Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignancy and a significant proportion of patients with CRC develop liver metastasis (CRLM), which is a major contributor to CRC‑related mortality. The present review aimed to comprehensively examine the pathogenetic development and diagnosis of CRLM and the clinical therapeutic approaches for treatment of this disease. The molecular mechanisms underlying CRLM were discussed, including the role of the tumour microenvironment and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
April 2025
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are among the most common biomarkers for tumor diagnosis. However, single-miRNA detection lacks ideal sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing a certain tumor in clinics. In this work, we fabricated a convenient multi-miRNA detection platform for sensitive and specific detection on exosomal miRNAs in the plasma of patients using a terahertz (THz) metamaterial biosensor on the basis of strand displacement amplification (SDA) and AuNPs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColloids Surf B Biointerfaces
May 2025
Abdominal adhesions are a frequent complication after abdominal surgery, which can cause significant pain and burden to patients. Despite various treatment options, including surgical intervention and pharmacotherapy, these often fail to consistently and effectively prevent postoperative abdominal adhesions. Janus hydrogel is famous for its asymmetric characteristics, which shows great prospects in the prevention and treatment of abdominal adhesion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTumor metastasis involves a series of complex and coordinated processes, which is the main cause of patient death and still a significant challenge in cancer treatment. Pre-metastatic niches (PMN), a specialized microenvironment that develops in distant organs prior to the arrival of metastatic cancer cells, plays a crucial role in driving tumor metastasis. The development of PMN depends on a complex series of cellular and molecular components including tumor-derived factors, bone marrow-derived cells, resident immune cells, and extracellular matrix.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChin J Cancer Res
December 2024
As a key component of tumor microenvironment, the microbiota has gradually played a key role in cancer research. Particularly in colorectal cancer, the specific population of microbiota within the tumor shows a strong association with the tumor type. Although the existence and potential role of microbiota in tumors have been recognized, the specific associations between the microbiota and tumor tissue and the mechanism of action still need to be further explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cardiothorac Surg
October 2024
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with an unclear cause characterized by secondary osteophytes and degenerative changes in the articular cartilage. More than 250 million people are expected to be affected by it by 2050, putting a tremendous socioeconomic strain on the entire world. OA cannot currently be treated with any effective medications that change the illness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial damage has a particular impact on the immune system and tumor microenvironment, which can trigger cell stress, an inflammatory response, and disrupt immune cell function, thus all of which can accelerate the progression of the tumor. Therefore, it is of essence to comprehend how the immune system function and the tumor microenvironment interact with mitochondrial dysfunction for cancer treatment. Preserving the integrity of mitochondria or regulating the function of immune cells, such as macrophages, may enhance the efficacy of cancer therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer. CRC has no apparent symptoms in the early stages of disease, and most patients receive a confirmed diagnosis in the middle or late disease stages. The incidence of CRC continues to increase, and the affected population tends to be younger.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in adults. Gout is an arthritic disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate crystal (MSU) in the joints, which can lead to acute inflammation and damage adjacent tissue. Hyperuricemia is the main risk factor for MSU crystal deposition and gout.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColorectal cancer (CRC) is a typical cancer that accounts for 10% of all new cancer cases annually and nearly 10% of all cancer deaths. Despite significant progress in current classical interventions for CRC, these traditional strategies could be invasive and with numerous adverse effects. The poor prognosis of CRC patients highlights the evident and pressing need for more efficient and targeted treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and has the second highest mortality rate among cancers. The development of CRC involves both genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, and recent research has focused on exploring the ex-transcriptome, particularly post-transcriptional modifications. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are emerging epigenetic regulators that play crucial roles in post-transcriptional events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeutrophils are a crucial component of the innate immune system and play a pivotal role in various physiological processes. From a physical perspective, hitchhiking is considered a phenomenon of efficient transportation. The combination of neutrophils and hitchhikers has given rise to effective delivery systems both in vivo and in vitro, thus neutrophils hitchhiking become a novel approach to disease treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTumors employ diverse strategies for immune evasion. Unraveling the mechanisms by which tumors suppress anti-tumor immunity facilitates the development of immunotherapies. Here, we have identified tumor-secreted fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) as a pivotal immune suppressor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies and has relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that originate from a diverse array of cells and may be found throughout various bodily fluids. These vesicles are endogenous nanocarriers in their natural state with the unique ability to transport lipids, proteins, DNA and RNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of Fibrinogen and Platelet to Pre-albumin Ratio(FPAR) in predicting the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer(AGC) and to construct a predictive model.
Methods: We collected clinical data from 489 postoperative patients with AGC. FPAR was divided into high and low groups according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Background: RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are closely related to tumors, but little is known about the mechanism of RBPs in tumorigenesis and progression of gastric cancer (GC). As genes do not usually act alone in the pathway deregulation, gene pair combinations are more likely to become stable and accurate biomarkers. The purpose of our research is to establish a novel signature based on RBP gene pairs to predict the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
August 2023
CD8 T cells, a cytotoxic T lymphocyte, are a key component of the tumor immune system, but they enter a hyporeactive T cell state in long-term chronic inflammation, and how to rescue this depleted state is a key direction of research. Current studies on CD8 T cell exhaustion have found that the mechanisms responsible for their heterogeneity and differential kinetics may be closely related to transcription factors and epigenetic regulation, which may serve as biomarkers and potential immunotherapeutic targets to guide treatment. Although the importance of T cell exhaustion in tumor immunotherapy cannot be overstated, studies have pointed out that gastric cancer tissues have a better anti-tumor T cell composition compared to other cancer tissues, which may indicate that gastrointestinal cancers have more promising prospects for the development of precision-targeted immunotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn response to stress, cells make a critical decision to arrest or undergo apoptosis, mediated in large part by the tumor suppressor p53. Yet the mechanisms of these cell fate decisions remain largely unknown, particularly in normal cells. Here, we define an incoherent feed-forward loop in non-transformed human squamous epithelial cells involving p53 and the zinc-finger transcription factor KLF5 that dictates responses to differing levels of cellular stress from UV irradiation or oxidative stress.
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