Xanthohumol ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting of NF-κB signaling pathways and modulating intestinal microbiota.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xanthohumol (XN), an isoprenylated flavonoid natural product found only in hops, possesses a variety of biological activities such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-obesity.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of XN on the treatment of colitis.

Materials And Methods: First, acute colitis was induced by using distilled water containing 3% DSS for 10 consecutive days.

Cepharanthine inhibits African swine fever virus replication by suppressing AKT-associated pathways through disrupting Hsp90-Cdc37 complex.

African swine fever (ASF) represents one of the most economically important viral infectious diseases in the swine industry worldwide. Presently, there is an absence of commercially available therapeutic drugs and safe vaccines. Cepharanthine (CEP), one of the naturally occurring bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, has been approved as a drug to treat various diseases such as leukopenia, bronchial asthma, and snake bites for 70 years in Japan.

The fate of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in Large-Scale chicken farm Environments: Preliminary view of the performance of National veterinary Antimicrobial use reduction Action in Guangdong, China.

In 2018, China implemented the Veterinary Antimicrobial Use Reduction Action to curb the rapid development of antibiotic resistance (AR). However, the AR-related pollutions in animal farms after the reduction policy has been poorly investigated. Here, we performed a comprehensive investigation combining UPLC-MS/MS, metagenomic, and bacterial genomic analyses in eight representative large-scale chicken farms in Guangdong, China.

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of LN002, a new compound alternative oxidase inhibitor against in rats.

Cryptosporidiosis is considered a crucial zoonotic disease caused by widely distributing parasitic protozoa called spp. Nitazoxanide is the only FDA-approved drug but is only effective with a good immune response of the host. In addressing this unmet medical need, we previously identified a compound, namely, LN002, as a potent alternative oxidase inhibitor against cryptosporidiosis.

Research Note: Synergistic effect of isopropoxy benzene guanidine and colistin against mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli in vitro and in duck intestine infection models.

Colistin (CST) is considered as "agent of last resort" against gram-negative bacteria as feed additive. Its clinical effectiveness has reduced since the emergence of mcr-1 gene in ducks. Isopropoxy benzene guanidine (IBG), a new guanidine derivative, showed positive effects on improving animal weights and alleviating intestinal pathogens, therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of this compound supplement with CST in ducks and explore the possibilities in feed additive.

Rapid Dissemination of Gene among Carbapenem-Resistant Isolates in a Yellow-Feather Broiler Farm via Multiple Plasmid Replicon.

Although carbapenems have not been approved for animal use, carbapenem-resistant (CREC) strains are increasingly being detected in food-producing animals, posing a significant public health risk. However, the epidemiological characteristics of CREC isolates in yellow-feather broiler farms remain unclear. We comprehensively investigated the genetic features of carbapenem-resistance genes among isolates recovered from a yellow-feather broiler farm in Guangdong province, China.

Characterization of Phage P1-CTX and the Potential Mechanism Underlying the Acquisition of the Gene.

The P1 phage has garnered attention as a carrier of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in Enterobacteriaceae. However, the transferability of ARGs by P1-like phages carrying ARGs, in addition to the mechanism underlying ARG acquisition, remain largely unknown. In this study, we elucidated the biological characteristics, the induction and transmission abilities, and the acquisition mechanism of the gene in the P1 phage.

pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic of hexahydrocolupulone against in broiler chickens.

The economic impact of necrotizing enteritis (NE) resulting from infection has been significant within the broiler industry. This study primarily investigated the antibacterial efficacy of hexahydrocolupulone against , and its pharmacokinetics within the ileal contents of broiler chickens. Additionally, a dosing regimen was developed based on the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model specific to broiler chickens.

Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of Pleuromutilin Derivatives Containing Thiazole.

In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of pleuromutilin derivatives containing thiazole. The antimicrobial efficacy of these synthesized compounds was examined by using four strains. Compared with tiamulin (MIC = 0.

Antibiotic Residues, Antimicrobial Resistance and Intervention Strategies of Foodborne Pathogens.

The primary determinant of human health is undoubtedly safe food [...

The synergistic antibacterial activity and mechanism of colistin-oxethazaine combination against gram-negative pathogens.

Background: The rapid spread of bacteria with plasmid-mediated resistance to antibiotics poses a serious threat to public health. The search for potential compounds that can increase the antibacterial activity of existing antibiotics is a promising strategy for addressing this issue.

Methods: Synergistic activity of the FDA-approved agent oxethazine combined with colistin was investigated using checkerboard assays and time-kill curves.

Phage-inspired strategies to combat antibacterial resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinically priority pathogensis now a major threat to public health worldwide. Phages are bacterial parasites that efficiently infect or kill specific strains and represent the most abundant biological entities on earth, showing great attraction as potential antibacterial therapeutics in combating AMR. This review provides a summary of phage-inspired strategies to combat AMR.

