NbNAC1 enhances plant immunity against TMV by regulating isochorismate synthase 1 expression and the SA pathway.

Salicylic acid (SA) plays important roles in plant local and systemic resistance. Isochorismate synthase 1 (ICS1) is a key enzyme in SA synthesis. Pathogens infection triggered the ICS1 expression and induced SA production.

Identification and pathogenicity analysis of Fusarium spp. on peach in China.

Background: Vascular system is affected by diseases that can seriously damage plant health by inducing browning and death of branches. This study aimed to identify and analyze the pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. isolates obtained from diseased peach branches in several peach-producing areas of China.

Wheat rhizosphere colonization by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W10 and Pseudomonas protegens FD6 suppress soil and in planta abundance of the sharp eyespot pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis.

Aims: Develop quantitative assays (qPCR) to determine the wheat rhizosphere competence of inoculant strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W10 and Pseudomonas protegens FD6, and their suppressive efficacies against the sharp eyespot pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis.

Methods And Results: Antimicrobial metabolites of strains W10 and FD6 decreased in vitro growth of R. cerealis.

Integrative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal a positive role of BES1 in salt tolerance in .

Introduction: Salt stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and development. Previous studies have indicated that the steroidal hormones-brassinosteroids (BRs) are important regulators of plant responses to salt stress. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood.

Pyridoxine biosynthesis protein MoPdx1 affects the development and pathogenicity of .

B vitamins are essential micro-organic compounds for the development of humans and animals. Vitamin B6 comprises a group of components including pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine. In addition, vitamin B6 acts as the coenzymes in amino acid biosynthesis, decarboxylation, racemic reactions, and other biological processes.

Broad-spectrum resistance mechanism of serine protease Sp1 in W10 dual comparative transcriptome analysis.

Antagonistic microorganisms are considered to be the most promising biological controls for plant disease. However, they are still not as popular as chemical pesticides due to complex environmental factors in the field. It is urgent to exploit their potential genetic characteristics and excellent properties to develop biopesticides with antimicrobial substances as the main components.

Rapid Detection of Peach Shoot Blight Caused by Utilizing a New Target Gene Identified from Genome Sequences Within Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification.

Peach shoot blight (PSB), caused by , is a serious threat to the healthy development of the peach industry and leads to 30 to 50% damage to peach production in southern China. In this study, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology was used to detect the target of a gene of GME6801 that was unique in the whole genome of the pathogen compared with that of () TWH P74, PH-1, SMCG1 and 70-15. Blast comparison of this gene sequence in NCBI database showed that no homologous sequences were found.

Glutathione contributes to resistance responses to TMV through a differential modulation of salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species.

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is induced by pathogens and confers protection against a broad range of pathogens. Several SAR signals have been characterized, but the nature of the other unknown signalling by small metabolites in SAR remains unclear. Glutathione (GSH) has long been implicated in the defence reaction against biotic stress.

Molecular and Biological Characterization of Two New Species Causing Peach Shoot Blight in China.

Peach shoot blight (PSB), which kills shoots, newly sprouted leaf buds, and peach fruits, has gradually increased over the last 10 years and resulted in 30 to 50% of total production loss of the peach industry in China. has been identified as the common causal agent of this disease. In this study, two new species, (strain JW18-2) and (strain JH18-2), were also pathogens causing PSB, as determined through molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-α () and beta-tubulin (), and colony and conidial morphological characteristics.

Coiled-Coil N21 of Hpa1 in pv. Promotes Plant Growth, Disease Resistance and Drought Tolerance in Non-Hosts via Eliciting HR and Regulation of Multiple Defense Response Genes.

Acting as a typical harpin protein, Hpa1 of pv. is one of the pathogenic factors in hosts and can elicit hypersensitive responses (HR) in non-hosts. To further explain the underlying mechanisms of its induced resistance, we studied the function of the most stable and shortest three heptads in the N-terminal coiled-coil domain of Hpa1, named N21.

Induced resistance in nectarine fruit by Bacillus licheniformis W10 for the control of brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola.

Brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola has led to considerable preharvest and postharvest losses in all major nectarine fruit-growing areas. In our previous study, we successfully identified a biocontrol strain of bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis W10, that can be used to control brown rot. However, the possible mechanism of the control of brown rot by B.

Alpha-momorcharin enhances Nicotiana benthamiana resistance to tobacco mosaic virus infection through modulation of reactive oxygen species.

Alpha-momorcharin (α-MMC), a member of the plant ribosomal inactivating proteins (RIPs) family, has been proven to exhibit important biological properties in animals, including antiviral, antimicrobial, and antitumour activities. However, the mechanism by which α-MMC increases plant resistance to viral infections remains unclear. To study the effect of α-MMC on plant viral defence and how α-MMC increases plant resistance to viruses, recombinant DNA and transgenic technologies were employed to investigate the role of α-MMC in Nicotiana benthamiana resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection.

Identification and characterization of a serine protease from Bacillus licheniformis W10: A potential antifungal agent.

Bacillus licheniformis W10 is a strain of biocontrol bacteria that was obtained from plant rhizosphere screening. In this study, we purified, identified, and carried out bioinformatics analysis of the W10 antifungal protein from Bacillus licheniformis. Mass spectrometry analysis was carried out by passing the antifungal protein through a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer.

Expression of the small cysteine-rich protein SCR96 from Phytophthora cactorum in mammalian cells: phytotoxicity and exploitation of its polyclonal antibody.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the expression of a novel small cysteine-rich (SCR) effector protein SCR96 from the phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora cactorum in mammalian cells, its bioactivity and to exploit its polyclonal antibody.

Results: The gene encoding the SCR effector protein SCR96 was codon-optimized, custom-synthesized, cloned into pcDNA3.1(-) and overexpressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293-6E cells.

Simultaneous silencing of two target genes using virus-induced gene silencing technology in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an effective strategy for rapid gene function analysis. It is well established that the NAC transcription factor and salicylic acid (SA) signal pathway play essential roles in response to biotic stresses. However, simultaneous silencing of two target genes using VIGS in plants has been rarely reported.

The Plant Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins Play Important Roles in Defense against Pathogens and Insect Pest Attacks.

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are toxic -glycosidases that depurinate eukaryotic and prokaryotic rRNAs, thereby arresting protein synthesis during translation. RIPs are widely found in various plant species and within different tissues. It is demonstrated and in transgenic plants that RIPs have been connected to defense by antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and insecticidal activities.

Two coiled-coil regions of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae harpin differ in oligomerization and hypersensitive response induction.

Hpa1(Xoo) (harpin) is a type III secreted protein of the rice blight bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae that elicits a hypersensitive response (HR) in nonhost tobacco. Hpa1(Xoo) is predicted to contain two potential coiled-coil (CC) regions, one at the N-terminus with a high probability of formation, and one at the C-terminus with a lower probability of formation.

Mutations in the N-terminal coding region of the harpin protein Hpa1 from Xanthomonas oryzae cause loss of hypersensitive reaction induction in tobacco.

Harpins encoded by many gram-negative phytopathogenic bacterial hrp genes induce hypersensitive response (HR) and associated defense responses on nonhost plants. Hpa1(Xoo) and Hpa1(Xoc), two harpin proteins from Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars, induce HR when infiltrated into tobacco leaves. N- and C-terminal mutations of Hpa1(Xoo) and Hpa1(Xoc), respectively, were tested for their ability to elicit HR on tobacco.