Two-dimensional anion-rich NaCl crystal under ambient conditions.

The two-dimensional (2D) "sandwich" structure composed of a cation plane located between two anion planes, such as anion-rich CrI, VS, VSe, and MnSe, possesses exotic magnetic and electronic structural properties and is expected to be a typical base for next-generation microelectronic, magnetic, and spintronic devices. However, only a few 2D anion-rich "sandwich" materials have been experimentally discovered and fabricated, as they are vastly limited by their conventional stoichiometric ratios and structural stability under ambient conditions. Here, we report a 2D anion-rich NaCl crystal with sandwiched structure confined within graphene oxide membranes with positive surface potential.

Genetic Analysis of the Peach SnRK1β3 Subunit and Its Function in Transgenic Tomato Plants.

Background/objectives: The sucrose non-fermentation-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) protein complex in plants plays an important role in energy metabolism, anabolism, growth, and stress resistance. SnRK1 is a heterotrimeric complex. The SnRK1 complex is mainly composed of α, β, βγ, and γ subunits.

Mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus Antibiotics Resistance Revealed by Adaptive Laboratory Evolution.

Infection caused by drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a serious public health and veterinary concern. Lack of a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the emergence of drug-resistant strains, it makes S. aureus one of the most intractable pathogenic bacteria.

Organoids in skin wound healing.

Stem cells (SCs) can self-replicate and differentiate into multiple lineages. Organoids, 3D cultures derived from SCs, can replicate the spatial structure and physiological characteristics of organs . Skin organoids can effectively simulate the physiological structure and function of skin tissue, reliably restoring the natural skin ecology in various environments.

Measured Resection as Gap Balance Method in Mobile-Bearing Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Gap balancing is a vital process during mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (MB-UKA). However, this process commonly depends on the surgeon's experience and lacks specific unified standards. This study aimed to propose and evaluate a novel "measured resection" method for gap balance in MB-UKA.

A Zero-gap Electrolyzer Enables Supporting Electrolyte-free Seawater Splitting for Energy-saving Hydrogen Production.

Membrane-assisted direct seawater splitting (DSS) technologies are actively studied as a promising route to produce green hydrogen (H2), whereas the indispensable use of supporting electrolytes that help to extract water and provide electrochemically-accelerated reaction media results in a severe energy penalty, consuming up to 12.5% of energy input when using a typical KOH electrolyte. We bypass this issue by designing a zero-gap electrolyzer configuration based on the integration of cation exchange membrane and bipolar membrane assemblies, which protects stable DSS operation against the precipitates and corrosion in the absence of additional supporting electrolytes.

Enalomics: A Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach for Profiling, Identifying, and Semiquantifying Enals in Biological Samples.

Human cells generate a bulk of aldehydes during lipid peroxidation (LPO), influencing critical cellular processes, such as oxidative stress, protein modification, and DNA damage. Enals, highly reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehydic metabolites, are implicated in various human pathologies, especially neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite their importance, endogenous enals remain poorly characterized, primarily due to their instability and low abundance.

Unveiling pathology-related predictive uncertainty of glomerular lesion recognition using prototype learning.

Objective: Recognizing glomerular lesions is essential in diagnosing chronic kidney disease. However, deep learning faces challenges due to the lesion heterogeneity, superposition, progression, and tissue incompleteness, leading to uncertainty in model predictions. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze pathology-related predictive uncertainty in glomerular lesion recognition and unveil its relationship with pathological properties and its impact on model performance.

Cell-type-specific regulators landscape and regulatory mechanisms underlying pyroptosis in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma.

: Endometrial cancer (UCEC) has a significant detrimental effect on patient quality of life. Although pyroptosis-related genes have been reported to contribute to tumor pathogenesis, the specific mechanism of pyroptosis in patients with UCEC remains elusive. We provide an overview of the landscape of pyroptosis-related genes in UCEC tissues through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) datasets from the tissues of UCEC of 6089 cells.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of GhAMS11 and GhMS188 reveals key roles in tapetal development and pollen exine formation in upland cotton.

The ABORTED MICROSPORES (AMS) gene is crucial for tapetal cell development and pollen formation, but its role in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) has not been previously documented. This study identified GhAMS11 as a key transcription factor, with its high expression specifically observed during the S4-S6 stages of anther development, a critical period for tapetal activity and pollen formation. Subcellular localization confirmed that GhAMS11 was located in the nucleus.

A comprehensive immune repertoire signature distinguishes pulmonary infiltration in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has been the most severe public health emergency since 2019. Currently, the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been the most dominant. The most prominent symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection is respiratory.

Study on the mechanism of erosion and wear of elbow pipes by coarse particles in filling slurry.

Coarse particles in filling slurry are the primary factor causing wear in filling elbow pipes, and the wear mechanism of these particles on the pipes is influenced by various factors. To study the erosion and wear mechanism of elbow pipes caused by coarse particles, the motion state of coarse particles under different curvature radii, coarse particle gradations, and pipe diameters was investigated using a simulation method based on the coupling of Fluent and EDEM software, grounded in theories of fluid mechanics, rheology, and solid-liquid two-phase flow. The study explored the impact patterns and locations of wear induced by coarse particles on filling elbow pipes.

Circulating Tumor Cells Culture: Methods, Challenges, and Clinical Applications.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a pivotal role in cancer metastasis and hold considerable potential for clinical diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognostic evaluation. Nevertheless, the limited quantity of CTCs in liquid biopsy samples poses challenges for comprehensive downstream analysis. In vitro culture of CTCs can effectively address the issue of insufficient CTC numbers.

