Identification of miR-1 and miR-499 in chronic atrial fibrillation by bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent arrhythmias and is characterized by a high risk of heart failure and embolic stroke, yet its underlying mechanism is unclear. The primary goal of this study was to establish a miRNA-mRNA network and identify the miRNAs associated with chronic AF by bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Methods: The GSE79768 dataset was collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database to extract data from patients with or without persistent AF.

Transcriptomic analysis of epicardial adipose tissue reveals the potential crosstalk genes and immune relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation.

Background: The complex relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggests a potential role for epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) that requires further investigation. This study employs bioinformatics and experimental approaches to clarify EAT's role in linking T2DM and AF, aiming to unravel the biological mechanisms involved.

Method: Bioinformatics analysis initially identified common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EAT from T2DM and AF datasets.

Targeting myocardial inflammation: investigating the therapeutic potential of atrial natriuretic peptide in atrial fibrosis.

Background: Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a prevalent arrhythmic condition, is intricately associated with atrial fibrosis, a major pathological contributor. Central to the development of atrial fibrosis is myocardial inflammation. This study focuses on Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) and its role in mitigating atrial fibrosis, aiming to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which ANP exerts its effects, with an emphasis on fibroblast dynamics.

mtDNA extramitochondrial replication mediates mitochondrial defect effects.

A high ratio of severe mitochondrial defects causes multiple human mitochondrial diseases. However, until now, the rescue signal of such mitochondrial defect effects has not been clear. Here, we built fly mitochondrial defect models by knocking down the essential mitochondrial genes and .

MicroRNA-499-5p inhibits transforming growth factor-β1-induced Smad2 signaling pathway and suppresses fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis in rat by targeting TGFβ-R1.

Background: Artial fibrosis has been recognized as a typical pathological change in atrial fibrillation. Although present evidence suggests that microRNA-499-5p (miR-499-5p) plays an important role in the development of atrial fibrosis, the specific mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore, this study attempted to assess the influence of miR-499-5p on atrial fibroblasts and explore the potential molecular mechanism.

HIB/SPOP inhibits Ci/Gli-mediated tumorigenesis by modulating the RNA Polymerase II components stabilities.

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling mediated by transcription factor Ci/Gli plays a vital role in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis in invertebrates and vertebrates, whose dysregulation leads to many human disorders, including cancer. However, till now, cofactors of Ci/Gli which can affect tumorigenesis are not well known. Here, through genetic screen, we find overexpression of active Ci alone is not sufficient to generate tumor-like eye phenotype in , however, its overexpression combined with knockdown of causes a striking tumor-like big eye phenotype.

Predictive value of pre-procedural N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level for atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation.

Introduction: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been demonstrated as a valuable risk marker for mortality and morbidity of cardiovascular disease. Recurrence after atrial fibrillation (AF) radiofrequency catheter ablation remains common.

Aim: We investigated the predictive value of the pre-procedural level of NT-proBNP to differentiate high-risk patients for post-ablation AF recurrence.

The transformation of atrial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts is promoted by trimethylamine N-oxide via the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Atrial fibrosis is an important pathophysiological mechanism in the development and maintenance of atrial fibrillation. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is one of the most widely studied microbial metabolites involved in the promotion of cardiac fibrosis. TMAO promotes phenotypic transformation, proliferation, and migration and increases collagen secretion in cardiac fibroblasts.

The prognostic significance of left atrial appendage peak flow velocity in the recurrence of persistent atrial fibrillation following first radiofrequency catheter ablation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) relapse following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) continues to be a concern. This study establishes a connection between left atrial appendage peak flow velocity (LAAV) and recurrence of AF in individuals having PeAF following first RFCA.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 164 successive PeAF patients who had first RFCA between January 2018 and December 2019.

Amplitude reduction of autonomic nerve function is correlated with ablation lesion quality in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.

Objective: Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) is a common procedure that is performed on patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, AF may recur in some patients after treatment. This study assesses the association between autonomic modulation and late recurrence after CPVI and between autonomic modulation and ablation lesion quality.

Effects of febuxostat on atrial remodeling in a rabbit model of atrial fibrillation induced by rapid atrial pacing.

Background: Febuxostat, a novel nonpurine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XO), may be used in the prevention and management of atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of febuxostat on atrial remodeling in a rabbit model of AF induced by rapid atrial pacing (RAP) and the mechanisms by which it acts.

Methods: Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: sham-operated group (Group S), RAP group (Group P), RAP with 5 mg/kg per day febuxostat group (Group LFP), and RAP with 10 mg/kg per day febuxostat group (Group HFP).

E3 ligase Herc4 regulates Hedgehog signalling through promoting Smoothened degradation.

Hedgehog (Hh) signalling plays conserved roles in controlling embryonic development; its dysregulation causes many diseases including cancers. The G protein-coupled receptor Smoothened (Smo) is the key signal transducer of the Hh pathway, whose posttranslational regulation has been shown to be critical for its accumulation and activation. Ubiquitination has been reported an essential posttranslational regulation of Smo.

Diagnostic Performance of a Smart Device With Photoplethysmography Technology for Atrial Fibrillation Detection: Pilot Study (Pre-mAFA II Registry).

