[Modality and structure of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) during spermiogenesis].

The special process and special structure which bring organelle during the spermiogenesis of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica were observed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The process which spermatoblast became sperm including four special stages, the early stage, the middle stage, the later stage and the spermic stage, then came into being a normal mature sperm. In the early stage, cell nucleus became long form gradually by the oval form.

[Multiple nuclear pseudogenes of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene in Scylla paramamosain (Decapoda : Portunidae)].

Nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes (Numts), widely existing in nuclear genomes of many organisms, are those nuclear DNA sequences which have high similarity with mtDNAs. In this study, we identified 14 different multiple nuclear pseudogenes of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene from an individual Scylla paramamosain (Decapoda: Portunidae). Of these sequences, ninety-six variable sites were detected, accounting for 15.

[Separation and characterization of mitochondrial COI pseudogenes in Scylla paramamosain].

Mitochondrial DNA marker has been applied in genetic structure and phylogenetic analysis, but the differences between nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes (Numts) and mitochondrial DNA complicate phylogenetic analysis. Using the universal and special primers, 34 pseudogene sequences (Numts) and 5 real mtDNA COI sequences were amplified respectively from 34 individuals of Scylla paramamosain from the coast of southeast China. Twenty-nine haplotypes were identified and two groups (Group I and Group II) were determined according to the homology of the 34 pseudogene sequences.