Adverse event of ruxolitinib cream: a real-world analysis based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System from 2021 to 2024.

Background: Ruxolitinib cream, a topical Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is a widely used treatment for various dermatological diseases. This study employs the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to examine adverse events (AEs) associated with ruxolitinib cream.

Methods: This study employed disproportionate analysis methods, including reported odds ratio and proportional reporting ratio, to collate AEs reported from the fourth quarter of 2021 to the first quarter of 2024.

Enantioselective Toxicity of Ibuprofen to Earthworms: Unraveling the Effect and Mechanism on Enhanced Toxicity of -Ibuprofen Over -Ibuprofen.

With the global implementation of wastewater reuse, accurately assessing the soil ecological risk of chiral pollutants from wastewater necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their enantioselective toxicity to soil animals. Ibuprofen (IBU) is the most prevalent chiral pharmaceutical in municipal wastewater. However, its enantioselective toxicity toward soil animals and the underlying mechanism remain largely unknown.

Bifunctional In Doping toward Defect Engineering in SrTiO for Solar Water Splitting.

Defect engineering in SrTiO crystals plays a pivotal role in achieving efficient overall solar water splitting, as evidenced by the influence of Al ions. However, the uneven structural relaxation caused by Al ions has been overlooked, significantly affecting the defect state and catalytic activity. When an AlO crucible is used, optimizing this defect engineering presents a significant challenge.

Rare dysfunctional SCN2A variants are associated with malformation of cortical development.

Objective: SCN2A encodes the voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channel α subunit Na1.2, which is important for the generation and forward and back propagation of action potentials in neurons. Genetic variants in SCN2A are associated with a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Inorganic/Inorganic Composites Through Emulsion Templating.

Inorganic/inorganic composites are found in multiple applications crucial for the energy transition, from nuclear reactors to energy storage devices. Their microstructures dictate their properties from mass transport to fracture resistance. Consequently, there has been a multitude of processes developed to control them, from powder mixing and the use of short or long fibers, to tape casting for laminates up to recent 3D printing.

Field-Induced Polarization Rotation in Order-Disorder (K,Na)NbO-Based Ferroelectrics.

Phase boundary is highly recognized for its capability in engineering various physical properties of ferroelectrics. Here, field-induced polarization rotation is reported in a high-performance (K, Na)NbO-based ferroelectric system at the rhombohedral-tetragonal phase boundary. First, the lattice structure is examined from both macroscopic and local scales, implementing Rietveld refinement and pair distribution function analysis, respectively.

Localized Morphological Modulation of Ultrathin Magnetic Nanosheets via a Strategically Designed Reduction Approach.

2D inorganic nanomaterials have attracted considerable research interest owing to their exceptional physical and chemical properties. Nonetheless, achieving precise control over the morphology of 2D nanomaterials presents a significant challenge, primarily due to their elevated surface energy and the stringent requirements for growth control. In this study, a designed reduction technique is employed to finely tune the morphology of 2D nanosheets, with iron salts serving as morphology-directing agents.

Lycorine Suppresses Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Progression Through Activating STING Pathway and Stimulating an Antitumor Immune Response.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) stands as a primary contributor to cancer-related deaths worldwide. It has been demonstrated that Lycorine (LYD), a naturally occurring active sesquiterpene present in Chinese medicinal plants, exhibits anti-cancer properties across various cancer cell lines. However, the underlying mechanisms of LYD-induced anti-tumor in NSCLC are not fully known.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of SEED FATTY ACID REDUCER genes significantly increased seed oil content in soybean.

Increasing seed oil content (SOC) is an important breeding goal for soybean breeding. While significant efforts have been made to improve SOC through metabolic pathway engineering, research to increase soybean SOC by reducing lipid degradation and fatty acid (FA) decomposition during seed maturation process is limited. Seed Fatty Acid Reducers (SFAR) are members of the GDSL enzyme family and play a crucial role in lipid metabolism.

Twist1 Acts Upstream of the Dlx5-Hand2 Pathway to Pattern the Mammalian Jaw.

Both the upper and lower jaws develop from cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) populating the first pharyngeal arch in all gnathostomes. Previous studies showed that the Edn1/Ednra-Dlx5/Dlx6-Hand2 signaling pathway is necessary for lower jaw formation and that ectopic expression of or throughout the CNCCs partly transformed the upper jaw to lower jaw structures, but the molecular mechanisms regulating upper jaw development remain unclear. Here we show that the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Twist1 is required for upper jaw development.

Assessment of compliance and therapeutic efficacy of albendazole treatment in Chinese patients with echinococcosis.