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. The asymptomatic nature and paroxysmal frequency of AF lead to suboptimal early detection. A novel technology, photoplethysmography (PPG), has been developed for AF screening.

[The relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels and atrial fibrillation early recurrence after paroxysmal atrial fibrillation radiofrequency catheter ablation].

Objective: To prospectively clarify the predictive value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) on the risk for recurrent atrial arrhythmia in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) population who accepted radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods: There were 57 consecutive patients (53.32±9.

The deubiquitinase UCHL5/UCH37 positively regulates Hedgehog signaling by deubiquitinating Smoothened.

The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays important roles in developmental processes including pattern formation and tissue homeostasis. The seven-pass transmembrane receptor Smoothened (Smo) is the pivotal transducer in the pathway; it, and thus the pathway overall, is regulated by ubiquitin-mediated degradation, which occurs in the absence of Hh. In the presence of Hh, the ubiquitination levels of Smo are decreased, but the molecular basis for this outcome is not well understood.

Surface electrocardiography characteristics and radiofrequency catheter ablation of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias originating from the left infero-septal papillary muscles: differences from those originating from the left posterior fascicle.

Aims: Distinguishing between ventricular arrhythmias originating from the left ventricular infero-septal papillary muscles (PM) and those from the left posterior fascicle (LPF) by surface electrocardiography (ECG) is very difficult. This study aimed to report the ECG characteristics and radiofrequency catheter ablation of PM and LPF ventricular arrhythmias.

Methods And Results: A total of 127 patients underwent catheter ablation of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias originating from the LPF (n = 106; 85 males; 10-70 years) or PM (n = 21; 14 males; 4-68 years) were studied.

Febuxostat attenuates paroxysmal atrial fibrillation-induced regional endothelial dysfunction.

Background: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) can increase thrombogenesis risk, especially in the left atrium (LA). The exact mechanism is still unclear.

Objective: We assessed the effects of PAF on endothelial function, and investigated if febuxostat (FX) can attenuate endothelial dysfunction by inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO).

Radiofrequency ablation of metastatic chondrosarcoma-associated refractory ventricular tachycardia originating from the right ventricular outflow tract: A case report and literature review.

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) and premature contraction originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) usually appear in healthy individuals. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is highly effective at resolving this type of arrhythmia. Refractory VT of RVOT is uncommon and occasionally results from cardiac metastasis of extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcomas (ESMC).

Assessing bleeding risk in 4824 Asian patients with atrial fibrillation: The Beijing PLA Hospital Atrial Fibrillation Project.

The risks of major bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) are higher in Asian patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared to non-Asians. We aimed to investigate risk factors for bleeding, and validate the predictive value of available bleeding risk scores (mOBRI, HEMORR2HAGES, Shireman, HAS-BLED, ATRIA and ORBIT) in a large cohort of Chinese inpatients with AF. Using hospital electronic medical databases, we identified 4824 AF patients (mean age 67 years; 34.

[Predict value of time to peak of systolic velocity derived from velocity vector imaging on cardiac resynchronization therapy response in refractory heart failure patients].

Objective: To investigate the impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on left ventricular systolic function evaluated by velocity vector imaging (VVI) in refractory heart failure patients and the predictive value of VVI on CRT responses.

Methods: This study included 38 patients with medically refractory heart failure (HF) patients underwent CRT in our department from May 2007 to April 2011. Left ventricular long axis dyssynchrony indexes including time to peak of systolic velocity (Ts max-min), standard deviation of the time to peak of systolic velocity (Ts-SD) before and at 3-6 months post CRT.

Is dabigatran efficacy enough to prevent stroke in atrial fibrillation patient with high CHADS2 score during peri-procedural catheter radiofrequency ablation? A case report with literature review.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major cause of thromboembolic (TE) events including stroke and transient ischemic attacks, catheter radiofrequency ablation (CA) has been demonstrated to effectively eliminate AF in majority of patients. During the peri-procedural CA of AF, dabigatran, a reversible direct thrombin inhibitor, has been proved as safe and efficacy as warfarin in the prevention of thromboembolic complication. However, for patients with CHADS2 score ≥3, sometimes dabigatran may not be an ideal substitute of warfarin.

Increased CD160 expression on circulating natural killer cells in atherogenesis.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) presents characteristic of a chronic inflammatory disease in which both adaptive and innate immune cells play roles. Accumulating evidence has showed the impairment of natural killer (NK) cells in atherosclerosis, however, the mechanisms of this impairment remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of CD160 on NK cells and assessed its pathological roles in NK loss during atherogenesis.

Renal denervation suppresses atrial fibrillation in a model of renal impairment.

Background: A close association exists between renal impairment (RI) and atrial fibrillation (AF) occurrence. Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) may contribute to the development of AF associated with RI. Renal denervation (RDN) decreases central sympathetic activity.

Effects of body mass index on risks for ischemic stroke, thromboembolism, and mortality in Chinese atrial fibrillation patients: a single-center experience.

Background: Obesity is considered to be related to recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), left atrial thrombus formation, and atrial remodeling. However, whether obesity is an independent risk factor for stroke and other thromboembolic events is still controversial.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on the risks of stroke, thromboembolism, and mortality in AF patients.