High-purity magnesium screws modulate macrophage polarization during the tendon-bone healing process in the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rabbit model.

Magnesium (Mg) screws perform clinical potential in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and promote fibrocartilaginous entheses regeneration at the femoral entrance. We aim to prove that high-purity Magnesium (HP Mg) screws modulate macrophage polarization in fibrocartilage interface regeneration both and . HP Mg extracts performed good cytocompatibility and significantly promoted M2 macrophage polarization in the flow cytometry and ELISA assays.

Cancellous bone allograft is comparable to fibular strut allograft for augmentation in three- or four-part proximal humeral fractures.

Background: Bone grafts have been used for augmentation and improving stability of reduced fractures in proximal humeral fractures. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and radiological outcomes after the use of cancellous bone allografts (CAs) for augmentation in 3- or 4-part proximal humeral fractures, and compare with fibular strut allografts (FAs).

Methods: Between November 2016 and February 2018, 55 patients, followed for at least 1 year, with 3- or 4-part proximal humeral fractures fixed with locking plates were included and grouped according to the type of allograft bone used for augmentation.

All-Trans Retinoic Acid Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation and Bone Consolidation in a Rat Distraction Osteogenesis Model.

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is used to treat specific disorders associated with growth abnormalities and/or loss of bone stock secondary to trauma or disease. However, a high rate of complications and discomfort hamper its further application in clinical practice. Here, we investigated the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and bone consolidation in a rat DO model.

All-trans retinoic acid improves the viability of ischemic skin flaps in diabetic rat models.

Aims: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a critical role in neovascularization, which enhances proliferation under all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment. However, the effects of ATRA on the skin flap survival in diabetic flap ischemia remains unknown.

Methods: Ischemic random skin flaps were made in 40 diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats with 20 normal rats used as control in this study.

Baicalin alleviates osteomyelitis by regulating TLR2 in the murine model.

Osteomyelitis is an inflammation of bone caused by invading organisms. TLR2, inflammatory cytokines and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway are involved in osteomyelitis. Baicalin, the major active constituent of the isolated root of Scutellaria lateriflora Georgi, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects.