Hesperidin protects against IL-1β-induced inflammation in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.

Hesperidin is a vitamin P flavonoid compound primarily present in citrus fruits, which possesses an anti-inflammatory effect. The functional role of hesperidin in interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated human osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes is still unknown. In the present study, anti-inflammatory effects of hesperidin in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes were investigated.

Ketogenic Diet Compromises Both Cancellous and Cortical Bone Mass in Mice.

To clarify osteoporotic effects of ketogenic diet (KD) on cancellous and cortical bone compared with ovariectomy (OVX) in mice. Forty female C57BL/6J 8-week-old mice were randomly divided into SD+Sham, SD+OVX, KD+Sham, and KD+OVX groups, and fed for 12 weeks. The distal femur of trabecular bone and the middle femur of cortical bone were evaluated with Micro-CT scanning.

Nuclear translocation of CBP/p300-interacting protein CITED1 induced by parathyroid hormone requires serine phosphorylation at position 79 in its 63-84 domain.

The transcriptional cofactor CITED1 inhibits osteoblastic differentiation and blunts the stimulation of osteoblastic differentiation by parathyroid hormone (PTH). In the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cell line, we found that CITED1 was located predominantly in the cytoplasm and that hPTH(1-34) increased translocation of CITED1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. This response to hPTH(1-34) was not observed when all 9 serine residues within the 63-84 domain of CITED1 were mutated to alanines (CITED1 9S>A) or when a single serine to alanine mutation was made at position 79 (CITED1 S(79)>A).

Determination of isoniazid concentration in rabbit vertebrae by isotope tracing technique in conjunction with HPLC.

Medications compounded with isoniazid (INH) are usually applied to surgical sites at the completion of surgery to locally kill postoperative residual tubercle bacilli. However, the distribution and elimination of INH in the vertebrae in vivo are not known. In this study, isotope tracing was used in conjunction with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) to address this.

[Serine residues at position 63-84 are important for CITED1 nuclear translocation and osteoblast differentiation].

Objective: To determine the role of serine residues at position 63-84 of CITED1 in the nuclear translocation of CITED1 and osteoblast differentiation.

Methods: We engineered all the 9 phosphorylated serine residues of CITED1 with a serine-to-alanine mutation at position 63-84. MC3T3E1 cells transfected with pCDNA3-CFP-CITED1 63-84 (9S>A), pCDNA3-CFP-CITED1, and vehicle plasmid were examined with confocal laser scanning microscopy before and after treatment with 100 nmol/L parathyroid hormone [PTH(1-34)] to observe the changes in the intracellular localization of CITED1.

[Effects of signaling-selective parathyroid hormone peptide analog on fracture healing in orchiectomized mouse models].

Objective: To assess the effect of intermittent subcutaneous injections of signal-selective parathyroid hormone (PTH) peptide analog on fracture healing in orchiectomized mouse models.

Methods: Thirty-six 7-week-old C57/BL male mice were orchiectomized and injected with hPTH(1-34), the signal-selective PTH peptide analog [Gly(1), Arg(19)]hPTH (1-34), or an identical volume of vehicle 1 week after induction of femoral fracture. At 14 and 28 days after the operation, the mice were sacrificed for measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the callus using by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Methylprednisolone inhibits Nogo-A protein expression after acute spinal cord injury.

Oligodendrocyte-produced Nogo-A has been shown to inhibit axonal regeneration. Methylprednisolone plays an effective role in treating spinal cord injury, but the effect of methylprednisolone on Nogo-A in the injured spinal cord remains unknown. The present study established a rat model of acute spinal cord injury by the weight-drop method.

Interleukin-18-induced inflammatory responses in synoviocytes and chondrocytes from osteoarthritic patients.

The major pathological changes of osteoarthritis (OA) include cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation. Previous studies confirmed that interleukin-1 (IL-1) stimulates the secretion of multiple inflammatory factors in synoviocytes and chondrocytes. IL-18 is a member of the IL-1 superfamily.

[Effect of signal-selective parathyroid hormone analogue peptide on expressions of Wnt signaling factors].

Objective: To study the effect of signal-selective parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogue peptide on Wnt signaling factors in osteoblasts isolated from neonatal mouse, and provide theoretical basis for the mechanism of PTH's function in bone metabolism.

Methods: Osteoblasts were isolated from calvaria of 2-3-day-old C57BL neonatal mouse and identified by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and Alizarin red staining. The cells at passage 1 were divided into 4 groups: control group, PTH (1-34) group, G1R19 (1-34) group, and G1R19 (1-28) group.

Expression of Fas receptor and apoptosis in vertebral endplates with degenerative disc diseases categorized as Modic type I or II.

Study Design: Vertebral endplate tissues were obtained from patients with degenerated lumbar disc classified as Modic type 1 or type 2 and investigated with immunohistochemical staining and the DNA nick end labelling techniques.

Objective: To examine the expression of fas receptor (FasR) and apoptosis in the endplate cells isolated from patients with degenerative disc disease and to see whether they are associated with the pathological change of endplate.

Methods: Fifty-six degenerated lumbar endplate specimens were obtained from the patients with degenerative disc disease categorized as type Modic I or II in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and eight nondegenerated specimens as control (vertebra burst fracture patients without degenerative change in MRI) during surgical procedures.

[Biological characteristics of human degenerative vertebral endplate cells].

Objective: To observe the morphology and phenotypes of cells extracted from the endplate in the intervertebral discs and identify the factors affecting their biological characteristic.

Methods: The intervertebral disc endplate were digested enzymatically, and the morphology of the obtained cells was examined under light microscope. Immunhistochemical analysis of collagen II and real-time PCR was carried out, and the morphologies, viability, cell growth, apoptosis and chondrocyte matrix production were compared between the cells isolated from the degenerative and normal vertebral endplates.

[Expressions of interleukin 18 and prostaglandin E2 and their correlation in the synoviocytes of patients with osteoarthritis].

Objective: To explore the expression of interleukin 18 (IL-18) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and their relationship in the synoviocytes of patients with osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: The synovial tissues were obtained from 30 OA patients to isolate the synoviocytes for primary culture. The concentrations of IL-18 and PGE2 in the supernatants of synoviocyte culture were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).