Discovery of supercritical carbon dioxide in a hydrothermal system.

Supercritical CO appearing as bubbles in hydrothermal vents was identified in the south part of the Okinawa Trough using in situ Raman spectroscopy. Significantly, the N peak in supercritical CO is much larger than those in seawater and vent fluids, indicating that supercritical CO enriches N from the surrounding environment. Considering that the partial pressures of CO and N in the Earth's proto-atmosphere were ~10-20 MPa, supercritical CO with high N was likely the dominant CO phase near the water-air interface in the early history of the Earth, which promoted the synthesis, pre-enrichment and preservation of amino acids and other organic matters that are essential to the origin of life.

sp. nov., isolated from deep sea cold seep sediment.

In this study, we report a novel Gram-negative bacterium, designated as strain CS412, isolated from deep-sea sediment collected in a cold seep area of the South China Sea. Growth of strain CS412 occurred at 4-40 °C (optimum, 28 °C), pH 5.0-11.

High temperature-induced proteomic and metabolomic profiles of a thermophilic Bacillus manusensis isolated from the deep-sea hydrothermal field of Manus Basin.

Thermophiles are organisms that grow optimally at 50 °C-80 °C and studies on the survival mechanisms of thermophiles have drawn great attention. Bacillus manusensis S50-6 is the type strain of a new thermophilic species isolated from hydrothermal vent in Manus Basin. In this study, we examined the growth and global responses of S50-6 to high temperature on molecular level using multi-omics method (genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics).

Description of Bacillus kexueae sp. nov. and Bacillus manusensis sp. nov., isolated from hydrothermal sediments.

Two Gram-staining-positive, strictly aerobic bacilli, designated as strains Ma50-5 and Ma50-6, were isolated from the hydrothermal sediments of Manus Basin in the western Pacific Ocean. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, strains Ma50-5 and Ma50-6 were most closely related to Bacillus alveayuensis (97.0 and 97.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of Rimicaris sp. reveals novel molecular features associated with survival in deep-sea hydrothermal vent.

Shrimp of the family Alvinocarididae are the predominant megafauna of deep-sea hydrothermal vents. However, genome information on this family is currently unavailable. In the present study, by employing Illumina sequencing, we performed the first de novo transcriptome analysis of the gills of the shrimp Rimicaris sp.