[Chemical constituents from Cinnamomi Ramulus decoction].

Six compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of Cinnamomi Ramulus decoction by RP-18, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, together with prep-HPLC methods. Based on HR-ESI-MS, MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral analyses, the structures of the six compounds were identified as 4,5,10,11-tetrahydroxybisabol-7-ene(1), 4,5,10,11-tetrahydroxybisabolin(2), 1-phenyl-1,2,3-glycerol(3),(+)-lyoniresinol(4), benzoic acid(5), and decumbic acid(6). Compound 1 was a new bisabolene-type sesquiterpene, and compounds 2 and 3 were isolated from the Cinnamomi Ramulus for the first time.

The vascular protective effects of Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharose under high glucose conditions.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Anoectochilus roxburghii has been used as a health food and a herb for treatment diabetes in China for hundreds years. Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharose (ARP) is the major active component of the plant.

Aim Of The Study: The present study investigated the vascular protection of ARP in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Protection of kinsenoside against AGEs-induced endothelial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Aims: Kinsenoside is the major ingredient of Anoectochilus roxburghii which is a traditional Chinese herb using for the treatment of diabetes. The present study investigated the safety and vascular protection of kinsenoside related to advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the underlying mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: HUVECs were pre-incubated with AGEs (200μg/mL) for 1h, and then co-treated with different concentrations of kinsenoside (10-30μg/mL) for another 48h.

Leaching heavy metals from the surface soil of reclaimed tidal flat by alternating seawater inundation and air drying.

Leaching experiments were conducted in a greenhouse to simulate seawater leaching combined with alternating seawater inundation and air drying. We investigated the heavy metal release of soils caused by changes associated with seawater inundation/air drying cycles in the reclaimed soils. After the treatment, the contents of all heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, and Cu), except Zn, in surface soil significantly decreased (P < 0.

The renal protective effects of Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharose on diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. 1832 is an herbal medicine used to treat diabetes in China.

Antihyperglycemic activity of Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharose in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Anoectochilus roxburghii is a traditional Chinese herb used for treatment of diabetes and some other diseases. Anoectochilus roxburghii polysaccharose (ARP) is the main constituent of Anoectochilus roxburghii. The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effects of ARP in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.

The semisynthetic spin-labelled derivatives of 3-hydroxybutanolide as potential oxidative stress inhibitors.

To obtain more accessible oxidative stress inhibitors, a series of novel spin-labelled derivatives of 3-hydroxybutanolide (2a-d, 3a-d) with the natural active compound (kinsenoside) as the lead compound were designed, synthesised from the nitroxide free radical piperidine (pyrroline) and the main structural unit of kinsenoside: 3-hydroxybutanolide. Antioxidant activity screening of these derivatives was performed using MTT method on rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. The antioxidative stress effect was further investigated on the changes of the important antioxidant enzyme activities and intracellular reactive oxygen species production.

The vascular protective properties of kinsenoside isolated from Anoectochilus roxburghii under high glucose condition.

Anoectochilus roxburghii is a traditional Chinese herb used for the treatment of diabetes and some other diseases. The vascular protective effect of its major active ingredient, kinsenoside, in high glucose conditions was investigated in in vivo and in vitro experiments. In in vivo tests, kinsenoside (50 and 100mg/kg) efficiently lowered blood glucose and cholesterol levels and it enhanced the oxidation resistance of diabetic mice induced by streptozotocin.

Radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of active quinic acid derivatives from Scorzonera divaricata roots.

Five new quinic acid derivatives and two known 3-O-feruloylquinic acids were isolated from the roots of Scorzonera divaricata Turcz. The new compounds were elucidated as (-)-1,4-di-O-feruloyl-3-O-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid, (-)-1-O-feruloyl-4-O- dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid, (-)-3,5-di-O-feruloylquinic acid, (-)-1-O-feruloyl-3-O-dihydro- caffeoylquinic acid, and (-)-1-O-feruloyl-5-O-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid based on extensive spectroscopic studies, including one- and two-dimensional NMR, HRESIMS, UV, and IR results. Five compounds were assessed for antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH radical-scavenging assays and for their cytotoxicity against HL-60 and Hep-G2 cell lines by the MTT assay.

Anti-HSV activity of camptothecin analogues.

