Recurrent granular cell tumor of the thyroid: a case report and literature review.

Background: Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the thyroid is a rare benign tumor of Schwann cell origin with a favorable prognosis and only 10 cases have been reported so far in scientific literature. The present case study describes the first case of recurrent thyroid GCT.

Case Presentation: Our case describes a 20-year-old woman who had undergone lobectomy for GCT of the thyroid 4 years ago.

Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of 117 Families.

Background: The first and most important step in characterizing familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma (NMTC) is to distinguish the true familial patients, which is the prerequisite for all accurate analyses. This study aimed to investigate whether patients from families with ≥3 first-degree relatives affected with NMTC have different characteristics than patients from families with only two affected members, and to compare these patients with those with sporadic disease.

Methods:: We analyzed the clinicopathological features and prognosis of 209 familial and 1120 sporadic cases of NMTC.

Survival Outcome of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising from Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma.

Background: Sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a rare benign tumor of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. It is destructive or bone-remodeling, tends to recur after surgical resection, and has a significant malignant potential. The present study aimed to perform a retrospective analysis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from IP, including characteristics, survival outcome, and predictors of associated malignancy.

The BRAFT1799A mutation is not associated with occult contralateral carcinoma in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

Background: The phenomenon of occult carcinoma maybe observed in patients with clinically unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Although many studies have reported that the BRAFT1799A mutation is associated with aggressive PTMC, the relationship between BRAFT1799A mutation and occult carcinoma is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors, including BRAFT1799A mutation, for occult contralateral carcinoma in clinically unilateral PTMC accompanied by benign nodules in the contralateral lobe.

Primary radiotherapy compared with primary surgery in cervical esophageal cancer.

Importance: The management of cervical esophageal cancer (CEC) is controversial. The advantages of radiotherapy (RT) for CEC are lower rates of acute morbidity and mortality compared with surgery and potential for larynx preservation. The advantage of surgery is that the transposed stomach may function better over the long term than an irradiated esophagus, which tends to become stenotic over time.

Laryngeal reconstruction with a sternohyoid muscle flap after supracricoid laryngectomy: postoperative respiratory and swallowing evaluation.

Objective: To compare postoperative respiratory and swallowing functions between patients who underwent classic supracricoid laryngectomy (SCL) and those who underwent SCL with laryngeal reconstruction using the sternohyoid muscle.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Setting: National cancer center.

Pattern of Failure in Surgically Treated Patients with Cervical Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the pattern of failure in patients who have undergone surgical resection for cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Study Design: Case series with chart review.

Setting: University hospital.

[Clinical analysis of 27 cases of well differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid isthmus].

Objective: Well differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) may be located in the isthmus. The guidelines now have not mentioned an appropriate procedure for WDTC in the isthmus. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the outcomes in patients with WDTC in the isthmus treated at our institution.

[Significance of selective neck dissection in patients with cN0 thyroid carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the significance of selective neck dissection in patients with cN0 thyroid carcinoma who have a high-risk of lateral neck lymph node metastasis.

Methods: Sixty three patients with cN0 thyroid carcinoma who have a high-risk of lateral neck lymph node metastasis were prospectively studied at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College between August 2006 and June 2011. The patients with cN0 thyroid carcinoma easy to occur neck lymph node metastasis include: The maximum diameter of primary tumor is ≥ 2 cm; The primary tumor invaded the thyroid capsule; Lymph node metastasis in level VI is found; Lymph node enlargement in level III or/and IV were detected preoperatively by ultrasonography, but not considered as metastasis.

[Management and prognostic factors for 119 patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma].

Objective: To explore the optimal management and analyze the prognostic factors for follicular thyroid carcinoma.

Methods: The clinicopathological data of 119 patients with well-differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma treated in our hospital from 1970 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. The overall survival (OS) rate was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method.

[Relationship between HPV-DNA status and p16 protein expression in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and their clinical significance].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between HPV-DNA status and p16 protein expression in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their clinical significance.

Methods: Sixty-six patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas treated in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from Jan. 1999 to Dec.

[Minimally invasive endoscopy-assisted neck dissection to treat lateral cervical metastasis of thyroid papillary carcinoma].

Objective: Traditional open surgery for lateral neck dissection for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) leaves an unsightly scar. It is necessary to apply small incision to complete lateral neck dissection with endoscopy-technique for PTC and to evaluate its feasibility and safety.

Methods: Between March 2010 and May 2011, 6 cases of PTC with no definite lymph node metastasis at level II-IV and 12 cases of PTC at T1-T4 with definite lymph node metastasis at level II-V received minimally invasive endoscopy-assisted lateral neck dissection.

Prognostic value of lymph node ratio in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma after chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Lymph node ratio (LNR) has recently been reported as a potential prognostic marker in many malignant diseases. We aimed to analyze the potential prognostic effect of LNR on hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) after neoadjuvant therapy in our institution.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 279 patients with HPSCC who underwent radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy followed by neck dissection between November 1965 and December 2008.

