STING exerts antiviral innate immune response by activating pentose phosphate pathway.

Background: The innate immune system serves as the host's first line of defense against invading pathogens. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a key component of this system, yet its relationship with glucose metabolism, particularly in antiviral immunity, remains underexplored.

Methods: Metabolomics analysis was used for detecting metabolic alterations in spleens from STING knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice.

HMGA1 promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by elevating TKT-mediated upregulation of pentose phosphate pathway.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) possesses a poor prognosis and treatment outcome. Dysregulated metabolism contributes to unrestricted growth of multiple cancers. However, abnormal metabolism, such as highly activated pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in the progression of ESCC remains largely unknown.

[Biological Effect of Microplastics with Different Functional Groups on the Bacterial Communities and Metabolic Functions of Zebrafish () Embryos].

To investigate the influences of functional groups on the biological effects caused by microplastics, the accumulation of three polystyrene microplastics (PS, PS-NH, and PS-COOH) in zebrafish () embryos were analyzed, and then the responses of metabolic functions and microbial communities in zebrafish larvae were revealed using the combination of the microbiome and metabolome methods. The results showed that all microplastics could accumulate in zebrafish with concentrations ranging from 143 to 175 μg·g, and there were no significant differences in the accumulation potentials among different PS treatments. Exposure to plain PS significantly affected the metabolic capacity of aminoglycosides in zebrafish larvae, whereas the metabolic processes of amino acids were affected by PS-NH.

[Community Structure and Microbial Function Responses of Biofilms Colonizing on Microplastics with Vertical Distribution in Urban Water].

Microplastics have received increasing attention worldwide due to their carrier effects. In the aquatic environment, microplastics always show a vertical distribution, which thereby may change the structure and function of the attached microbial communities. However, few studies have focused on this alteration.

Single and combined effects of estrone and 17β-estradiol on male goldfish.

Objective: To assess the single and combined effects of estrone (E1) and 17β-estradiol (E2) on goldfish (Carassius auratus).

Methods: Batch tests were conducted. Serum levels of vitellogenin (VTG) and E2, gonadosomatic indices (GSI), gonadal DNA damage and liver 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity were measured after exposure for 14 days.