Green and chemical-free pretreatment of flavonoids in tea plant seed husk using ultrasound-cold isostatic pressure synergistic extraction.

A new method was established to extract flavonoids from tea plant seed husk: ultrasonic-cold isostatic pressure synergistic extraction. The effects of pressure, ethanol concentration, tea plant seed husk addition and treatment time on the extraction of flavonoids were investigated. The optimal extraction process was determined as follows: applied pressure 468.

The effect of perioperative cognitive training on postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomised trial.

Objective: This study investigated whether cognitive training (CT) ameliorates postoperative delirium (POD) in older patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty.

Methods: This clinical trial was conducted from 18 February to 10 July 2023 and included individuals aged 60-79 who underwent elective total hip and knee arthroplasties with surgery durations ≤3 hours under general anaesthesia. Patients with preoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia were excluded.

Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Validation of Tectoridin in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Regulating Inflammation.

The flowers of (Puerariae Flos) have served as a traditional Chinese medicinal and food herbage plant for many years. Tectoridin is one of the most active metabolites extracted from flowers of and has a variety of beneficial activities, including antioxidative, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Nevertheless, the functions and potential mechanisms underlying tectoridin in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury have not been well interpreted; thus, a network analysis strategy was performed to systematically evaluate its pharmacological mechanisms, which were further validated in rats with cerebral ischemia.

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has emerged as a novel noninvasive adjunct therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), yet no quantitative analysis had been conducted to assess its therapeutic effect.

Objectives: This review aimed to investigate the efficacy of tVNS on motor function, other potential clinical targets and its safety in various treatment conditions.

Methods: We searched six databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved treating PD patients with tVNS.

Changes in key volatile components associated with leaf quality of Roxb. alongside growth duration.

Pandan ( Roxb.) are one of the traditional food materials in Southeast Asian countries. However, there has long been a lack of understanding of the differences in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of leaves at different growth periods.

Screening and characterizing indigenous yeasts, lactic acid bacteria, and acetic acid bacteria from cocoa fermentation in Hainan for aroma Development.

Fermentation is crucial for inducing desirable flavor and aroma profiles in cocoa products. This research focused on identifying microbial strains isolated from spontaneous cocoa fermentation in Hainan through 16S and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequencing. Pectinase activity was screened, and metabolic dynamics of sugars and organic acids were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Transcranial pulsed current stimulation alleviates neuronal pyroptosis and neurological dysfunction following traumatic brain injury via the orexin-A/NLRP3 pathway.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a life-threatening condition with high incidence and mortality rates. The current pharmacological interventions for TBI exhibit limited efficacy, underscoring the necessity to explore novel and effective therapeutic approaches to ameliorate its impact. Previous studies have indicated that transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS) can improve neurofunctional deficits in patients by modulating brain neuroplasticity.

Systematic Exploration of the Association Between Vitamin A Intakes and Sarcopenia Prevalence in American Adults.

Sarcopenia, characterized by an age-related progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, presents significant health concerns. Recommending dietary nutrition emerges as a viable strategy to counteract muscle deterioration. Vitamin A, indispensable throughout the human life cycle and unattainable through endogenous synthesis, necessitates intake via diet.

Interactions of transcranial magnetic stimulation with brain oscillations: a narrative review.

Brain responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be recorded with electroencephalography (EEG) and comprise TMS-evoked potentials and TMS-induced oscillations. Repetitive TMS may entrain endogenous brain oscillations. In turn, ongoing brain oscillations prior to the TMS pulse can influence the effects of the TMS pulse.

One-step annealing in situ synthesis of low tortuosity corn straw cellulose biochar/FeC: Application for cathode catalyst in microbial fuel cell.

Synthesis of microbial fuel cell (MFC) cathode catalysts using corn straw with natural multi-channel structure is an useful measure for developing sustainable energy sources and making creative use of agricultural waste. The catalytic performance of nanomaterial catalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is clearly influenced by porosity and channel structure. Mesopores usually contribute to the enhancement of reaction kinetics and mass transfer.

Enhancing motor function in children with cerebral palsy: A Comparative study of pediatric tuina and conventional rehabilitation.

Objective: This study explores the impact of combining Pediatric Tuina (PT) with conventional rehabilitation on motor function in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods: This controlled trial involved 115 CP-affected children aged 1 month to 13 years. They were allocated into an experimental group (n = 57) receiving PT and conventional rehabilitation, and a control group (n = 58) receiving only conventional rehabilitation for three months.

