Characterization of Phage P1-CTX and the Potential Mechanism Underlying the Acquisition of the Gene.

The P1 phage has garnered attention as a carrier of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in Enterobacteriaceae. However, the transferability of ARGs by P1-like phages carrying ARGs, in addition to the mechanism underlying ARG acquisition, remain largely unknown. In this study, we elucidated the biological characteristics, the induction and transmission abilities, and the acquisition mechanism of the gene in the P1 phage.

Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of Pleuromutilin Derivatives Containing Thiazole.

In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of pleuromutilin derivatives containing thiazole. The antimicrobial efficacy of these synthesized compounds was examined by using four strains. Compared with tiamulin (MIC = 0.

Core and variable antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut microbiomes of Chinese and European pigs.

Monitoring the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) is vital for addressing the global crisis of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Despite its importance, the characterization of ARGs and microbiome structures, as well as the identification of indicators for routine ARG monitoring in pig farms, are still lacking, particularly concerning variations in antimicrobial exposure in different countries or regions. Here, metagenomics and random forest machine learning were used to elucidate the ARG profiles, microbiome structures, and ARG contamination indicators in pig manure under different antimicrobial pressures between China and Europe.

Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of novel pleuromutilin derivatives containing substituted benzoxazole as antibacterial agents.

A series of pleuromutilin analogs containing substituted benzoxazole were designed, synthesised, and assessed for their antibacterial activity both and . The MIC of the synthesised derivatives was initially assessed using the broth dilution method against four strains of (MRSA ATCC 43300, ATCC 29213, clinical isolation of AD3 and 144). Most of the synthesised derivatives displayed prominent activity (MIC ≤ 0.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives containing benzimidazoles as effective anti-MRSA agents.

A series of pleuromutilin derivatives containing benzimidazole were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antibacterial activities against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in this study. The in vitro antibacterial activities of the synthesized derivatives against four strains of S. aureus (MRSA ATCC 43300, S.

Synergistic Effects of Capric Acid and Colistin against Colistin-Susceptible and Colistin-Resistant .

Colistin is a last-line antibiotic against Gram-negative pathogens. However, the emergence of colistin resistance has substantially reduced the clinical effectiveness of colistin. In this study, synergy between colistin and capric acid was examined against twenty-one Gram-negative bacterial isolates (four colistin-susceptible and seventeen colistin-resistant).

Identification of the Multiresistance Gene in Oxazolidinone-Susceptible and of Pig and Feed Origins.

Previous studies on the prevalence and transmission mechanism of oxazolidinone resistance gene in CoNS are lacking, which this study addresses. By screening 763 CoNS isolates from different sources of several livestock farms in Guangdong, China, 2018-2020, we identified that the was present in seven CoNS isolates of pig and feed origins. Species identification and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) confirmed that seven -positive CoNS isolates were composed of five ST64- and two isolates.

Emergence of in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from Companion Animals in Guangzhou, China.

The occurrence and characterization of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from companion animals in Guangzhou, China, are investigated. Six isolates (2.3%, 6/257) were positive for , that is, one , one , and four .

Biofilm Production Ability, Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in from Various Veterinary Hospitals.

() is one of the most clinically important zoonotic pathogens, but an understanding of the prevalence, biofilm formulation ability, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance genes of from veterinary hospitals is lacking. By characterizing in different origins of veterinary hospitals in Guangzhou, China, in 2019, we identified with the presence of in pets (17.1%), veterinarians (31.

Environmental remodeling of human gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome in livestock farms.

Anthropogenic environments have been implicated in enrichment and exchange of antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria. Here we study the impact of confined and controlled swine farm environments on temporal changes in the gut microbiome and resistome of veterinary students with occupational exposure for 3 months. By analyzing 16S rRNA and whole metagenome shotgun sequencing data in tandem with culture-based methods, we show that farm exposure shapes the gut microbiome of students, resulting in enrichment of potentially pathogenic taxa and antimicrobial resistance genes.

Clonal Spread of ST93 Carrying -Harboring IncN1-IncHI2/ST3 Plasmid Among Companion Animals, China.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion animals in Guangzhou, China. Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 180 samples collected from cats and dogs were screened for by PCR and sequencing. MCR-1-producing isolates were further characterized by multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).

