Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide alleviates constipation by regulating intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbiota and their metabolites.

Constipation is a clinical condition characterized by reduced intestinal motility, dry and hardened stool, and prolonged retention. Common constipation medicines are less stable, and prolonged use can lead to dependency and side effects. , a well-known Traditional Chinese Medicine, is frequently used to alleviate constipation.

Order-disorder behavior in the ferroelectric nematic phase investigated via Raman spectroscopy.

Polar-ordered fluids are of interest both fundamentally and from an application standpoint. The recently discovered ferroelectric nematic phase is an example of a polar-ordered fluid, and while there has been extensive research interest in these materials, some of the fundamental properties are yet to be fully understood. Here, we report the order parameters of one of the first known materials that exhibit a ferroelectric nematic phase, RM734, determined via Raman spectroscopy.

Optical frequency domain reflectometry-based high-performance distributed sensing empowered by a data and physics-driven neural network.

Optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) based distributed strain sensors are the preferred choice for achieving accurate strain measurements over extensive sensing ranges while maintaining exceptional spatial resolution. However, the simultaneous realization of high spatial resolution, high strain resolution, large strain range, and an extended sensing range presents an exceedingly challenging endeavor. In this study, we introduce and experimentally demonstrate a data and physics-driven neural network-empowered OFDR system designed to attain high-performance distributed sensing.

Interactions of multiple stressors on the Bombay-duck Harpadon nehereus population in a complex estuarine ecosystem.

In an era marked by unprecedented anthropogenic change, marine systems are increasingly subjected to interconnected and dynamic external stressors, which profoundly reshape the behavior and resilience of marine ecological components. Nevertheless, despite widespread recognition of the significance of stressor interactions, there persist notable knowledge deficits in quantifying their interactions and the specific biological consequences that result. To bridge this crucial gap, this research detected and examined the causal relationships between five key exogenous stressors in a complex estuarine ecosystem.

Magnetic-Controlled Microrobot: Real-Time Detection and Tracking through Deep Learning Approaches.

As one of the most significant research topics in robotics, microrobots hold great promise in biomedicine for applications such as targeted diagnosis, targeted drug delivery, and minimally invasive treatment. This paper proposes an enhanced YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once version 5) microrobot detection and tracking system (MDTS), incorporating a visual tracking algorithm to elevate the precision of small-target detection and tracking. The improved YOLOv5 network structure is used to take magnetic bodies with sizes of 3 mm and 1 mm and a magnetic microrobot with a length of 2 mm as the pretraining targets, and the training weight model is used to obtain the position information and motion information of the microrobot in real time.

Control of Self-Winding Microrobot Using an Electromagnetic Drive System: Integration of Movable Electromagnetic Coil and Permanent Magnet.

Achieving precise control over the motion position and attitude direction of magnetic microrobots remains a challenging task in the realm of microrobotics. To address this challenge, our research team has successfully implemented synchronized control of a microrobot's motion position and attitude direction through the integration of electromagnetic coils and permanent magnets. The whole drive system consists of two components.

Maternal exposure to particulate matter from duck houses restricts fetal growth due to inflammatory damage and oxidative stress.

The composition of particulate matter (PM) in poultry farms differs significantly from that of atmospheric PM as there is a higher concentration of microbes on farms. To assess the health effects of PM from poultry farms on pregnant animals, we collected PM from duck houses using a particulate sampler, processed it via centrifugation and vacuum concentration, and subsequently exposed the mice to airborne PM at 0.48 mg/m (i.

Studies on the airborne bacterial communities and antimicrobial resistance genes in duck houses based on metagenome and PCR analysis.

The threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is on the rise globally, especially with the development of animal husbandry and the increased demand for antibiotics. Livestock and poultry farms, as key sites for prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), can spread antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) through microbial aerosols and affect public health. In this study, total suspended particulate matter (TSP) and airborne culturable microorganisms were collected from duck houses in Tai'an, Shandong Province, and the bacterial communities and airborne ARGs were analyzed using metagenomics and PCR methods.

Clinical efficacy and biomarker analysis of neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemotherapy for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: a experimental single-arm phase II clinical trial pilot study.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a dismal prognosis. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising antitumor activity in neoadjuvant settings. This single-arm, phase II trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus chemotherapy as the neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in early TNBC.

Optical frequency domain reflectometry with broadened frequency sweep range assisted by a dual electro-optic frequency comb.

