Diversified crop rotations exert a profound influence on the nosZI denitrifier community.

Agricultural soils are a significant contributor to global nitrous oxide (NO) emissions, which is primarily driven by microbial nitrification and denitrification processes. Diversifying crop rotations can enhance soil nitrogen (N) utilization and influence N-cycling microbes, particularly the denitrifiers. Here, we evaluated the abundance, diversity, and community structure of soil denitrifiers by analyzing the denitrification genes (nirS, nirK, and nosZI) with a 14-year experiment of continuous and rotated crop systems.

Trade-off between soil enzyme activities and hotspots area depends on long-term fertilization: In situ field zymography.

Mineral fertilizers and livestock manure have been found to impact soil enzyme activities and distributions, but their trade-off and subsequent effects on soil functioning related to nutrient cycling are rarely evaluated. Here, we investigated the long-term effects of manure and mineral fertilization on the spatial distribution of enzyme activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling under field-grown maize. We found that the legacy of mineral fertilizers increased the rhizosphere extension for β-glucosidase and N-acetylglucosaminidase by 16-170 %, and the hotspots area by 37-151 %, compared to manure.

Not all soil carbon is created equal: Labile and stable pools under nitrogen input.

Anthropogenic activities have raised nitrogen (N) input worldwide with profound implications for soil carbon (C) cycling in ecosystems. The specific impacts of N input on soil organic matter (SOM) pools differing in microbial availability remain debatable. For the first time, we used a much-improved approach by effectively combining the C natural abundance in SOM with 21 years of C-C vegetation conversion and long-term incubation.

Spatiotemporal dynamic of rice production and its carbon footprint in Hainan, China: Implications for food security and environmental sustainability.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) feeds more than half of the global population and faces the critical issues related to food security and environmental sustainability. This study analyzed double rice production data from 2010 to 2020 to assess its spatiotemporal dynamic in food production and carbon (C) footprint in Hainan province, China.

Soybean inclusion reduces soil organic matter mineralization despite increasing its temperature sensitivity.

Legume-based cropping increased the diversity of residues and rhizodeposition input into the soil, thus affecting soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization. Despite this, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms governing SOM mineralization and its temperature sensitivity across bulk soil and aggregate scales concerning legume inclusion remains incomplete. Here, a 6-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three cropping systems (i.

Short-term continuous monocropping reduces peanut yield mainly via altering soil enzyme activity and fungal community.

Continuous monocropping can lead to soil sickness and increase of soil-borne disease, which finally reduces crop yield. Microorganisms benefit plants by increasing nutrient availability, participating in auxin synthesis, and defending against pathogens. However, little is known about the influence of short-term successive peanuts cropping on soil properties, enzyme activities, its yield, plant-associated microbes, and their potential correlations in peanut production.

Peanut-based Rotation Stabilized Diazotrophic Communities and Increased Subsequent Wheat Yield.

The introduction of legumes into rotations can improve nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield; however, its microbial mechanism involved remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the temporal impact of peanut introduction on microorganisms related to nitrogen metabolism in rotation systems. In this study, the dynamics of diazotrophic communities in two crop seasons and wheat yields of two rotation systems: winter wheat - summer maize (WM) and spring peanut → winter wheat - summer maize (PWM) in the North China Plain were investigated.

Oral Fungal Alterations in Patients with COVID-19 and Recovered Patients.

The oral bacteriome, gut bacteriome, and gut mycobiome are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the oral fungal microbiota in COVID-19 remains unclear. This article aims to characterize the oral mycobiome in COVID-19 and recovered patients.

Plant growth stages covered the legacy effect of rotation systems on microbial community structure and function in wheat rhizosphere.

Legume-based crop rotation is conducive to improve soil multifunctionality, but how the legacy effect of previous legumes influenced the rhizosphere  microbial community of the following crops along with growth stages remains unclear. Here, the wheat rhizosphere microbial community was assessed at the regreening and filling stages with four previous legumes (mungbean, adzuki bean, soybean, and peanut), as well as cereal maize as a control. The composition and structure of both bacterial and fungal communities varied dramatically between two growth stages.

Replacing chemical fertilizer with manure reduces NO emissions in winter wheat - summer maize cropping system under limited irrigation.

Nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from agroecosystems are a major contributor to global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion. However, knowledge concerning the hotspots and hot moments of soil NO emissions with manure application and irrigation, as well as the underlying mechanisms remain incomplete. Here, a 3-year field experiment was conducted with the combination of fertilization (no fertilizer, F0; 100% chemical fertilizer N, Fc; 50% chemical N + 50% manure N, Fc + m; and 100% manure N, Fm) and irrigation (with irrigation, W1; and without irrigation, W0; at wheat jointing stage) for winter wheat - summer maize cropping system in the North China Plain.

Field application of biodegradable microplastics has no significant effect on plant and soil health in the short term.