Evolution and Comparative Genomics of F33:A-:B- Plasmids Carrying or in and Isolated from Animals, Food Products, and Humans in China.

To understand the underlying evolution process of F33:A-:B- plasmids among isolates of various origins in China, the complete sequences of 17 -harboring F33:A-:B- plasmids obtained from and isolates from different sources (animals, animal-derived food, and human clinics) in China were determined. F33:A-:B- plasmids shared similar plasmid backbones comprising replication, leading, and conjugative transfer regions and differed by the numbers of repeats in and and by the presence of group II intron, except that pHNAH9 lacked a large segment of the leading and transfer regions. The variable regions of F33:A-B- plasmids were distinct and were inserted downstream of the addiction system /, identified as the integration hot spot among F33:A-B- plasmids.

Characterization of in Isolates from Animals, Retail Meat, and Human Patients in Guangzhou, China.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic elements of among isolates from animals, retail meat, and humans (patients with infection or colonization) in Guangzhou, China. A total of 1,354 isolates were screened for by PCR. Fifty -positive isolates were further characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), S1-PFGE, genetic environment analysis, plasmid replicon typing, and plasmid sequencing.

Integrated pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of Marbofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida in piglets.

Background: Marbofloxacin is a veterinary fluoroquinolone with high activity against Pasteurella multocida. We evaluated it's in vivo activity against P. multocida based on in vivo time-kill data in swine using a tissue-cage model.

The role of wildlife (wild birds) in the global transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes.

Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent global health challenge in human and veterinary medicine. Wild animals are not directly exposed to clinically relevant antibiotics; however, antibacterial resistance in wild animals has been increasingly reported worldwide in parallel to the situation in human and veterinary medicine. This underlies the complexity of bacterial resistance in wild animals and the possible interspecies transmission between humans, domestic animals, the environment, and wildlife.

Distribution of in spp. and Strains from Pig Farms in China and Characterization of a Novel -Carrying F43:A-:B- Plasmid.

The multi-resistance gene is widely distributed among various gram-positive and gram-negative species in livestock in China. To better understand the epidemiology of among spp. and isolates, 254 spp.

Impact of plasmid-borne oqxAB on the development of fluoroquinolone resistance and bacterial fitness in Escherichia coli.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of plasmid-borne oqxAB genes on the development of fluoroquinolone resistance, mutations and bacterial fitness in Escherichia coli .

Methods: MICs and mutation prevention concentrations were compared among E. coli strain TOP10 and two corresponding transformants harbouring the OqxAB-encoding plasmids.

Characterization of a P1-like bacteriophage carrying CTX-M-27 in Salmonella spp. resistant to third generation cephalosporins isolated from pork in China.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the epidemiology of third generation cephalosporin resistant Samonella isolates from pork of a slaughterhouse in China and the features of transferable elements carrying bla genes. One hundred and twenty-six (7.3%) Salmonella isolates were identified; S.

In Vitro Development of Ciprofloxacin Resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis, and Indiana Isolates from Food Animals.

Difference in the development of resistance may be associated with the epidemiological spread and drug resistance of different Salmonella enterica serovar strains. In the present study, three susceptible S. enterica serovars, Typhimurium (ST), Enteritidis (SE), and Indiana (SI) strains, were subjected to stepwise selection with increasing ciprofloxacin concentrations.

CTX-M-27 Producing Salmonella enterica Serotypes Typhimurium and Indiana Are Prevalent among Food-Producing Animals in China.

Salmonella spp. is one of the most important food-borne pathogens causing digestive tract and invasive infections in both humans and animals. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) especially the CTX-M-type ESBLs are increasingly being reported worldwide and in China.

Co-prevalance of PMQR and 16S rRNA methylase genes in clinical Escherichia coli isolates with high diversity of CTX-M from diseased farmed pigeons.

In the present study, we determined the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli isolated from diseased farmed pigeons in China. A total of 71 E. coli isolates were collected from three pigeon farms from 2011 to 2012 and screened for the presence of the ESBL genes.