We propose an optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) with the assistance of a dual electro-optic frequency comb (EOFC), which is intended to improve the system spatial resolution. As the spatial resolution of an OFDR system is inversely proportional to the frequency sweep range, the EOFC acts as a multi-frequency light source for collecting Rayleigh backscattering signals, which are combined to extend the effective frequency sweep range. By utilizing this technique, we have successfully expanded the experimental frequency sweep range to hundreds of gigahertz, achieving a sub-millimeter spatial resolution.

The differential diagnosis of lichenoid keratosis and seborrheic keratosis with reflectance confocal microscopy: a preliminary study.

Backgrounds And Objectives: Lichenoid keratosis (LK, or lichen planus-like keratosis, LPLK) and seborrheic keratosis (SK) present as similar benign keratotic lesions on cosmetically sensitive area, but require different therapies. Both lesions can be easily differentiated based on histological evaluation of biopsy materials. However, the biopsies may cause scarring and result in hyper-pigmentation, which reduces the compliance of the patients to be treated.

The modified shrinkage classification modes could help to guide breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer.

Purpose: The traditional shrinkage classification modes might not suitable for guiding breast conserving surgery (BCS) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). Aim was to explore the modified shrinkage classification modes to guide BCS after NAT.

Methods: From April 2010 to 2018, 104 patients were included.

Laboratory indicators predict axillary nodal pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer.

The purpose was to integrate clinicopathological and laboratory indicators to predict axillary nodal pathologic complete response (apCR) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT). The pretreatment clinicopathological and laboratory indicators of 416 clinical nodal-positive breast cancer patients who underwent surgery after NAT were analyzed from April 2015 to 2020. Predictive factors of apCR were examined by logistic analysis.

Mutant Allele Frequency-Based Intra-Tumoral Genetic Heterogeneity Related to the Tumor Shrinkage Mode After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients.

The shrinkage mode of tumor extent after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an important index to evaluate the odds of breast-conserving surgery. However, there is no sufficient measurement to predict the shrinkage mode after NAC. In this study, we analyzed 24 patients' formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples before and after treatment and analyzed 456 cancer-related genes panel by using target next-generation sequencing.

Rayleigh speckle-based wavemeter with high dynamic range and fast reference speckle establishment process assisted by optical frequency combs.

Compact speckle-based spectrometers that acquire lightwave wavelength from the speckle generated by turbid media are promising for high-resolution spectral analysis. For these devices, the reference establishment process is time consuming, and it is very difficult to obtain reference speckles covering a wide bandwidth with high resolution, which restricts the dynamic range in frequency (the ratio of bandwidth to resolution). In this Letter, we introduce optical frequency combs (OFCs) to the system to overcome these problems, which exist in the wavemeter based on Rayleigh speckle obtained from a single-mode fiber.

Predictive factors of pathologically node-negative disease for HER2 positive and triple-negative breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.

Background: With the improvement of the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) that is guided by molecular subtypes, the rate of pathologically node-negative disease after NAT (ypN0) is increasing for HER2 positive (HER2+) and triple-negative (TN) breast cancer patients. The necessity of axillary surgery for patients with high ypN0 has been questioned. This study aimed to identify patients among HER2+ and TN breast cancer with low risk for axillary metastases after NAT, and, perhaps, they are suitable for selective elimination of axillary surgery staging.

Performance of Heat-Insulating Materials Doped with Basalt Fibres for Use in Mines.

To solve high-temperature-induced hazards in mines, heat-insulating materials were prepared by utilising basalt fibres and high-strength ceramsite combined with cementing materials. Through orthogonal tests and data analyses, the optimal combination of the heat-insulating materials doped with basalt fibres was determined as ABC, that is, doping with 45% basalt fibres, a length of the basalt fibres of 6 mm, and doping with 20% ceramsite. The performance indices corresponding to the optimal comprehensive combination of the heat-insulating materials doped with basalt fibres included a density of 1200 kg/m, thermal conductivity of 0.

Long-range and wide-band vibration sensing by using phase-sensitive OFDR to interrogate a weak reflector array.

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel quasi-distributed fiber-optic vibration sensing system, which can achieve vibration measurement with a wide frequency response over a long distance. The system is based on phase-sensitive optical frequency domain reflectometry (ϕ-OFDR). The sensing part is a single-mode fiber (SMF) with auxiliary weak reflection points along it.