Background: Echinococcosis is an infectious parasitic disease that is extremely harmful to human health. Albendazole is provided free of charge to patients requiring medication under the central government finance transfer payment scheme for echinococcosis control and prevention in China. Our aim is to monitor the state of patient medication and its therapeutic impact, which will help improve medication compliance and the therapeutic effect.

A randomized study on the impact of optimized modified ultrafiltration on the physiological parameters of infants and children undergoing a cardiopulmonary bypass.

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of optimized modified ultrafiltration (OMUF) on the physiological parameters of infants and children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 30 pediatric patients were recruited and allocated into the experimental and control groups, each comprising of 15 patients. The experimental group underwent OMUF prior to the termination of CPB and extubation, while the control group received conventional modified ultrafiltration (MUF).

Combined immunotherapy with dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells for solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Immunotherapy utilizing dendritic cells (DCs) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells is a promising treatment approach for solid tumors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DC-CIK immunotherapy by assessing overall survival, progression-free survival, overall response rate, disease control rate, and adverse events in relevant randomized controlled trials. The results of this analysis will contribute to optimizing treatment strategies and improving cancer immunotherapy outcomes.

Integrating single-cell RNA-Seq and machine learning to dissect tryptophan metabolism in ulcerative colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory bowels disease (IBD) characterized by immune response dysregulation and metabolic disruptions. Tryptophan metabolism has been believed as a significant factor in UC pathogenesis, with specific metabolites influencing immune modulation and gut microbiota interactions. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms and key genes involved remain unclear.

A multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation compared with radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: At present, the main clinical application of local ablation therapy, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is to heat the tissue to a certain temperature. However, high temperature will cause thermal damage. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel minimally invasive local ablation technology for tumors.

TUBB2B regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via interaction with Vimentin to promote glioma migration and invasion.

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in the migration and invasion capabilities of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Several studies have established tubulin as a significant regulator of the EMT process. Tubulin beta 2B class IIb (TUBB2B), a critical component of microtubules, has been linked to the prognosis of various tumors.

Identifying prioritization of therapeutic targets for ankylosing spondylitis: a multi-omics Mendelian randomization study.

Background: To investigate the associations of methylation, expression, and protein quantitative trait loci (mQTL, eQTL, and pQTL) with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and find out genetically supported drug targets for AS.

Methods: The summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) and Bayesian co-localization analysis were used to assess the potential causality between AS and relevant genes. The GWAS data obtained from the International Genetics of Ankylosing Spondylitis Consortium (IGAS) were set as the discovery stage, and the FinnGen and UK Biobank databases were used to replicate the analysis as an external validation.

Enhancing medical education with chatbots: a randomized controlled trial on standardized patients for colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Combination of Standardized Patient (SP) and Case Based Learning (CBL) is a common method in medical education, but traditional SP (TSP) may not be conducive to students' mastery of basic medical knowledge and the cultivation of clinical thinking. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate SP to optimize SP combined with CBL teaching method.

Objective: This study aims to explore the effectiveness of a chatbot utilizing standardized patients based on CBL (CSP-CBL) for colorectal cancer education.

Osthole ameliorates wear particle-induced osteogenic impairment by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress via PERK signaling cascade.

Background: Periprosthetic osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening are the leading causes of failure following total joint arthroplasty. Osteogenic impairment induced by wear particles is regarded as a crucial contributing factor in the development of osteolysis, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress identified as a key underlying mechanism. Therefore, identifying potential therapeutic targets and agents that can regulate ER stress adaption in osteoblasts is necessary for arresting aseptic loosening.

Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 in atrial fibrillation.

Objective: Assessing whether serum Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1(VCAM-1) concentration in the left atrial appendage(LAA) and the expression of VCAM-1 in LAA tissues are associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation-related stroke.

Method: Blood samples were collected from atrial fibrillation(AF) patients scheduled for catheter ablation of AF, both from within the LAA and peripheral veins(PV). The serum concentration of VCAM-1 was quantitatively analyzed using ELISA.

Comparative transcriptomes and WGCNA reveal hub genes for spike germination in different quinoa lines.

Background: Quinoa, as a new food crop, has attracted extensive attention at home and abroad. However, the natural disaster of spike germination seriously threatens the quality and yield of quinoa. Currently, there are limited reports on the molecular mechanisms associated with spike germination in quinoa.

F-CPI: A Multimodal Deep Learning Approach for Predicting Compound Bioactivity Changes Induced by Fluorine Substitution.

Fluorine (F) substitution is a common method of drug discovery and development. However, there are no accurate approaches available for predicting the bioactivity changes after F-substitution, as the effect of substitution on the interactions between compounds and proteins (CPI) remains a mystery. In this study, we constructed a data set with 111,168 pairs of fluorine-substituted and nonfluorine-substituted compounds.