[Characteristics of VOCs and Formation Potentials of O and SOA in Autumn and Winter in Tongchuan, China].

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main precursors of tropospheric O and secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which can enhance atmospheric oxidation, promote the formation of secondary pollutants, and affect regional air quality and human health. In order to gain insights on VOCs characteristics and their potentials for O and SOA formation, the volume fraction of 102 VOCs in autumn and winter in the urban area of Tongchuan were monitored using the TH-300B online monitoring system. The maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) coefficient and the fractional aerosol coefficient (FAC) were used to estimate the ozone formation potential (OFP) and SOA formation potential (SOAFP), respectively.

Scenario analysis of vehicular emission abatement procedures in Xi'an, China.

Vehicular emissions contribute significantly to air pollution, and the number of vehicles in use is continuing to rise. Policymakers thus need to formulate vehicular emission reduction policies to improve urban air-quality. This study used different vehicle control scenarios to predict the associated potential of mitigating carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxide (NO), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.

Impact of Herbal Preparations on Outcomes of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: A One-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the impacts of two herbal preparations for human immunodeficiency virus/aquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients, Shenling Fuzheng Capsule (, SLFZC) and Qingdu Capsule (, QDC), on the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methods: HIV/AIDS patients met the criteria were all enrolled in a 1-year cohort study, in which patients receiving HAART alone were designated as Group A, those receiving HAART in combination with SLFZC were designated as Group B, and those receiving HAART in combination with QDC were designated as Group C, 100 cases in each group. The dose of SLFZC was 1.

Mortality risk in the population of HIV-positive individuals in Southern China: A cohort study.

To evaluate the mortality risk in the HIV-positive population, we conducted an observational cohort study involving routine data collection of HIV-positive patients who presented at HIV clinics and multiple treatment centers throughout Guangxi province, Southern China in 2011. The patients were screened for tuberculosis (TB) and tested for hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus infections yearly. Following the registration, the cohort was followed up for a 60-month period till the end-point (December 31, 2015).

Halobacterium litoreum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

Halophilic archaeal strain ZS-54-S2 was isolated from Zhoushan marine solar saltern, China. Cells were rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on an agar plate. Strain ZS-54-S2 was able to grow at 20-50 °C (optimum 35 °C), at 1.

Salinirussus salinus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain, YGH44T, was isolated from the Yinggehai marine solar saltern in Hainan Province of China. Cells were rod-shaped, stained Gram-negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plates. Optimal growth was obtained with 3.

Halobium Salinum sp. nov., Isolated from a Marine Solar Saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain YJ-8-S was isolated from Yangjiang marine solar saltern, China. Cells from strain YJ-8-S were pleomorphic, lysed in distilled water, stained Gram-negative, and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plate. Optimal growth of the strain was obtained at 3.

Halomarina rubra sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

Halophilic archaeal strain ZS-47-S was isolated from Zhoushan marine solar saltern, China. Cells were pleomorphic, stained Gram-negative, and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plate. Strain ZS-47-S was able to grow at 20-50 °C (optimum 37 °C), at 0.

Cyclophosphamide enhances anti-tumor effects of a fibroblast activation protein α-based DNA vaccine in tumor-bearing mice with murine breast carcinoma.

Cyclophosphamide (CY) is a DNA alkylating agent, which is widely used with other chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of various types of cancer. It can be used not only as a chemotherapeutic but also as an immunomodulatory agent to inhibit IL-10 expression and T regulatory cells (Tregs). Fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) is expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment.

Halorussus salinus sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain YJ-37-H was isolated from Yangjiang marine solar saltern, China. Cells were pleomorphic rods, stained Gram negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plate. Strain YJ-37-H was able to grow at 20-50 °C (optimum 37 °C), at 0.

Improvement of anti-tumor immunity of fibroblast activation protein α based vaccines by combination with cyclophosphamide in a murine model of breast cancer.

Fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) is expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are the main type of cells in the tumor microenvironment. CAFs exert immunosuppressive activity, which can weaken the effects of cancer immunotherapy and mainly account for poor outcomes with therapeutic vaccines. To better target and destroy CAFs, a FAPα vaccine using a modified vaccinia ankara (MVA) vector was constructed and used with a DNA vaccine reported in our previous work for heterologous prime-boost immunizations in mice.

