An equation for calculating small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Objective: Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), as an emerging atherogenic factor of cardiovascular diseases, requires additional tests. We aimed to establish a sdLDL-C equation using standard lipid profile and evaluate its capacity of identifying the residual cardiovascular risk beyond LDL-C and apolipoprotein B (ApoB).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 25 435 participants from Health Management Cohort and 11 628 participants from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to construct and evaluate the sdLDL-C equation by least-squares regression model.

Ag nanoparticles induced abundant Cu sites in CuSe nanoflower rods to promote efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction to ethanol.

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (eCORR) is one of the attractive approaches to CO utilization. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to prepare highly efficient and selective electrocatalysts to realize deep conversion of multi-carbon products. The absence of active sites due to the reconfiguration of copper-based catalysts leads to migration deactivation during catalysis, rendering low catalytic efficiency.

Bow hunter's syndrome due to an anomalous right vertebral artery origin and contralateral absence: a case report and literature review.

Background: Bow Hunter's syndrome (BHS), also known as rotational vertebral artery occlusion (RVAO), is a rare condition characterized by dynamic vertebrobasilar insufficiency due to position-dependent occlusion of the vertebral artery (VA). In the existing literature, most cases of BHS are attributed to osteophytic compression originating from the occipital condyle or within the transverse foramen, often accompanied by anatomical abnormalities of the VA. However, cases presenting solely with VA anomalies in the absence of any cervical vertebral structural abnormality are rare.

Covalently Linking Reduced Graphene Oxide Facilitated Electrodeposition of MoS on Silicon Pyramidal Photocathode To Enhance Hydrogen Evolution.

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production owing to the utilization of sustainable solar energy and its promising performance. Silicon-based composites are generally considered ideal materials for PEC hydrogen production. However, slow reaction kinetics and poor stability are still key factors hindering the development of silicon-based photoelectrocatalysts.

The association between polyunsaturated fatty acids and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis.

: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease, and its development and prognosis are influenced by many nutrients. However, the relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and COPD remains unclear. : This study searched all literature reports on PUFAs and COPD based on electronic databases from their inception up to October 2023.

Metastasis-associated 1 localizes to the sarcomeric Z-disc and is implicated in skeletal muscle pathology.

Metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1), a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylation (NuRD) corepressor complex, was reported to be expressed in the cytoplasm of skeletal muscles. However, the exact subcellular localization and the functional implications of MTA1 in skeletal muscles have not been examined. This study aims to demonstrate the subcellular localization of MTA1 in skeletal muscles and reveal its possible roles in skeletal muscle pathogenesis.

Two-way rushing travel: Cathodic-anodic coupling of BiO-SnO@CuO nanowires, a bifunctional catalyst with excellent CORR and MOR performance for the efficient production of formate.

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) generates high value-added products and simultaneously reduces excess atmospheric CO concentrations, is regarded as a potential approach to achieve carbon neutrality. However, the kinetic process of the anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is slow, resulting in a poor electrochemical efficiency of CORR. It is a breakthrough to replace OER with methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), which has more advantageous reaction kinetics.

CT-based three-dimensional invasiveness analysis of adenocarcinoma presenting as pure ground-glass nodules.

Background: We invest computed tomography (CT) image differences between non-invasive adenocarcinomas (NIAs) and invasive adenocarcinomas (IAs) presenting as pure ground glass nodules (GGNs).

Methods: From 2013 to 2019, 48 pure GGNs were surgically resected in 45 patients. Of these, 40 were pathologically diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs).

Changes in Microeukaryotic Communities in the Grand Canal of China in Response to Floods.

Floods are frequent natural disasters and could have serious impacts on aquatic environments. Eukaryotic communities in artificial canals influenced by floods remain largely unexplored. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variabilities among eukaryotes in response to floods in the Grand Canal, China.

Cerebral edema after ischemic stroke: Pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms.

Ischemic stroke is associated with increasing morbidity and has become the main cause of death and disability worldwide. Cerebral edema is a serious complication arising from ischemic stroke. It causes an increase in intracranial pressure, rapid deterioration of neurological symptoms, and formation of cerebral hernia, and is an important risk factor for adverse outcomes after stroke.

Feasibility of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided lung resection for pulmonary ground-glass opacity nodules.

Background: Recent advances in imaging modalities and recommended low-dose computed tomography screening programs have made it easier to diagnose early lung cancer. However, the diagnosis of small ground-glass nodules (GGNs) has been problematic due to inappropriate specimen procurement and failure of conventional percutaneous core needle biopsy. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided video-assisted lung resection for not only the diagnosis but also treatment of GGNs.

Enhanced alcohol degradation and hepatic protective effects of an -derived product, CureZyme-ACE, in an acute intoxication rat model.

Excessive alcohol consumption induces acute intoxication and various hepatic diseases. In this study, we investigated the effect of the CureZyme-ACE (CA), (AP)-derived product, in acute intoxication rats. The ethanol and acetaldehyde levels of serum were lower in rats treated with CA than those who only treated ethanol.

sp. nov., isolated from cattail root soil from mine tailings.

A yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile rod shaped, mesophilic bacterium, designated strain N7XX-4, was isolated from cattail root grown on the mine tailings of Phoenix mountain, Tongling city, Anhui Province (PR China). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the strain represented a novel member of the family . The nearest phylogenetic neighbour was MSL-13 (97.

Differential expression of serum proteins in multiple myeloma.

The exact cause instigating multiple myeloma (MM) has not been fully elucidated, and the disease has a median survival of 6 months without any treatment. To identify potential biomarkers of MM, serum proteins reflecting alteration in their proteomes were analyzed in 6 patients with MM compared with 6 healthy controls using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of flight mass spectrometry. The most notable differentially expressed proteins were validated by immunoblotting and changes in mRNA expression were evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

A rare case of intracranial teratocarcinosarcoma: Case report and review of literature.

Background: Teratocarcinosarcoma (TCS) is a rare malignant neoplasm with epithelial and mesenchymal components such as fibroblasts, cartilage, bone and smooth muscle. With less than 100 total reported cases, this malignant neoplasm is rarely encountered by neurosurgeons because it primarily involves the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Case Description: A 55-year-old male with chronic frontal headaches was found to have a frontal mass with involvement of nasal sinus and right ethmoid sinus.

Antiobesity Effects of Short-Chain Chitosan in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Dietary chitosan is known for its antiobesity effects by combining with bile acid and lipid droplets. When the chitosan structure is broken into short chains, the fat-binding capacity increases. The aim of this study was to compare long-chain chitosan (LC) with short-chain chitosan (SC) for their antiobesity effects in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6J mice for 12 weeks.

β-elemene enhances anticancer bone neoplasms efficacy of paclitaxel through regulation of GPR124 in bone neoplasms cells.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects of β-elemene and paclitaxel for bone neoplasms. MTT assay, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, flow cytometry and immunostaining were used to analyze the combined effects of β-elemene and paclitaxel both and . The results demonstrated that combined treatment of β-elemene and paclitaxel (β-elemene-paclitaxel) significantly inhibited growth and aggressiveness of U-2OS cells compared with either β-elemene or paclitaxel treatment alone.

Dendropanax morbifera Prevents Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Inhibiting the Sp1/GATA4 Pathway.

An extract of Dendropanax morbifera branch exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and anticancer activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the extract in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Phalloidin staining showed that treatment with the extract dramatically prevents isoproterenol-induced H9c2 cell enlargement and the expression of cardiac hypertrophic marker genes, including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP).

Gallic acid improves cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in pressure overload-induced heart failure.

Gallic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid found in tea leaves and some plants. Here, we report the effect of gallic acid on cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in a mouse model of pressure overload-induced heart failure and in primary rat cardiac fibroblasts, and compare the effects of gallic acid with those of drugs used in clinics. Gallic acid reduces cardiac hypertrophy, dysfunction, and fibrosis induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) stimuli in vivo and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in vitro.

Gallic acid attenuates calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II-induced apoptosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Hypertension causes cardiac hypertrophy and leads to heart failure. Apoptotic cells are common in hypertensive hearts. Ca /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is associated with apoptosis.

Gallic Acid Reduces Blood Pressure and Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

Gallic acid (GA) has been reported to have beneficial effects on cancer, vascular calcification, and diabetes-induced myocardial dysfunction. We hypothesized that GA controls hypertension via oxidative stress response regulation in an animal model for essential hypertension. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were administered GA for 16 weeks.

Gallic acid attenuates pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model of transverse aortic contraction-induced heart failure.

Gallic acid, a trihydroxybenzoic acid found in tea and other plants, attenuates cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and hypertension in animal models. However, the role of gallic acid in heart failure remains unknown. In this study, we show that gallic acid administration prevents heart failure-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Expression of Class I and Class II a/b Histone Deacetylase is Dysregulated in Hypertensive Animal Models.

Background And Objectives: Dysregulation of histone deacetylase expression and enzymatic activity is associated with a number of diseases. It has been reported that protein levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 and HDAC5 increase during human pulmonary hypertension, and that the enzymatic activity of HDAC6 is induced in a chronic hypertensive animal model. This study investigated the protein expression profiles of class I and II a/b HDACs in three systemic hypertension models.

Benefits of Statin Therapy in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction With Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ≤ 50 mg/dl.

Previous trials have found that statin therapy reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and the risk of cardiovascular events. However, the benefit of statin therapy in patients with baseline LDL-C levels ≤ 50 mg/dl is less clear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who have baseline LDL-C levels ≤ 50 mg/dl would benefit from statin therapy in real-world clinical practice.

Gallic acid attenuates hypertension, cardiac remodeling, and fibrosis in mice with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced hypertension via regulation of histone deacetylase 1 or histone deacetylase 2.

Objective: Gallic acid, a natural chemical found in plants, has been reported to show antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the efficacy of a short-term or long-term treatment with gallic acid in N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive mice and the underlying regulatory mechanism.

Methods: Hypertension was sufficiently induced after 2 weeks of L-NAME administration.