Downregulation of desmoglein 2 promotes EMT progression in gallbladder cancer.

Objective: To explore the correlation between the expression level of Desmoglein 2 (DSG2) and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression in gallbladder cancer (GBC).

Method: 106 GBC tissue specimens and corresponding clinical information were collected to make a tissue microarray. Immunohistochemical method was used to test the expression level of DSG2 in GBC tissues.

Overexpression of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease15 (USP15) Promotes Tumor Growth and Inhibits Apoptosis and Correlated With Poor Disease-Free Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

USP15 is a member of ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs, the largest subfamily of deubiquitinases) and functions as a stabilize factor of target proteins in reversible ubiquitiantion progression. Dysregulated expression of USP15 has been observed in various cancers. However the expression profile and regulatory mechanism of USP15 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely elusive.

Expression of carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) indicates poor prognosis in human gallbladder carcinoma.

Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a lethal neoplasm, and new prognostic markers are required. Deregulation of E3 ligases contributes to cancer development and is associated with poor prognosis. Carboxyl terminus of heat shock protein 70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a U-box-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, the role of which has not been evaluated in GBC.

CD44 is associated with tumor recurrence and is an independent poor prognostic factor for patients with localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy.

CD44 has been implicated in tumor development and progression in several types of cancer. CD44 expression is altered in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and has been suggested as a useful prognostic marker, but its prognostic role in RCC remains controversial. We investigated the expression of CD44 in a large homogeneous set of localized clear cell RCC to determine its potential prognostic value.

Expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1α is an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.

Lymph node metastasis is considered to be a significant prognostic factor for early gastric cancer (EGC). However, no real consensus exists on which patient and/or tumor characteristics are associated with lymph node metastasis. We investigated whether stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α expression correlates with lymph node metastasis in patients with EGC by immunohistochemically examining the expression of SDF-1α in 138 archival tissue specimens of EGC.

Overexpression of IL-32 is a novel prognostic factor in patients with localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine that acts as a significant pathogenetic factor in various diseases and malignancies. However, the clinical effect of IL-32 expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not previously been investigated. The aim of the present study was to examine the significance of IL-32 overexpression in localized clear cell RCC (CCRCC).

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 is associated with gallbladder carcinoma progression and is a novel independent poor prognostic factor.

Purpose: Although recent studies have suggested that chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) is important in the progression of various malignancies, its role in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) remains unknown. We investigated CXCL12 expression in GBC and its biologic and prognostic role in GBC tumorigenesis.

Experimental Design: We examined CXCL12 expression in tumor specimens from 72 patients with GBC by immunohistochemistry and analyzed the correlation between CXCL12 expression and clinicopathologic factors or survival.

Pattern of expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma.

Objective: Cyclooxygenases (COXs) are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Many studies have suggested that COX-2, the inducible form of COX, is important in carcinogenesis. However, little is known about the pattern of expression of COX-2 in a multistep process of malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP).

Aberrant l1 cell adhesion molecule affects tumor behavior and chemosensitivity in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most invasive human cancers and has a poor prognosis. Molecular targets of ATC that determine its highly aggressive nature remain unidentified. This study investigated L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) expression and its role in tumorigenesis of ATCs.

NDRG2 is involved in the oncogenic properties of renal cell carcinoma and its loss is a novel independent poor prognostic factor after nephrectomy.

Background: Although NDRG2 is a candidate tumor suppressor, its exact role in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not fully understood. We investigated the functional role of NDRG2 and its clinical relevance in RCC tumorigenesis.

Methods: NDRG2 expression and its clinical implications in clear cell RCC were evaluated.

Pyrosequencing cut-off value identifying BRAFV600E mutation in fine needle aspiration samples of thyroid nodules.

Context: Recently, tremendous efforts have been made towards the development of sensitive techniques to detect the BRAF(V600E) mutation in fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples. However, newly developed quantitative and semi-quantitative methods, such as dual-priming oligonucleotide (DPO)-based multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), have the potential to generate false-positive (FP) results.

Objectives: To eliminate the possibility of FP results, we generated a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of pyrosequencing using quantitative data.

Evaluation of the combined expression of chemokine SDF-1α and its receptor CXCR4 as a prognostic marker for gastric cancer.

Chemokine stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) have been shown to impact cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that CXCR4 and SDF-1α expression is useful for evaluating the risk of gastric cancer progression. Thus, combined analysis of SDF-1α and CXCR4 should have high prognostic potential as a molecular marker for gastric cancer.

L1 cell adhesion molecule as a novel independent poor prognostic factor in gallbladder carcinoma.

Gallbladder carcinoma is a lethal malignancy and is hard to cure by current treatment. Thus, identification of molecular prognostic markers to predict gallbladder carcinoma as therapeutic targets is urgently needed. Recent studies have demonstrated that L1 cell adhesion molecule is associated with the prognosis of variable malignancy.

Prognostic significance of human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE/Ref-1) expression in rectal cancer treated with preoperative radiochemotherapy.

Purpose: Human apurinic endonuclease/redox factor 1 (APE/Ref-1) mediates repair of radiation-induced DNA lesions and regulates transcription via redox-based activation. We investigated the predictive and prognostic significance of APE/Ref-1 expression in pretreatment biopsy specimens in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) (cT3-T4 or N+).

Methods And Materials: APE/Ref-1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in pretreatment biopsy specimens obtained from 83 patients with LARC.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 is a key modulator of keratinocyte inflammatory responses.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1) functions in both DNA repair and redox signaling, making it an attractive emerging therapeutic target. However, the role of APE1 in cutaneous inflammatory responses is largely unknown. In this study, we report that APE1 is a key upstream regulator in TLR2-dependent keratinocyte inflammatory responses.

cAMP produced by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 27 inhibits atrial natriuretic peptide secretion in rabbit beating atria.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of increased cAMP levels in response to pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 27 (PACAP27) on atrial atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion in rabbit atria. A perfused beating atrial model was used in the present study and cAMP efflux and ANP levels in atrial perfusates were measured by radioimmnoassay. At 100 nmol/L, PACAP27 increased cAMP production, which resulted in subsequent inhibition of ANP secretion.