Health-related quality of life analysis from ENTER, a randomized, controlled phase III trial of whole-brain radiotherapy with and without concurrent erlotinib in NSCLC with brain metastases.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is critical for patients with lung cancer due to poor prognosis. We presented patient-reported outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases (BM) who received whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in combination with erlotinib or WBRT alone in the phase 3 ENTER study.

Methods: The patients' HRQoL was assessed by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 30-item Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30).

Characterization of the genomic landscape in liver oligometastatic NSCLC.

Objectives: Emerging data have shown that local treatment could provide clinical benefit for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with oligometastasis. Liver metastases have the worst prognosis in advanced NSCLC, but the genomic characteristics of liver oligometastasis remain unclear. The aim of our study was to elucidate the molecular features of liver oligometastatic NSCLC.

Effects of EGFR-TKIs combined with intracranial radiotherapy in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases: a retrospective multi-institutional analysis.

Background: Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are prone to developing brain metastases (BMs), particularly those with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. In clinical practice, treatment-naïve EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with asymptomatic BMs tend to choose EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as first-line therapy and defer intracranial radiotherapy (RT). However, the effectiveness of upfront intracranial RT remains unclear.

Genomic characteristics of PD-L1-Induced resistance to EGFR-TKIs in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The co-occurrence of PD-L1 positivity and EGFR mutations in advanced NSCLC often limits EGFR-TKIs effectiveness, with unclear mechanisms.

Methods: We analyzed 103 treatment-naive EGFR-mutant LUAD patients from three centers, assessing PD-L1 expression and performing NGS analysis.

Results: SMO mutations and MET amplification were significantly higher in the PD-L1 ≥ 1% group versus PD-L1 < 1% group (SMO: 8% vs.

A Novel Scoring System to Predict Acute Radiation Enteritis Recovery in Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: A Southwest China Cohort Study.

Purpose: To establish a pragmatic and effective predictive model for monitoring the recovery of radiation enteritis (RE) in cervical cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: This study included 105 cervical cancer patients undergoing CCRT. We assessed baseline clinicopathologic characteristics, evaluated the effects of CCRT on circulating immune cells, tumor biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines, and developed a predictive scoring system, the Immune-Tumor-Score (ITS), using the LASSO-Cox regression model.

Predicting radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer using machine learning and multimodal features: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of machine learning models incorporating multimodal features for predicting radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified through a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from October 2003 to December 2023. Additional studies were located by reviewing bibliographies and relevant websites.

IL-17A's role in exacerbating radiation-induced lung injury: Autophagy impairment via the PP2A-mTOR pathway.

Objective: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a serious complication of radiotherapy, and the role of IL-17A in this process is not well understood. While IL-17A has been shown to modulate autophagy, conflicting reports exist regarding its activation or inhibition of autophagy. This study investigates the role of IL-17A in RILI and its effects on autophagy via the PP2A-mTOR pathway, with a focus on the PP2A B56α subunit.

Innate immune dynamics in the context of multisite EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinoma.

Based on favorable outcomes and decreased propensity for lymph node and distant metastasis, multiple ground-glass nodules (GGNs) are now predominantly recognized as early-stage primary independent lung cancer. In this study, we discuss a case involving a patient with reoperative multifocal GGNs who was ultimately diagnosed with early multiple intrapulmonary metastases and multifocal primary lung cancers. This patient exhibited multisite epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, including the classical L858R, exon 19 deletion and the rare V834L variant.

Liposomal sodium clodronate mitigates radiation-induced lung injury through macrophage depletion.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a severe complication arising from thoracic tumor radiotherapy, which constrains the possibility of increasing radiation dosage. Current RILI therapies provide only limited relief and may result in undesirable side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for effective and low-toxicity treatments for RILI.

Baseline C-reactive protein predicts efficacy of the first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective, multicenter study.

Aims: To investigate the predictive value of baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on the efficacy of chemotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study spanning from January 2016 to December 2020, advanced LSCC patients initially treated with chemotherapy or a combination of chemotherapy and ICI were categorized into normal and elevated CRP subgroups. The relationship between CRP levels and treatment outcomes was analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and multivariate logistic regression, focusing primarily on the progression-free survival (PFS) endpoint, and secondarily on overall survival (OS) and objective response rate (ORR) endpoints.

High-intensity focused ultrasound ablation combined with systemic therapy for unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Objective: Unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) remains a challenging obstacle that often prevents curative treatment. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) as a local adjuvant therapy for systemic chemotherapy for patients with unresectable CRLM. HIFU is a noninvasive method previously demonstrated as efficacious for various solid malignancies.

Toxicity spectrum and risk factors for chemo-immunotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic lung cancer.

Chemo-immunotherapy has become the best first-line treatment for advanced lung cancer patients without oncogenic drivers. However, it may also lead to an increased incidence and severity of treatment-related adverse events. In this retrospective study, lung cancer patients administrated with either anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 treatment plus chemotherapy were included.

Safety and Tolerability of Low-Dose Radiation and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy + Sintilimab for Treatment-Naïve Stage IV PD-L1+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) may enhance the synergistic antitumor effect of combined immunotherapy and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). The safety and efficacy of this novel triple-combination therapy were evaluated for the first time as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: This prospective phase I study enrolled 29 patients and included a dose-escalation and dose-expansion phase.

Pregnancy Zone Protein Serves as a Prognostic Marker and Favors Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a public enemy with a very high incidence and mortality rate, for which there is no specific detectable biomarker. Pregnancy zone protein (PZP) is an immune-related protein; however, the functions of PZP in LUAD are unclear. In this study, a series of bioinformatics methods, combined with immunohistochemistry (IHC), four-color multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry (mIHC), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were utilized to explore the prognostic value and potential role of PZP in LUAD.

Chinese expert consensus recommendations for the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors to special cancer patient populations.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death 1, programmed cell death ligand 1, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 have shown significantly durable clinical benefits and tolerable toxicities and have improved the survival of patients with various types of cancer. Since 2018, the National Medical Products Administration of China has approved 17 ICIs as the standard treatment for certain advanced or metastatic solid tumors. As ICIs represent a broad-spectrum antitumor strategy, the populations eligible for cancer immunotherapy are rapidly expanding.

Efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs in combination with angiogenesis inhibitors as first-line therapy for advanced EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: For patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations, the suggested course of action is epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Even with a high disease control rate, a majority of patients develop acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance and eventually advance. To increase the benefits of treatment, clinical trials are increasingly exploring the value of EGFR-TKIs combined with angiogenesis inhibitors as a first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC carrying EGFR mutations.

Efficacy of radiotherapy in combination with first-line immunotherapy and chemotherapy for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: a propensity score analysis.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy after achieving disease control from the first-line combination therapy of platinum-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).

Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated the patients with advanced LUSC treated with the combination of radiotherapy with immunotherapy and chemotherapy (ICRT group, n = 52) or immunotherapy and chemotherapy (ICT group, n = 63) as the first-line treatment from April 2018 to April 2022. Using propensity score matching (PSM), 50 pairs were created, while the confounders and bias were controlled.

ADAR1 is a prognostic biomarker and is correlated with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates and is usually detected at advanced stages because of the early onset of metastasis. Adenosine deaminase RNA-specific 1 (ADAR1) is an RNA editing enzyme that catalyzes the important physiological process of adenosine-to-inosine editing and has been shown to participate in the progression of LUAD. Increasing evidence has suggested that immune infiltration of the tumor immune microenvironment has prognostic value for most human solid organ malignancies; however, much is unknown about the functions of ADAR1.