Hybridization Design and High-Throughput Screening of Peptides with Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activities.

With the increasing recognition of the role of immunomodulation and oxidative stress in various diseases, designing peptides with both immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study, a hybridization design was applied as a powerful method to obtain multifunctional peptides. A total of 40 peptides with potential immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities were designed and screened.

Developing Orthogonal Fluorescent RNAs for Photoactive Dual-Color Imaging of RNAs in Live Cells.

Fluorogenic RNA aptamers have revolutionized the visualization of RNAs within complex cellular processes. A representative category of them employs the derivatives of green fluorescent protein chromophore, 4-hydroxybenzlidene imidazolinone (HBI), as chromophores. However, the structural homogeneity of their chromophoric backbones causes severe cross-reactivity with other homologous chromophores.

Broad-based targeted lipidomic analysis of dental fluorosis population in an adult population.

Dental fluorosis, as a common chronic fluoride toxicity oral disease, is mainly caused by long-term excessive intake of fluoride, which seriously affects the aesthetics and function of patients' teeth. In recent years, with the rapid development of metabolomics technology, lipidomics, as an important means to study the changes in lipid metabolism in organisms, has shown great potential in revealing the mechanisms of disease development. As a major component of cell membranes and a signaling molecule, metabolic disorders of lipids are closely related to a variety of diseases, but the specific mechanism of action in dental fluorosis is still unclear.

Pleiotropic Effects of PCSK9 Inhibitors on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and ischemic stroke (IS) are the primary causes of mortality worldwide. Hypercholesterolemia has been recognized as an independent risk factor for CVD and IS. Numerous clinical trials have unequivocally demonstrated that reducing levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) significantly mitigates the risk of both cardiac and cerebral vascular events, thereby enhancing patient prognosis.

Nucleoside hydrogel-modified cell subtype biosensor with antifouling and electroconductive properties.

The point-of-care testing (POCT) of electrochemical biosensors is hindered by biofouling and signal sensitivity. Sometimes the antifouling strategies were used by decreasing the electroconductivity. Addressing the conductivity-antifouling trade-off in electrochemical sensors, we synthesized a novel conductive and antifouling nucleoside hydrogel (C-Ag-C hydrogel).

Dataset for identifying paracentral acute middle maculopathy lesions in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images.

This paper introduces a comprehensive dataset of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images of human eyes affected by paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM). Acquired with an SD-OCT device (Optovue, Fremont, California, USA), the dataset includes 133 OCT images of lesions. Each image is paired with a corresponding YOLO label in TXT format, representing manually annotated lesion regions of PAMM, created with the assistance of ophthalmologists.

Erratum: Author correction to "Identification of anthelmintic parbendazole as a therapeutic molecule for HNSCC through connectivity map-based drug repositioning" [Acta Pharm Sin B 12 (2022) 2429-2442].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.

Construction of a circularly polarized luminescence sensor based on self-assembly of carbon dots and G-quartet chiral nanofibers.

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) is a fascinating luminescence phenomenon that has garnered significant research attention for chiroptical applications. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive chiroptical sensor by co-assembling G-quartet nanofibers and nonchiral nitrogen sulfur-doped carbon dots (N-S-CDs) for dual ion detection. The N-S-CDs were synthesized using the one-step microwave method, and a helical G-quartet-based nanofiber structure (g-fiber) was simultaneously formed from guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) in the presence of Sr.

Visual comfort models based on coloured text and neutral background combinations.

Reading on mobile phones can cause visual discomfort, negatively affecting visual health. Most studies have focused on neutral text-background combinations, with limited validation for coloured text-background combinations. This study investigates the impact of coloured text on neutral backgrounds and the colour difference between text and background on visual comfort during digital reading.

Apigenin inhibits epithelial mesenchymal transition in renal tubular epithelial cells through PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways for treating renal fibrosis.

Renal fibrosis is a crucial factor in the progression of chronic kidney diseases. Previous studies have suggested that apigenin (API) has potential in ameliorating renal fibrosis, but its therapeutic mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which API treats renal fibrosis using network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Innovative Approaches to Large-Area Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication Using Slit Coating.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining prominence in the photovoltaic industry due to their exceptional photoelectric performance and low manufacturing costs, achieving a significant power conversion efficiency of 26.4%, which closely rivals that of silicon solar cells. Despite substantial advancements, the effective area of high-efficiency PSCs is typically limited to about 0.