Bavachin Rejuvenates Sensitivity of Colistin against Colistin-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.

The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance threatens the efficacy of colistin as a last-resort antibiotic used to treat infection caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Given the shortage of new antibiotics, the discovery of adjuvants to existing antibiotics is a promising strategy to combat infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) GNB. This study was designed to investigate the potential synergistic antibacterial activity of bavachin, a bioactive compound extracted from the Psoralea Fructus, combined with colistin against MDR GNB.

Lateral Flow Biosensor for On-Site Multiplex Detection of Viruses Based on One-Step Reverse Transcription and Strand Displacement Amplification.

Respiratory pathogens pose a huge threat to public health, especially the highly mutant RNA viruses. Therefore, reliable, on-site, rapid diagnosis of such pathogens is an urgent need. Traditional assays such as nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) have good sensitivity and specificity, but these assays require complex sample pre-treatment and a long test time.

Antibacterial activity of isopropoxy benzene guanidine against .

is an important pathogen in waterfowl, leading to substantial economic losses. In recent years, there has been a notable escalation in the drug resistance rate of Consequently, there is an imperative need to expedite the development of novel antibacterial medications to effectively manage the infection caused by . This study investigated the and antibacterial activities of a novel substituted benzene guanidine analog, namely, isopropoxy benzene guanidine (IBG), against by using the microdilution method, time-killing curve, and a pericarditis model.

Core and variable antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs.

Monitoring the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) is vital for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Despite its importance, the characterization of ARGs and microbiome structures, as well as the identification of indicators for routine ARG monitoring in pig farms, are still lacking, particularly concerning variations in antimicrobial exposure in different countries or regions. Here, metagenomics and random forest machine learning were used to elucidate the ARG profiles, microbiome structures, and ARG contamination indicators in pig manure under different antimicrobial pressures between China and Europe.

Application of a rapid and sensitive RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay for naked-eye detection of Haemophilus parasuis.

Background: Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis) is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen that causes severe infections in swine, resulting in substantial economic losses. Currently, the majority of H.

Preparation and Antimicrobial Activity of a Film-Forming Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Teat Disinfectant.

Bovine mastitis caused by infectious pathogens can lead to a decline in production performance and an increase in elimination rate, resulting in huge losses to the dairy industry. This study aims to prepare a novel dairy cow teat disinfectant with polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) as the main bactericidal component and to evaluate its bactericidal activity in vitro and its disinfection effect in dairy cow teats. PHMB disinfectant with a concentration of 3 g/L was prepared with PVA-1788, propylene glycol and glycerol as excipients.

Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of milbemycin oxime and praziquantel in plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study in cats.

Introduction: Milbemycin oxime (MBO) and praziquantel (PZQ) have a broad spectrum of biological activity and are commonly used to treat the parasitic infection in the veterinary clinic. In this study, a fast and efficient LC-MS/MS method was established and validated for the simultaneous determination of MBO, PZQ, cis-4-hydroxylated-PZQ (C-4-OH-PZQ) and trans-4-hydroxylated-PZQ (T-4-OH-PZQ) and in cat plasma.

Methods: Extraction of analytes and internal standards from cat plasma by acetonitrile protein precipitation, allows rapid processing of large batches of samples.

Evaluating the Antibacterial and Antivirulence Activities of Floxuridine against .

is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that can cause fatal diseases such as meningitis and sepsis in pigs and human beings. The overuse of antibiotics is leading to an increased level of resistance in , and novel antimicrobial agents or anti-virulence agents for the treatment of infections caused by are urgently needed. In the present study, we investigated the antibacterial activity, mode of action and anti-virulence effects of floxuridine against .

The occurrence and contamination of optrA-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from duck farms in Guangdong, China.

Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is an important zoonotic microorganism that increasingly causes public health concern worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and transmission of S.

Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of novel pleuromutilin derivatives containing substituted benzoxazole as antibacterial agents.

A series of pleuromutilin analogs containing substituted benzoxazole were designed, synthesised, and assessed for their antibacterial activity both and . The MIC of the synthesised derivatives was initially assessed using the broth dilution method against four strains of (MRSA ATCC 43300, ATCC 29213, clinical isolation of AD3 and 144). Most of the synthesised derivatives displayed prominent activity (MIC ≤ 0.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives containing benzimidazoles as effective anti-MRSA agents.

A series of pleuromutilin derivatives containing benzimidazole were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antibacterial activities against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in this study. The in vitro antibacterial activities of the synthesized derivatives against four strains of S. aureus (MRSA ATCC 43300, S.