Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Cross-Electrophile Couplings: Stereoselective Syntheses of 5-7-Membered Azacycles.

Cobalt complexes of chiral pyrox ligands catalyzed enantioselective reductive couplings of nonconjugated iododienes with aryl iodides or alkenyl bromides. The reaction enabled stereoselective syntheses of 5-7-membered azacycles carrying quaternary stereocenters. Mechanistically, cross-electrophile selectivity originated from selective coupling of alkylcobalt(I) complexes generated after cyclization with aryl iodides.

Catalytic enantioselective alkenylation-heteroarylation of olefins: stereoselective syntheses of 5-7 membered azacycles and oxacycles.

Catalytic enantioselective domino alkenylation-heteroarylation of nonconjugated iododienes proceeded with excellent stereoselectivity and broad scope of substrates. The reaction enables stereoselective syntheses of substituted azacycles such as piperidine, pyrrolidine azepine and dihydropyrans carrying new quaternary stereocenters. Mechanistically, C-H bonds of heterocycles were activated by lithium alkoxides reversible deprotonation, rather than conventional palladium(ii)-assisted metalation processes.

Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Conjugate Arylation and Heteroarylation via an Elementary Mechanism of 1,4-Addition.

A nickel complex of isoquinox promoted enantioselective conjugate arylation and heteroarylation of enones using aryl and heteroaryl halides directly. The reaction was successfully applied to stereoselective syntheses of -turmerone, chiral fragments of (+)-tolterodine and AZD5672. Mechanistically, experiments and calculations supported that an arylnickel(I) complex inserted to enones via an elementary 1,4-addition.

Design of GSH-Responsive Curcumin Nanomicelles for Oesophageal Cancer Therapy.

Oesophageal cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the most common treatment methods for oesophageal cancer. However, traditional chemotherapy drugs have poor targeting performance and cause serious adverse drug reactions.

Prognostic Value of MUC16 Mutation and Its Correlation with Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.

Objective: Identifying gene mutation signatures will enable a better understanding for the occurrence, development, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and provide some potential biomarkers for clinical practice. This study investigated the mutated genes in HCC patients and assessed their relationship with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and prognosis.

Methods: The somatic mutation annotation format (MAF) document, mRNA expression matrix, and clinical information of HCC patients were obtained from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Prognosis assessment of CD44/CD24 in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This meta-analysis investigated the relationships between the CD44/CD24 phenotype and tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) in 8036 postoperative breast cancer patients enrolled in 23 studies.

Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and PMC was conducted to identify eligible studies. The combined odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were analyzed to evaluate the relationships between the CD44/CD24 phenotype and the pathological and biological characteristics of breast cancer patients, and the combined hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the relationships between CD44/CD24 and DFS and OS of breast cancer patients using Stata12.

FAT1 and PTPN14 Regulate the Malignant Progression and Chemotherapy Resistance of Esophageal Cancer through the Hippo Signaling Pathway.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common malignant tumor, which brings heavy economic burden to patients and society. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanism of recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance of esophageal cancer.

Methods: Human esophageal cancer cell line TE13 (poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma) and normal human esophageal epithelial cell line het-1a were selected for aseptic culture.

STAT3 inhibitor stattic enhances radiosensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The radioresistance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains an obstacle for the effective radiotherapy of ESCC. This study aimed to investigate the radiosensitization of ESCC by signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor stattic. ECA109, TE13, and KYSE150 cell lines were exposed to hypoxia and treated with stattic or radiation, alone or in combination.

Targets and molecular mechanisms of triptolide in cancer therapy.

Triptolide (TPL/TL) is a natural drug with novel anticancer effects. Preclinical studies indicated that TPL inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell apoptosis, inhibits tumor metastasis and enhances the effect of other therapeutic methods in various cancer cell lines. Multiple molecules and signaling pathways, such as caspases, heat-shock proteins, NF-κB, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair-associated factors, are associated with the anti-cancer effect.

Berberine inhibits the expression of hypoxia induction factor-1alpha and increases the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer.

Background: The radiation resistance of prostate cancer remains the primary obstacle to improve patient survival. This study aimed to investigate the effects of berberine, a commonly used natural product, on the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer.

Methods: Prostate cancer cell line LNCaP and DU-145 were subjected to hypoxia and/or ionizing radiation (IR), in the presence or absence of berberine treatment.