Two-dimensional Health State Map to define metabolic health using separated static and dynamic homeostasis features: a proof-of-concept study.

Defining metabolic health is critical for the earlier reversing of metabolic dysfunction and disease, and fasting-based diagnosis may not adequately assess an individual's metabolic adaptivity under stress. We constructed a novel Health State Map (HSM) comprising a Health Phenotype Score (HPS) with fasting features alone and a Homeostatic Resilience Score (HRS) with five time-point features only ( = 30, 60, 90, 180, 240 min) following a standardized mixed macronutrient tolerance test (MMTT). Among 111 Chinese adults, when the same set of fasting and post-MMTT data as for the HSM was used, the mixed-score was highly correlated with the HPS.

Study on Calibration Tests for Interface-Type Earth Pressure Cell Based on Matching Error Analysis.

The stress status of a soil pressure cell placed in soil is very different from its stress state in a uniform fluid medium. The use of the calibration coefficient provided by the soil pressure cell manufacturer will produce a large error. In order to improve the measurement accuracy of the interface-type earth pressure cell placed in soil, this paper focuses on a single-membrane resistive earth pressure cell installed on the surface of a structure, analyzing the influence of loading and unloading cycles, the thickness and particle size of the sand filling, and the depth of the earth pressure cell inserted in the structure on the calibration curve and matching error, which were analyzed through calibration tests.

Polydopamine Nanobowl-Armoured Perfluorocarbon Emulsions: Tracking Thermal- and Photothermal-Induced Phase Change through Neutron Scattering.

Anisotropic polydopamine nanobowls (PDA NBs) show significant promise in biomedicine, distinguished by their unique optical properties and superior cellular uptake compared to spherical nanoparticles. This study presents a novel approach for creating multistimuli-activated PDA NB-armored emulsions, encapsulating perfluorohexane (NB-H) and perfluoropentane (NB-P) cores, with applications in controlled delivery and ultrasound imaging. Thermal and photothermal activation induced distinct responses in the emulsions, as evidenced by optical microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.

Improving Shelf Life and Content of Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Meat of Lambs Fed a Diet Supplemented with Grape Dregs.

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of dietary grape residue levels on the slaughter indicators, meat quality, meat shelf-life, unsaturated fatty acid content, and expression of fatty acid deposition genes in the muscle of lambs. Sixty 30-month-old male Dorper and Small-Tailed Han F1 hybrid lambs were assigned to a single factor complete randomized trial design and fed with four different diets including 0%, 8%, 16%, and 24% grape dregs, respectively. The findings regarding meat production efficacy in the lambs revealed substantial differences.

Arsenic removal from coal by ferric chloride enhanced leaching under ultraviolet irradiation during flue gas desulphurization with coal slurry.

During coal combustion, the harmful element arsenic can be released into environment and cause potential significant harm to human beings. Therefore, it is very important to study the removal of arsenic from coal before combustion. In this work, simulated SO-containing flue gas was used to leach arsenic from coal in a 1 L UV photoreactor.

The effect of breakfast on childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Previous cohort trials have shown that skipping breakfast increases the risk of obesity or overweight in children. However, this finding remains controversial. Through a meta-analysis, this study systematically evaluated the effect of skipping breakfast on the prevalence of obesity or overweight in children.

The characteristics and regulations of adaptive designs from 2008 to 2020: An overview of European Medicines Agency approvals.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and characterize all European Medicines Agency (EMA) approvals derived from adaptive designs in clinical trials and to provide an update of the current status of these drugs.

Materials And Methods: Relevant files were identified in the EMA database for annual reports for the period between 2008 and 2020 using a list of suitable keywords related to adaptive designs. We recorded trial characteristics from drug approvals and used Fisher exact test to compare the characteristics.

Two-dimensional substrate assisted SERS immunosensor for accurate detection of carcinoembryonic antigen.

Accurate and sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is essential for the detection of various diseases in healthcare and the medical field. Currently, due to the high false negative rate of CEA assay in clinical setting and its use as a common indicator for early cancer screening, a novel CEA detection method with high sensitivity, increased specificity and the lower cost has become a clinical challenge. Here, a facile sandwich type immunosensor based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was presented including 4-mercaptobenzonitrile (4MBN) labeled gold core-silver shell nanoparticles (Au@4MBN@Ag NPs) as SERS tag and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (4-MPBA) functionalized two-dimensional (2D) silver nanoparticle film (Ag FM) as SERS capture substrate for CEA detection.

Understanding the viral shedding time of Omicron variant BA.2 infection in Shanghai: A population-based observational study.

Objectives: To explore the multifactorial causality of prolonged viral shedding time and identify different viral shedding trajectories in Omicron BA.2 variant infections.

Methods: The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survivor function, and the Cox proportional hazards model was fitted to identify factors associated with viral shedding time.

Brown adipose tissue-derived exosomes delay fertility decline in aging mice.

Introduction: Ovarian aging has steadily grown to be a significant health issue for women as a result of the increase in average life expectancy and the postponement of reproductive age. One of the important pathological foundations of ovarian aging is formed by mitochondrial dysfunction, which causes decreases in follicle quantity and oocyte quality. In recent years, brown adipose tissue (BAT) transplantation has been proven as an effective treatment for aging-related diseases, such as ovarian aging.

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Outcomes of Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy with Different Types of Dyslipidemia: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.

Introduction: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common glomerulonephritic diseases in the world. Several lines of evidence have suggested that dyslipidemia is related to the disease progression and prognosis of IgAN. However, the study is scarce on the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of IgAN with dyslipidemia.

Effect of metformin on sepsis-associated acute lung injury and gut microbiota in aged rats with sepsis.