Insight into peroxidase-mediated Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) fruit juice browning and precipitation, and a thermal inactivation strategy.

Peroxidase-mediated enzymatic browning during the process of noni fruit juice causes major color deterioration and precipitation, which negatively affects consumer acceptance of the juice. The purpose of this study was to understand the browning and precipitate formation mechanisms in noni fruit juice and improve its quality. Peroxidase was isolated from noni fruit via gel separation purification and characterized for its kinetic properties.

Salidroside ameliorates diabetic retinopathy and Müller cell inflammation via the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/NF-𝜅B pathway.

Purpose: To determine whether salidroside (SAL) modulates inflammatory cytokines in rat retinal Müller cells (rMC-1) in a hyperglycemic environment by investigating the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SAL in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: A streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model was established to examine the effects of SAL using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry. rMC-1 cells were grown in 50 mM of high-glucose medium.

Innovative enhancement of flavor profiles and functional metabolites composition in through lactic acid bacteria fermentation.

, known as Pandan, serves as a coloring agent and spice in food. The effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on Pandan are underexplored. This study aimed to investigate changes in physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, volatile compounds and metabolites of Pandan fermented with , and .

Structural characterization of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) pectin and its inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase.

This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties and biological activities of noni pectin (NP) extracted using various solvents, three fractions of noni pectin were obtained using traditional chemical and deep eutectic solvents. NPs are composed of various ratios of galacturonic acid, arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, glucose, and galactose with different yields, molecular weights, esterification degrees (DE), and microstructures. Among the fractions, noni pectin extracted with Betaine-citric acid (BNP) exhibited higher molecular weight, degree for esterification and pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory activity than the other fractions.

Effect of cellulase-assisted cold isostatic pressure extraction on the characteristics and functional properties of polyphenol extracts from camellia sinensis seeds.

In this experiment, polyphenolic substances were extracted from Camellia sinensis seeds (CSS) using a synergistic treatment of cold isostatic pressure (CIP) and cellulase. The effects of pressure, treatment time, and cellulase addition on the experiment were investigated. And the optimal extraction conditions were established by single factor experiment and Box-benhken experiments: the pressure applied by CIP was 408.

Understanding the Molecular Interactions Between Pandan Pigment and Food Components for Enhanced Thermal Stability.

Pandan pigment () is widely used as a natural food coloring and flavoring agent. However, its application in food is limited because of its susceptibility to thermal degradation during food processing, which affects both pigment stability and color. Despite its growing use, there is limited research on how common food ingredients can mitigate this degradation.

Association of GhGeBP genes with fiber quality and early maturity related traits in upland cotton.

Transcription Factors (TFs) are key regulators of how plants grow and develop. Among the diverse TF families, the Glabrous-enhancer binding protein (GeBP) family plays a key role in trichome initiation and leaf development. The specific roles of GeBP TFs in plants remain largely unexplored, although GeBP transcription factors play important roles in plants.

Enhancing cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) detection and counting with a cost-effective deep learning approach on the Raspberry Pi.

Background: The cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a major global pest, causing significant crop damage through viral infestation and feeding. Traditional B. tabaci recognition relies on human eyes, which requires a large amount of work and high labor costs.

Drug-induced liver injury associated with pretomanid, bedaquiline, and linezolid: Insights from FAERS database analysis.

Aims: The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis has necessitated novel treatments like the pretomanid, bedaquiline and linezolid (BPaL) regimen. This study investigated the association of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) with the BPaL regimen compared to first-line antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol [HRZE]).

Methods: A retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis was conducted using data from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database from July 2019 to June 2023.

Evaluation and application of population pharmacokinetic models for optimising linezolid treatment in non-adherence multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients.

Background: Population pharmacokinetic (popPK) models can optimise linezolid dosage regimens in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB); however, unknown cross-centre precision and poor adherence remain problematic. This study aimed to assess the predictive ability of published models and use the most suitable model to optimise dosage regimens and manage compliance.

Methods: One hundred fifty-eight linezolid plasma concentrations from 27 patients with MDR-TB were used to assess the predictive performance of published models.

Transcriptomic profiling reveals the complex interaction between a bipartite begomovirus and a cucurbitaceous host plant.

Background: Begomoviruses are major constraint in the production of many crops. Upon infection, begomoviruses may substantially modulate plant biological processes. While how monopartite begomoviruses interact with their plant hosts has been investigated extensively, bipartite begomoviruses-plant interactions are understudied.