Bioplastics (biodegradable plastics) potentially offer an encouraging alternative to conventional (petroleum-based) plastics. In practice, bioplastics inevitably generate a large number of bio-microplastics (bio-MPs, diameter <5 mm) during the degradation progress. However, the impact of bio-MPs on plant and soil health within agroecosystems remains incomplete.

The long-term uncertainty of biodegradable mulch film residues and associated microplastics pollution on plant-soil health.

Biodegradable mulch film potentially offers an encouraging alternative to conventional (petroleum-based) plastic films. Since biodegradable films are more susceptible to rapid degradation, more microplastics (MPs) are likely to be generated than conventional films within the same time frame, probably leading to more severe MPs pollution and associated effects. However, the effect of biodegradable mulch film residues and associated MPs pollution on plant-soil health remains uncertainty.

Global systematic review with meta-analysis reveals yield advantage of legume-based rotations and its drivers.

Diversified cropping systems, especially those including legumes, have been proposed to enhance food production with reduced inputs and environmental impacts. However, the impact of legume pre-crops on main crop yield and its drivers has never been systematically investigated in a global context. Here, we synthesize 11,768 yield observations from 462 field experiments comparing legume-based and non-legume cropping systems and show that legumes enhanced main crop yield by 20%.

Soybean Crops Penalize Subsequent Wheat Yield During Drought in the North China Plain.

Contemporary wisdom suggests that inclusion of legumes into crop rotations benefit subsequent cereal crop yields. To investigate whether this maxim was generically scalable, we contrast summer soybean-winter wheat (SW) with summer maize-winter wheat (MW) rotation systems in an extensive field campaign in the North China Plain (NCP). We identify heretofore unseen interactions between crop rotation, synthetic N fertilizer application, and stored soil water.

Diversified cropping systems benefit soil carbon and nitrogen stocks by increasing aggregate stability: Results of three fractionation methods.

Understanding carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) sequestration in diversified cropping systems provides a pivotal insight for soil health management. Here, the soil was sampled from an ongoing field experiment (five years) with three cropping systems: i) winter wheat/summer maize, ii) winter wheat/summer maize-early soybean, and iii) fallow. We evaluated C and N stocks in aggregates for topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (20-40 cm) depending on cropping systems by comparison of three aggregate fractionation methods (dry, optimal-moisture, and wet sieving).

Do cropping system and fertilization rate change water-stable aggregates associated carbon and nitrogen storage?

Soil aggregates not only store carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) but hold a critical role in determining the nutrients supply, crop productivity, and climate change mitigation. However, the impact of cropping system and N fertilization on aggregate-associated C and N in both topsoil and subsoil remains unclear. Here, we assessed the effect of cropping systems (wheat-soybean vs.

Efficacy and safety of Reduning injection in the treatment of COVID-19: a randomized, multicenter clinical study.

Background: Reduning injection is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with known efficacy against a variety of viral infections, but there is no data about its efficacy against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: To explore the efficacy and safety of Reduning injection in the treatment of COVID-19, a randomized, open-labeled, multicenter, controlled trial was conducted from 12 general hospitals between 2020.02.

Glycogen Phosphorylase B Is Regulated by miR101-3p and Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumorigenesis.

Glycogen metabolism plays a key role in tumorigenesis. High expression levels of glycogen phosphorylase B (PYGB) were reported in several cancers and might be served as a prognostic biomarker for cancer from precancerous lesions. Previous studies indicated the high expression of PYGB in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues.

A Randomized, Open-Label, Controlled Clinical Trial of Azvudine Tablets in the Treatment of Mild and Common COVID-19, a Pilot Study.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide. To date, no specific drug for COVID-19 has been developed. Thus, this randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial (ChiCTR2000029853) was performed in China.

Drought-induced alterations in photosynthetic, ultrastructural and biochemical traits of contrasting sugarcane genotypes.

Drought is an important factor which limits growth of sugarcane. To elucidate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of tolerance, a pot experiment was conducted at Sugarcane Research Institute, Kaiyuan, China. Two genotypes (Yuetang 93-159-sensitive and Yunzhe 05-51-tolerant), were subjected to three treatments; 70±5% (control), 50±5% (moderate drought) and 30±5% (severe drought) of soil field capacity.

Manure amendment increased the abundance of methanogens and methanotrophs but suppressed the type I methanotrophs in rice paddies.

Methane (CH) emission is the consequence of CH production and consumption performed by methanogens and methanotrophs, respectively. Fertilization is an important factor that regulates the behavior of methanogens and methanotrophs; however, the effect of manure and rice straw addition combined with inorganic fertilizers on these communities is not well understood. This study aimed to explore how manure and rice straw amendments together with inorganic fertilizers influenced the methanogenic and methanotrophic communities in a 31-year fertilized rice paddy.