[Application value of sentinel node biopsy in early stage oral tongue cancer with clinically negative neck].

Objective: To evaluate the liability of sentinel node biopsy in the treatment of early stage oral tongue carcinoma with clinically negative neck.

Methods: Eighteen patients with T1 or T2 oral tongue carcinoma were enrolled in the prospective study. Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intra-operative hand-held gamma probe techniques were used to detect the sentinel lymph nodes.

[Nearby perforator flaps as alternative choices for anterolateral thigh flap when lacking useful perforator].

Objective: To explore the proposal using nearby perforator flaps as alternative reconstructive choices for anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap when lacking useful perforator.

Methods: From August 2010 to August 2012, 8 cases with head and neck cancer were found lacking reliable perforator during ALT flap elevation, a tensor fascia latae (TFL) flap or an anteromedial thigh (AMT) flap was used to complete the reconstruction.

Results: All 8 alternative flaps were successfully harvested, other donor sites were not needed.

[Clinical analysis of relevant factors causing postoperative recurrence of laryngeal cancer after partial laryngectomy].

Objective: To discuss the clinical relevant factors causing recurrence and failure of laryngeal cancer after partial laryngectomy.

Methods: The clinical data of 183 patients with laryngeal cancer who underwent partial laryngectomy from January 2005 to July 2009 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. 12 selected factors which might cause recurrence including sex, age, smoking condition, drinking condition, laryngeal cancer type, T stage, N stage, clinical stage, pathological grade, mode of operation, radiotherapy and margin status were analyzed.

[Clinical analysis of 318 cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment outcomes and prognosis of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: Retrospective review of 318 consecutive cases with OSCC treated from January 1999 to December 2011. Survival rates and prognostic factors were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox model survival analysis respectively.

Efficacy of mouth opening exercises in treating trismus after maxillectomy.

Background: Patients with maxillary tumor often suffer from trismus after maxillectomy, which could turn out to be a permanent sequela without proper intervention. In this study, the efficacy of mouth opening exercises in preventing and treating trismus was observed in patients with maxillary tumor early after their operations. At the same time, radiotherapy as an influencing factor for the mouth opening exercises was evaluated.

[Prognostic value of the number of lymph nodes retrieved after selective neck dissection in hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma].

Objective: To discuss the influence of the number of lymph nodes retrieved after selective neck dissection on the prognosis of hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 96 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma between January 1995 and December 2009, and all cases were accepted initial treatment for selective neck dissection. t test was used for analysis of normally distributed and Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed continuous data in two groups.

[Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid: retrospective analysis of 28 cases].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment outcomes and prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid (SCCT).

Methods: Retrospective review of SCCT cases in our hospital from January 1999 to May 2012. Demographic data and clinical charts, including presenting symptoms, histologic grade of tumor, treatment, and outcome of 28 consecutive patients were obtained.

Management of nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Purpose: Nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinomas (NACCs) are rare. No clear consensus is available regarding clinical characteristics and management approaches. The aim of this study was to summarize the clinical characteristics and evaluate the management approaches of NACC.

Tracheo-innominate artery fistula: Diagnosis and surgical management.

Background: Tracheo-innominate artery fistula (TIF) is a rare and fatal complication after tracheostomy. The diagnosis, treatment, and possible prevention of this disease are discussed in this study.

Methods: From 1976 to 2008, 14 patients with TIF were studied retrospectively.

[Management of thyroglossal duct carcinoma: report of five cases].

Objective: To study the clinical characteristic, diagnosis, surgical treatment and prognosis of thyroglossal duct carcinoma (TDCa).

Methods: A total of 110 patients with thyroglossal duct remanat in our hospital between 1991 and 2011 was reviewed. Five patients of them were diagnosed with TDCa by pathological examination, including 4 cases of papillary carcinoma and 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma.

Surgical management of parapharyngeal lymph node metastasis of thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study of 25 patients.

Background: Parapharyngeal lymph node (PPLN) metastasis from thyroid carcinoma is rare. We describe the clinical features, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of this condition.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with PPLN metastasis from thyroid carcinoma were treated at our institution from January 1999 to December 2010, including 22 patients with papillary carcinoma, two with medullary carcinoma, and one with follicular carcinoma.

[Clinical outcomes of salvage surgery for nasopharyngeal carcinoma after irradiation failure].

Objective: To study salvage surgery for persistent or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after irradiation failure.

Methods: A total of 84 cases underwent salvage surgery for persistent or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after irradiation failure between 1993 and 2009 was reviewed. rTNM stage: rT1 34 cases, rT2 27 cases, rT3 12 cases and rT4 11 cases; rN0 70 cases, rN1 9 cases and rN2 5 cases; No with distance metastatic.