Enhancement of fibroblast activation protein α-based vaccines and adenovirus boost immunity by cyclophosphamide through inhibiting IL-10 expression in 4T1 tumor bearing mice.

Fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) is expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of more than 90% of malignant epithelia carcinomas. CAFs are the main type of cells in the tumor microenvironment which offer nutrition and protection to the tumor and regulate immunosuppression. To eliminate CAFs, a vaccine targeting FAPα may be used with a heterologous prime-boost strategy to enhance the FAPα-specific cellular immunity.

Halomarina salina sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

A halophilic archaeal strain, designated ZS-57-S(T), was isolated from Zhoushan marine solar saltern, China. Cells were observed to be pleomorphic, stained Gram-negative and formed red pigmented colonies on agar plates. Optimal growth was obtained at 3.

Salinigranum salinum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern.

An extremely halophilic archaeal strain YJ-50-S2T was isolated from Yangjiang marine solar saltern, China. Cells were pleomorphic, stained Gram-negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plates. Strain YJ-50-S2T was able to grow at 25-50 °C (optimum 37 °C), with 0.

Anti-tumor effects of DNA vaccine targeting human fibroblast activation protein α by producing specific immune responses and altering tumor microenvironment in the 4T1 murine breast cancer model.

Fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) is a tumor stromal antigen overexpressed by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs are genetically more stable compared with the tumor cells and immunosuppressive components of the tumor microenvironment, rendering them excellent targets for cancer immunotherapy. DNA vaccines are widely applied due to their safety.

[Pharmacokinetic Effect of Aikeqing Granule by Different Medication Ways on Zidovudine in HAART of Rats].

Objective: To study pharmacokinetic effect of Aikeqing Granule (AG) by different medication ways on zidovudine (AZT) in highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART) of rats.

Methods: Totally 36 rats were administered with corresponding medications by gastrogavage, group I [HAART: AZT 31.5 mg/kg +3TC 31.

[A New Method of Accurately Extracting Spectral Values for Discrete Sampling Points].

In the establishment of remote sensing information inversion model, the actual measured data of discrete sampling points and the corresponding spectrum data to pixels of remote sensing image, are used to establish the relation, thus to realize the goal of information retrieval. Accurate extraction of spectrum value is very important to establish the remote sensing inversion mode. Converting target spot layer to ROI (region of interest) and then saving the ROI as ASCII is one of the methods that researchers often used to extract the spectral values.

[Gold nanoparticle-aptamer based colorimetric biosensing assays].

The single strand nucleic acid based aptamer could bound to targets with high sensitivity and specificity. Gold nanoparticles have strong particle space optical effects and could take a color change from red to blue when the dispersed nanoparticles were aggregated. Aptamer could be immobilized through covalent coupling or direct adsorption to the surface of gold nanoparticle.

[Treating HIV/AIDS patients by shenlin fuzheng capsule and qingdu capsule: an analysis of clinical effectiveness].

Objective: To analyze the clinical effectiveness of Shenling Fuzheng Capsule (SFC) and Qingdu Capsule (QC) in treating HIV/AIDS patients.

Methods: Totally 220 patients with complete clinical data, who received consecutive treatment for 6 months were selected from the database. They were assigned to two groups whether they would rather receive antiretroviral drugs, the Chinese medicine (CM) treatment group and the integrative medicine (IM) group.

Biodegradable polycation and plasmid DNA multilayer film for prolonged gene delivery to mouse osteoblasts.

Sustained release of functional plasmid DNA from the surfaces of materials which support cell adhesion for tissue formation could have a significant impact on gene therapy and tissue engineering. We report here layer-by-layer assembled multilayer film from a degradable cationic poly(2-aminoethyl propylene phosphate) and plasmid DNA encoding for enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) for mouse osteoblast cell adhesion and prolonged gene delivery. Multilayer film growth was monitored by UV spectrophotometry and intensity of absorbance at 260 nm related to incorporated DNA increased in an exponential manner with increase the number of deposited polymer and plasmid layers.