Peptide TaY Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Interacting with Myeloid Differentiation 2 and Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

A balanced inflammatory response is crucial for the organism to defend against external infections, however, an exaggerated response may lead to detrimental effects, including tissue damage and even the onset of disease. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs are essential for the rational control of inflammation. In this study, we found that a previously screened peptide TaY (KEKKEVVEYGPSSYGYG) was able to inhibit the LPS-induced RAW264.

SDBS-AEO Mixture for Triton X-100 Replacement: Surface Activity and Application in Biosensors.

Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a commonly used surfactant in the manufacture of biosensors. The factors limiting the use of TX-100 in biosensors are environmental concerns. In this study, the binary system of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethlene ether (AEO) was investigated from the physicochemical principle of surfactant interaction and its application in biosensors.

Visual rehabilitation using rigid gas permeable contact lenses after femtosecond laser-assisted minimally invasive lamellar keratoplasty in patients with keratoconus.

This study aims to observe the clinical efficacy and safety of rigid gas permeable corneal contact lenses (RGP-CLs) wearing after femtosecond laser-assisted minimally invasive lamellar keratoplasty (FL-MILK) in progressive and advanced keratoconus eyes. Twenty-five patients (27 eyes) fitted with RGP-CLs after FL-MILK were enrolled, and 22 grading-matched keratoconus patients (23 eyes) as a control group. Corneal morphological data, diopter, best corrected vision, corneal endothelium, non-invasive tear film rupture time (NIBUT), corneal perception and comfort questionnaire were analysed before and after wearing RGP-CLs.

Exploring the mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction in the treatment of myocardial infarction: A systematic review, network pharmacology, and molecular docking.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide because of its high morbidity and mortality. Traditional Chinese Medicine compounds play a crucial role in preventing cardiovascular diseases. Danggui Sini Decoction (DSD) is widely used clinically for cardiovascular diseases.

The interplay between host-specificity and habitat-filtering influences sea cucumber microbiota across an environmental gradient of pollution.

Environmental gradients can influence morpho-physiological and life-history differences in natural populations. It is unclear, however, to what extent such gradients can also modulate phenotypic differences in other organismal characteristics such as the structure and function of host-associated microbial communities. In this work, we addressed this question by assessing intra-specific variation in the diversity, structure and function of environmental-associated (sediment and water) and animal-associated (skin and gut) microbiota along an environmental gradient of pollution in one of the most urbanized coastal areas in the world.

Systemic immune-inflammation and prognostic immune nutritional index in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.

To investigate the systemic immune-inflammation index and prognostic immune nutritional index in the prognostic evaluation of oral squamous cell carcinoma. We analyzed retrospectively the relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index, prognostic immune nutritional index and clinicopathological variables and the overall survival of 262 patients who underwent radical surgery. Multivariate analysis showed high systemic immune-inflammation index (Hazard ratio = 3.

Nitrogen source and availability regulate plastic population dynamics in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii.

Variation in nitrogen (N) availability significantly influences population dynamics and the productivity of marine phytoplankton. As N availability in the ocean is conditioned by the N source, it is important to understand the capacity of phytoplankton organisms to adjust their physiology and dynamics under different N conditions. We investigated the growth dynamics of Thalassiosira weissflogii, a coastal diatom, in response to different N sources (Nitrate, NO; Ammonium, NH; urea, CHNO) and availabilities (45 and 5 μM).

Discovery of novel 20S proteasome subunit β5 PROTAC degraders as potential therapeutics for pharyngeal carcinoma and Bortezomib-resistant multiple myeloma.

Resistance to proteasome inhibitors like Bortezomib is a major challenge in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), an emerging therapeutic approach that induces selective degradation of target proteins, offer a promising solution to overcome drug resistance. In this study, we designed and synthesized novel small-molecule PROTACs that induce 20S proteasome subunit β5 degradation as a strategy to overcome Bortezomib resistance.

Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals the effects and mechanisms of Jinqi Jiangtang tablets on type 2 diabetes.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is one of the major metabolic diseases and poses a serious challenge to human life and global economic development. Jinqi Jiangtang Tablets (JQJT) is effective in ameliorating the effects of T2DM, but the mechanism of JQJT is unclear.

Purpose: This study integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics to reveal the mechanism by which JQJT improves T2DM.