Efficacy and safety of perioperative sintilimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for potentially resectable stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (periSCOPE): an open-label, single-arm, phase II trial.

Background: The absolute overall survival (OS) improvement with preoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is controversial and unsatisfactory. We designed this trial to explore the efficacy and safety of perioperative sintilimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for potentially resectable stage IIIB NSCLC to facilitate further optimization of this therapeutic strategy.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IIIB NSCLC through invasive staging approaches and/or PET/CT scans and evaluated as having a high probability of radical resection of the primary lesion and metastatic lymph nodes with clear pathological margins by a multidisciplinary team were enrolled in this open-label, single-arm, phase II trial at a single centre in China.

Hybrid integrated thin-film lithium niobate and a silicon carbide microcomb amplifier.

We demonstrate a hybrid integrated optical frequency comb amplifier composed of a silicon carbide microcomb and a lithium niobate waveguide amplifier, which generates a 10-dB on-chip gain for the C+L band microcombs under 1480-nm laser pumping and an 8-dB gain under 980-nm laser pumping. It will solve the problem of low output power of microcombs and can be applied in various scenarios such as optical communication, lidar, optical computing, astronomical detection, atomic clocks, and more.

Exploring the heterogeneity of osteosarcoma cell characteristics and metabolic states and their association with clinical prognosis.

Background: Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal bone tissue, characterized by high malignancy and poor prognosis. Despite progress in comprehensive treatment approaches, the five-year survival rate remains largely unchanged, highlighting the need to clarify its underlying mechanisms and discover new therapeutic targets.

Methods: This study utilized RNA sequencing data from multiple public databases, encompassing osteosarcoma samples and healthy controls, along with single-cell RNA sequencing data.

BH3 Mimetics Augment Cytotoxic T Cell Killing of Acute Myeloid Leukemia via Mitochondrial Apoptotic Mechanism.

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) can address an unmet clinical need for patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its effect is often modest in the setting of high tumor burden. In this study, we postulated that strategies to lower the AML apoptotic threshold will augment T cell killing of AML cells. BH3 mimetics, such as venetoclax, are a clinically approved class of compounds that predispose cells to intrinsic apoptosis by inhibiting anti-apoptotic mitochondrial proteins.

High-stable bimetallic AgCu nanoalloys with core-shell structures for sustainable antibacterial and biofouling mitigation in nanofiltration.

Nanofiltration (NF) is crucial for advancing water purification and wastewater reuse technologies. Incorporating biocidal nanoparticles (NPs) such as AgNPs and CuNPs is promising for developing antibacterial and antibiofouling NF membranes, while their application is limited by NPs aggregation, high cost, and severe ion release. In this study, we developed novel NF membranes by integrating bimetallic AgCu nanoalloys via an in-situ reduction and coordination method facilitated by a polydopamine/polyethyleneimine (PDA/PEI) intermediate layer.

The prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor in endometrial cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A large number of studies have shown that high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer tissues is associated with poor prognosis of various cancers. However, this finding in endometrial cancer is controversial. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to explore the effects of VEGF on survival in patients with endometrial cancer.

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically-attended influenza infection in 2023/24 season in Hangzhou, China.

From 2020, influenza viruses circulation was largely affected by the global coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, notably leading to the extinction of the B/Yamagata lineage and raising questions about the relevance of the quadrivalent influenza vaccine, which includes this lineage. Evaluating vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza infections is important to inform future vaccine programs. A test-negative case-control study was conducted in five tertiary hospitals in Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang province, China, enrolling medically-attended patients aged >6 months who presented with influenza-like illness (ILI) from October 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024.

Adipocyte-derived CXCL10 in obesity promotes the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.

Background: As a widespread epidemic, obesity poses a significant risk to health and leads to physiological abnormalities, including diabetes mellitus and inflammation. Obesity-induced inflammation can accelerate the development of various cancers; however, the role of obesity in the migration of ovarian carcinoma is still unclear.

Results: Twenty-four commonly upregulated genes were identified from single-cell RNA sequencing datasets of both ovarian carcinoma and adipose tissue of obese humans, with the chemokine CXCL10 showing a significant increase in adipose tissues associated with obesity.

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate inhibits viral replication by promoting the lysosomal degradation of HMGB1 and blocking the binding of HMGB1 to the viral genome.

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FBP), a key glycolytic metabolite, is recognized for its cytoprotective effects during stress. However, the role of FBP in viral infections is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that virus-infected cells exhibit elevated FBP levels.

Real-Time Monitoring of Metal Ions during the Molten Salt Electrolysis Process by Optical Emission Spectrometry Based on Microplasma.

Molten salt electrolysis has been widely used in the production and separation of metals, but it still lacks in situ real-time analysis methods to monitor the electrolysis process. In this work, a microplasma spectroscopic real-time analysis (MIPECA) system is developed based on noncontact direct current (DC) glow discharge. With the MIPECA system, the atomic emission spectroscopy of Li and K could be obtained in situ in LiCl-KCl molten salt, and the impact of different operating conditions on spectral signals was investigated.

Core-shell Ni/SiO@ZrO catalyst for highly selective CO conversion accompanied by enhancing reaction stability.

CO RWGS reaction was considered to be a promising process for carbon dioxide conversion, however it retained a big challenge owing to methanation and metal sintering. Therefore, it was desperately needed to devise highly selective and stable catalyst. Herein, core-shell Ni/SiO@ZrO catalyst was successfully prepared via a combination of the wet impregnation and in-situ hydrothermal synthesis method, with ZrO as the coating shell.