In order to explore the range of biological activities of the camptothecin compound class, the in vitro antiviral efficacies of series I-IV of representative members from camptothecin analogues on herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) were evaluated on vero cells. Several compounds exhibited similar or better antiviral activity against HSV-2 in vitro than acyclovir. Among them, compound 6 showed the highest anti-HSV-2 activity, with IC(50) values of 1.

The phenylpropanoids of Aster flaccidus.

Aster flaccidus bge has been used as traditional medicine in northwestern China. Two new phenylpropanoids (1-2) including one lignan: (7'R, 8S)-9'-lariciresinol-(alpha-methyl)-butanoate (1), 5,9-dimethoxyl-7-(alpha-methyl)-butanoxyl-phenyl-2E-propenol-(alpha-methyl)-butanoate (2) isolated from the chloroform extract of the root of Aster flaccidus bge were identified by means of extensive spectroscopic studies: 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as HRMS analysis. They have not obvious anti-HIV-1 therapeutic activity (TI=1.

HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS separation, determination and identification of the spin-labeled diastereoisomers of podophyllotoxin.

Spin-labeled nitroxide derivatives of podophyllotoxin had better antitumor activity and less toxicity than that of the parent compounds. However, the 2-H configurations of these spin-labeled derivatives cannot be determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods. In the present paper, a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS/MS) method were developed and validated for the separation, identification of four pairs of diastereoisomers of spin-labeled derivatives of podophyllotoxin at C-2 position.

[Study on steroids of Cacalia tangutica].

Seven steroids and two cumarins were isolated from the petroleum ether extract of the specie Cacalia tangutica of the family Compositae which were collected in Minhe county, Qinhai province of China. The structures were identified as Stigmast4-en-3beta, 6beta-diol (1), 24-ethyl-5alpha-cholestane-3beta, 5, 6beta-triol (2), 7beta- methoxy-stigmast-5-en-3beta-ol (3), Schleicherastatin 1 (4), Stigmast-5-en-3beta, 7alpha-diol (5), umbelliferone (6) and hydrangetin (7) by the means of chemical and modern spectroscopic analysis (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT). The compounds 1-5 were isolated from Cacalia tangutica for the first time.

[Phenolic components from Rhodiola dumulosa].

Eight phenolic compounds (1-7) were isolated from the methanol extract of the root of Rhodiola dumulosa. Their structures were identified as kaemperol (1), Quercetin (2), Gallic acid (3), (+) -Isolariciresinol-3alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), (-)-Isolariciresinol-3alpha-O-beta-D-glucopyra-noside (5), kaemperol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-7-alpha-O-L-rhamnoside (6), rutin (7) respectively on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. The compounds 3-7 were isolated from R.

Six new sesquiterpenes from Euonymus nanoides and their antitumor effects.

Six new dihydro-beta-agarofuran [5,11-epoxy-5beta,10alpha-eudesm-4 (14)-ene] sesquiterpenes were isolated from the seeds of Euonymus nanoides Loes, including five with a novel substitution pattern: (1 R,2 S,4 S,5 R,7 R,9 S,10 R)-1alpha-benzoyloxy-2alpha,15-diacetoxy-4beta-hydroxy-9beta-cinnamoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran ( 1), 1alpha-(alpha-methyl)-butanoyl-2alpha,15-diacetoxy-4beta-hydroxy-9beta-(beta-)furoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran ( 2), 1alpha,2alpha-di-(alpha-methyl)-butanoyl-4beta-hydroxy-9beta-(beta-)furoyloxy-15-acetoxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran ( 3), 1alpha-(alpha-methyl)-butanoyl-2alpha-(alpha-methyl)-propynoyloxy-4beta-hydroxy-9beta-(beta-)furoyloxy-15-acetoxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran ( 4) and 1alpha,2alpha, 9beta-tri-(beta-)furoyloxy-4beta-hydroxy-15-acetoxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran ( 5). The other dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene was 1alpha,2alpha,6beta,15-tetraacetoxy-3alpha-(alpha-methyl)-butanoyl-4beta-hydroxy-9beta-(beta-)furoyloxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran ( 6). The structures of 1 - 6 were elucidated by means of (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopic studies, including 2D heteronuclear COSY (HMQC), long-range correlation spectra with inverse detection (HMBC), (1)H- (1)H COSY and NOESY.