Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Demonstrate Distinct Responses to Ambient Particulate Matter in a Polarization State- and Particle Seasonality-Specific Manner.

Macrophages are professional phagocytic immune cells that, following activation, polarize on a spectrum between the proinflammatory M1 and the proresolution M2 states. Macrophages have further been demonstrated to retain plasticity, allowing for the reprogramming of their polarization states following exposure to new stimuli. Particulate matter (PM) has been repeatedly shown to modify macrophage function and polarization while also inducing worsening respiratory infection morbidity and mortality.

Nonlinear association between alanine aminotransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Previous studies have indicated a potential association between the alanine aminotransferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ALT/HDL-C) ratio and the risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, but its relation with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the ALT/HDL-C ratio in early pregnancy and the risk of GDM. This study is a secondary analysis based on an open-source cohort study.

Severity levels of anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa in a Korean cohort.

Objective: Despite its potential for informing tailored treatments, the severity of eating disorders (EDs) lacks clear conceptualisation. The present retrospective cohort study examined the clinical validity and utility of severity specifiers for anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical AN in a Korean population.

Method: Data from 696 Korean outpatients with AN or atypical AN were analysed.

Ozone-Induced Lung Injury are Mediated Via PPAR-Mediated Ferroptosis in Mice.

In recent years, the concentration of PM in China has decreased, while the concentration of ozone remains rising. Exposure to ozone contributes to respiratory illnesses; however, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. The present study established an ozone-induced lung injury mice model to investigate potential molecular biomarkers and toxic mechanisms.

Acute effects of ambient nitrogen dioxide pollution on outpatient visits for neurological diseases in Xinxiang, China.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to air pollution acts as a potential trigger for neurological diseases (NDs), yet the current knowledge regarding the impact of ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO) on the patients with NDs remains limited. In this study, we conducted a time-series study to evaluate the association between short-term exposure to NO and hospital visits for NDs in Xinxiang, China.

Methods: An over-dispersed Poisson generalized additive model was used to analyze the association between ambient NO concentrations and daily outpatient visits for NDs from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017.

Concurrent ozone and high temperature exacerbates nasal epithelial barrier damage in allergic rhinitis mice: Insights from the nasal transcriptome and nasal microbiota.

The global ambient temperature has been rising in recent decades and high temperature is usually accompanied by ozone (O) pollution. Environmental change is an underlying factor for the increased prevalence of respiratory allergic disease. However, the potential mechanisms are complex and remain elusive.

Prolonged, staged, and self-regulated methotrexate release coupled with ROS scavenging in an injectable hydrogel for rheumatoid arthritis therapy.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains a formidable healthcare challenge due to its chronic nature and potential for irreversible joint damage. Methotrexate (MTX) is a cornerstone treatment for RA but carries significant risks of adverse effects with repeated administration, necessitating the exploration of alternative delivery methods. Injectable hydrogels loaded with MTX for intra-articular injection present a promising solution, allowing sustained drug release directly into affected joints.

[Two new glycosides from Hypericum elatoides].

The column chromatography with silica gel, reversed-phase C_(18), and Sephadex LH-20 was employed to separate the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Hypericum elatoides. The compounds were identified by the comprehensive analysis of IR, NMR, and MS data as methyl 8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(Z)-5-octenoate(1), methyl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4-methylhexanoate(2), byzantionoside B(3), 9-epi-blumenol C glucoside(4), corchoionoside C(5),(6S,9R)-roseoside(6), cis-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), trans-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8), methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate(9),(E)-chlorogenic acid methyl ester(10), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11), β-sitosterol(12), stigmasterol(13), stigmast-4-en-3-one(14), β-amyrin(15), daucosterol(16), sitoindoside Ⅰ(17), oleic acid(18), methyl α-linolenate(19), trilinolein(20), and cassipourol(21). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were identified as new glycosides and named hyperelatosides G and H.

Short-term exposure to air pollution on peripheral white blood cells and inflammation biomarkers: a cross-sectional study on rural residents.

Effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution on systemic immunological and inflammatory biomarkers in rural population have not been adequately characterized. From May to July 2021, 5816 participants in rural villages of northern Henan Province, China, participated in this cross-sectional study. Blood biomarkers of systemic inflammation were determined including peripheral white blood cells (WBC), eosinophils (EOS), basophils (BAS), monocytes (MON), lymphocytes (LYM), neutrophils (NEU), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

PM exposure upregulates pro-inflammatory protein expression in human microglial cells via oxidant stress and TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Exposure to ambient PM is associated with neurodegenerative disorders, in which microglia activation plays a critical role. Thus far, the underlying mechanisms for PM-induced microglia activation have not been well elucidated. In this study, a human microglial cell line (HMC3) was used as the in vitro model to examine the inflammatory effect (hall marker of microglia activation) of PM and regulatory pathways.

The effect of training to target cognitive biases towards social rejection in eating disorders.

Objective: This study examined the effect of cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) training in Korean women with eating disorders (EDs).

Method: Sixty-three women with EDs participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group where they received six sessions of CBM-I training (n = 31) in addition to treatment-as-usual or were put on a waiting list (n = 32).

Recovery-focused self-help intervention using vodcasts for patients with personality disorder: feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Background: Availability of long-term psychological interventions for personality disorders is limited because of their high intensity and cost. Research in evidence-based, low-intensity interventions is needed.

Aims: This study aimed to examine the feasibility, acceptability and potential impact of a low-intensity, digital guided self-help (GSH) intervention that is focused on emotion regulation, recovery-oriented and provides in-the-moment delivery for patients with personality disorders.

Visible light-driven C/O-g-CN activating peroxydisulfate to effectively inactivate antibiotic resistant bacteria and inhibit the transformation of antibiotic resistance genes: Insights on the mechanism.

Antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) dissemination within water pose a serious threat to public health. Herein, C and O dual-doped g-CN (C/O-g-CN) photocatalyst, fabricated via calcination treatment, was utilized to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) to investigate the disinfection effect on tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli and the transformation frequency of ARGs. As a result, approximately 7.

MMP-Responsive Nanoparticle-Loaded, Injectable, Adhesive, Self-Healing Hydrogel Wound Dressing Based on Dynamic Covalent Bonds.

Developing a multifunctional hydrogel wound dressing with good injectability, self-healing, tissue adhesion, biocompatibility, and fast skin wound healing efficiency remains challenging. In this work, an injectable adhesive dopamine-functionalized oxidized hyaluronic acid/carboxymethyl chitosan/collagen (AHADA/CCS/Col) hydrogel was constructed. The Schiff dynamic bond between AHADA and CCS, the N-Ag-N bond between CCS and Ag ions, and the S-Ag-S dynamic bond between sulfhydryl-modified collagen (ColSH) and Ag ions allowed the hydrogel to be both injectable and self-healing.

Transcriptomics profile of human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to ambient fine particles and influenza virus (H3N2).

Fine particulate matter (PM) pollution remains a major threat to public health. As the physical barrier against inhaled air pollutants, airway epithelium is a primary target for PM and influenza viruses, two major environmental insults. Recent studies have shown that PM and influenza viruses may interact to aggravate airway inflammation, an essential event in the pathogenesis of diverse pulmonary diseases.

Overexpression of Lias Gene Alleviates Cadmium-Induced Kidney Injury in Mice Involving Multiple Effects: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation.

Oxidative stress is an important mechanism underlying toxicity induced by cadmium (Cd) exposure. However, there are significant differences of the antioxidant baseline in different populations. This means that different human has different intensity of oxidative stress in vivo after exposure to toxicants.

Short-term ozone exposure and serum neural damage biomarkers in healthy elderly adults: Evidence from a panel study.

Background: Although converging lines of research have pointed to the adverse neural effects of air pollution, evidence linking ozone (O) and neural damage remains limited.

Objectives: To investigate the subclinical neural effects of short-term ozone (O) exposure in elderly adults.

Methods: A panel of healthy elderly individuals was recruited, and five repeated measurements were conducted from December 2018 to April 2019 in Xinxiang, China.