Background: Recent studies reported the association between the changes in gut microbiota and sepsis, but there is unclear for the gut microbes on aged sepsis is associated acute lung injury (SALI), and metformin treatment for the change in gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on gut microbiota and SALI in aged rats with sepsis. It also explored the therapeutic mechanism and the effect of metformin on aged rats with SALI.

Structural elucidation of polydopamine facilitated by ionic liquid solvation.

Minimal understanding of the formation mechanism and structure of polydopamine (pDA) and its natural analogue, eumelanin, impedes the practical application of these versatile polymers and limits our knowledge of the origin of melanoma. The lack of conclusive structural evidence stems from the insolubility of these materials, which has spawned significantly diverse suggestions of pDA's structure in the literature. We discovered that pDA is soluble in certain ionic liquids.

A Dynamic Compartmental Model to Explore the Optimal Strategy of Varicella Vaccination: An Epidemiological Study in Jiangsu Province, China.

Varicella (chickenpox) is highly contagious among children and frequently breaks out in schools. In this study, we developed a dynamic compartment model to explore the optimal schedule for varicella vaccination in Jiangsu Province, China. A susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model was proposed to simulate the transmission of varicella in different age groups.

Automatic Multilabel Classification of Multiple Fundus Diseases Based on Convolutional Neural Network With Squeeze-and-Excitation Attention.

Purpose: Automatic multilabel classification of multiple fundus diseases is of importance for ophthalmologists. This study aims to design an effective multilabel classification model that can automatically classify multiple fundus diseases based on color fundus images.

Methods: We proposed a multilabel fundus disease classification model based on a convolutional neural network to classify normal and seven categories of common fundus diseases.

The effect mitigation measures for COVID-19 by a fractional-order SEIHRDP model with individuals migration.

In this paper, the generalized SEIHRDP (susceptible-exposed-infective-hospitalized-recovered-death-insusceptible) fractional-order epidemic model is established with individual migration. Firstly, the global properties of the proposed system are studied. Particularly, the sensitivity of parameters to the basic reproduction number are analyzed both theoretically and numerically.

Mesoporous, anisotropic nanostructures from bioinspired polymeric catecholamine neurotransmitters and their potential application as photoacoustic imaging agents.

Mesoporous polydopamine (PDA) nanobowls, which can be prepared using Pluronic® F-127, ammonia, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB), are one of the most studied anisotropic nanoparticle systems. However, only limited reports on polymerised analogues polynorepinephrine (PNE) and polyepinephrine (PEP) exist. Herein, we present modifications to a one-pot, soft template method, originally applied to make PDA nanobowls, to fabricate new shape-anisotropic nanoparticles (mesoporous nanospheres or "nano-golf balls" and nanobowls) using PNE and PEP for the first time.

Screening target genes for the treatment of PCOS via analysis of single-cell sequencing data.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition of the female reproductive system and it remains imperative to identify target genes responsible for its pathogenesis and develop therapeutic drugs capable of effectively treating it.

Methods: We performed primary screening, staging, functional analysis as well as screening of target genes and therapeutic drugs based on single cell sequencing data of 34 oocytes from the GEO database.

Results: Oxidative phosphorylation played a pivotal role in the development of oocytes, insulin resistance and ovulation disorders.

High-coverage targeted lipidomics could reveal lipid alterations and evaluate therapeutic efficacy of membranous nephropathy.

Background: Membrane nephropathy (MN) often presents as nephrotic syndrome with characteristic lipid metabolism that could not be explained by lipid indicators commonly used in clinical practice. Studies have shown that invigorating spleen and qi, activating blood and detoxication in the treatment of MN is an effective method proved by randomized controlled clinical trial. However, the alterations of lipid profile before and after traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment and the related lipid markers that affect the therapeutic effect have not been fully clarified.

Automatic generation of retinal optical coherence tomography images based on generative adversarial networks.

Significance: The automatic generation algorithm of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images based on generative adversarial networks (GAN) can generate a large number of simulation images by a relatively small number of real images, which can effectively improve the classification performance.

Aim: We proposed an automatic generation algorithm for retinal OCT images based on GAN to alleviate the problem of insufficient images with high quality in deep learning, and put the diagnosis algorithm toward clinical application.

Approach: We designed a generation network based on GAN and trained the network with a data set constructed by 2014_BOE_Srinivasan and OCT2017 to acquire three models.

Recent developments in polynorepinephrine: an innovative material for bioinspired coatings and colloids.

While applications of polydopamine (PDA) are exponentially growing, research concerning the closely related neurotransmitter derivative polynorepinephrine (PNE) is in paucity, even though norepinephrine shares dopamine's ability to self-polymerize and form a coating film that is nearly substrate-agnostic. In this review, we demonstrate that PNE can be used as an alternative to PDA with equal or ever superior performance. PNE offers a thinner and smoother coating surface and thus is capable of more effectively resisting fouling by biofoulants, enhancing cell adhesion capability, surface hydrophilicity and biomolecule immobilisation.

Intravenous Lidocaine Significantly Reduces the Propofol Dose in Elderly Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Propofol-based sedation has been widely used for gastroscopy, but the risk of respiratory suppression in elderly patients should not be overlooked. Intravenous (IV) lidocaine during surgery can reduce the demand for propofol and the incidence of cardiopulmonary complications. We examined whether IV lidocaine reduces the dose of propofol and the occurrence of adverse events during gastroscopy in elderly patients.

Spatial characteristics of VOCs and their ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potentials in autumn and winter in the Guanzhong Plain, China.

As critical precursors of tropospheric ozone (O) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) largely influence air quality in urban environments. In this study, measurements of 102 VOCs at all five major cities in the Guanzhong Plain (GZP) were conducted during Sep.09-Oct.