resistance of the CAS/CR/SA hybrid hydrogels positively correlated with their sodium alginate contents. The hybrid hydrogels with high carrageenan contents exhibited a high energy storage modulus (G') and a high loss modulus (G").

Altered Brain Glymphatic Function at Diffusion-Tensor MRI in Pre-cirrhotic Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.

Rationale And Objectives: To evaluate glymphatic function changes and their relationships with clinical features in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), thereby facilitating early intervention before this disease progresses to cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional cohort of 46 pre-cirrhotic MAFLD patients and 30 age-, sex-, and education-matched controls was enrolled, with diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) data, laboratory and neurocognitive scores collected. The DTI analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index was computed for qualifying glymphatic function.

High-resolution and highly-multiplexed option for fiber-fed spectrograph of the wide field MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST).

In recent decades, rapid advances in astronomical imaging campaigns have generated an urgent need for detailed spectroscopic surveys with increased speed and efficiency. The 6.5 m MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST) aims to address these current demands.

Optimized optical system with a 1.65 m wide-field corrector for the 6.5 m high-performance MUltiplexed Survey Telescope.

The development of modern large-scale spectroscopic survey telescopes responds to the urgent demand for spectral information in astronomical research. Tsinghua University has previously proposed a 6.5 m MUltiplexed Survey Telescope consisting of a Ritchey-Chretien configuration and a 1.

Visual and photoelectrochemical analysis of antibiotic resistance genes enabled by surface-engineered ZIF-8@Au cascade nanozymes.

The aggravation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment has posed a significant global health crisis. Accurate evaluation of ARGs levels in a facile manner is a pressing issue for environmental surveillance. Here, we demonstrate a unique dumbbell-shaped cascade nanozyme for visual/photoelectrochemical (PEC) dual-mode detection of ARGs.

Effects of Three Kinds of Carbohydrate Pharmaceutical Excipients-Fructose, Lactose and Arabic Gum on Intestinal Absorption of Gastrodin through Glucose Transport Pathway in Rats.

Background: Some glucoside drugs can be transported via intestinal glucose transporters (IGTs), and the presence of carbohydrate excipients in pharmaceutical formulations may influence the absorption of them. This study, using gastrodin as probe drug, aimed to explore the effects of fructose, lactose, and arabic gum on intestinal drug absorption mediated by the glucose transport pathway.

Methods: The influence of fructose, lactose, and arabic gum on gastrodin absorption was assessed via pharmacokinetic experiments and single-pass intestinal perfusion.

Early Evaluation of Risk Stratification and Clinical Outcomes for Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer through Combined Monitoring of Baseline Circulating Tumor Cells and DNA.

Purpose: Early evaluation of tumor heterogeneity related to metastasis and outcomes is a major challenge in the management of advanced breast cancer (BCa) in the clinic. In this study, we introduced the value of baseline circulating tumor cells (CTC) and ctDNA for early differentiation of clinical stages, tumor heterogeneity, and prognosis in clinic.

Experimental Design: A total of 292 patients with BCa were enrolled in this study, including 254 Stage IV and 38 Stage III patients, and examined the baseline levels of CTCs, CTC-clusters, and plasma ctDNA before initiating therapies.

Fabrication and characterization of oxidized starch-xanthan gum composite nanoparticles with efficient emulsifying properties.

This study involved the preparation of nanoparticles by combining oxidized starch (OS) with xanthan gum (XG), and emulsions were prepared from this nanoparticle. The physical and chemical characteristics, as well as the emulsification properties of oxidized starch-xanthan gum composite nanoparticles (OGNP), were analyzed. The findings revealed that the OGNP retained spherical shape after the addition of XG, although their diameter increased from approximately 50-150 to 200-400 nm.

Pituitary MRI Radiomics Improves Diagnostic Performance of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Children Short Stature: A Multicenter Radiomics Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop an efficient machine-learning model using pituitary MRI radiomics and clinical data to differentiate growth hormone deficiency (GHD) from idiopathic short stature (ISS), making the diagnostic process more acceptable to patients and their families.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort of 297 GHD and 300 ISS children (4-12 years) were enrolled as training and validation cohorts (8:2 ratio). An external cohort from another institution (49 GHD and 51 ISS) was employed as the testing cohort.

Ultrasensitive Dual-Mode Visual/Photoelectrochemical Bioassay for Antibiotic Resistance Genes through Incorporating Rolling Circle Amplicons into a Tailored Nanoassembly.

As emerging contaminants in the environment, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have aroused a global health crisis and posed a serious threat to ecological safety and human health. Thus, efficient and accurate onsite detection of ARGs is crucial for environmental surveillance. Here, we presented a colorimetric-photoelectrochemical (PEC) dual-mode bioassay for simultaneous detection of multiple ARGs by smartly incorporating rolling circle amplification (RCA) into a stimuli-responsive DNA nanoassembly, using the tetracycline resistance genes tetA and tetC as models.

Quantitative evaluation on thermal seeing induced 2m ring solar telescope.

Thermal seeing is one of the factors that affect solar telescope observations. A comprehensive analysis method is developed to quantify the thermal seeing effects. A three-dimensional Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model is used to obtain the transient flow fields around the primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the heat-stop.

Label-Free Quantification of DNA Hybridization Kinetics and Affinity Enabled by an Electro-Optical Modulation on Single Nanoparticles.

Since the formation of a DNA duplex plays a vital role in gene expression and regulation across all kinds of organisms, quantifying the interaction during DNA hybridization is essential for understanding various biological processes in living systems on the molecular scale of nucleic acids. Here, we developed a label-free method to measure the binding kinetics and affinity of DNA hybridization with an electro-optical modulation on the individual gold nanorods based on a total internal reflection dark-field imaging microscopy. Under the electrochemical modulation, a Fourier transform filter was utilized to extract the optical scattering of the nanorods, which varies with the DNA binding due to their impedance change.