Microbial communities, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence factors in urinary infectious stone-associated urinary tract infections.

Urinary infectious stones are challenging due to bacterial involvement, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of these conditions. Antibiotic-resistant urease-producing bacteria further complicate clinical management. In this study, analysis of urine and stone samples from urinary tract infection (UTI) patients revealed microbial shifts, gene enrichment in stones, and metabolic pathway disparities; antibiotic resistance gene trends were phylum-specific, urease-producing bacteria are at risk of acquiring AMR carried by Enterobacteriaceae under antibiotic, emphasizing potential AMR dissemination between them; Correlations of key pathogenic species in kidney stone and urine microbial communities highlight the need for targeted therapeutic strategies to manage complexities in UTIs; Stones and urine contain a variety of deleterious genes even before antibiotic use, and piperacillin/tazobactam better reduced the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in stones and urine.

The association between the triglyceride-glucose index and prognosis in postoperative renal cell carcinoma patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Insulin resistance has been proven to be associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the prognostic value of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, as a marker for insulin resistance (IR), is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted research to explore the prognostic value and the predictive performance of the TyG index in postoperative RCC patients.

Identifying prognostic characteristics of m6A-related glycolysis gene and predicting the immune infiltration landscape in bladder cancer.

Backgrounds: Glucose metabolism is associated with the development of cancers, and m6A RNA methylation regulator-related genes play vital roles in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA). However, the role of m6A-related glucose metabolism genes in BLCA occurrence and development has not yet been reported. Our study aims to integrate m6A- and glycolysis-related genes and find potential gene targets for clinical diagnosis and prognosis of BLCA patients.

Identification of tryptophan metabolism- and immune-related genes signature and prediction of immune infiltration landscape in bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Introduction: Tryptophan metabolism is indirectly involved in immune tolerance and promotes response to anticancer drugs. However, the mechanisms underlying tryptophan metabolism and immune landscape in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) are not fully understood.

Methods: A BLCA dataset containing 406 tumor samples with clinical survival information and 19 normal samples were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas database.

Tripartite motif-containing 9 promoted proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells through CEACAM6-Smad2/3 axis.

Studies have shown that tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family proteins function as E3 ubiquitin ligases and play essential roles in cancer biology. In the present study, we validated a contribution of TRIM9 to bladder cancer progression. 296 patients derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 22 clinical specimens were included, in which accumulated TRIM9 correlated with the poor prognosis and higher relapse in bladder patients.

Mucin-poor mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kidney: one case report and review of the literature.

Mucinous tubule and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) of the kidney is a rare renal pleomorphic tumor considered as low-grade malignant, with occurring mainly in female. Few mucin-poor MTSCC cases have been reported so far. A typical MTSCC is composed of closely arranged tubules with pale mucus matrix and spindle cell components.

miR-148a-3p inhibits the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer regulating the expression of ROCK-1.

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of miR-148a-3p regulating the proliferation and migration of bladder tumor cells.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a preliminary study to detect the relative expression of miR-148a-3p in bladder cancer and para-cancerous tissue samples. Three bladder tumor cell lines, T24, 5,637 and UM-UC-3, were selected.

Circ_0002623 promotes bladder cancer progression by regulating the miR-1276/SMAD2 axis.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are key regulatory factors in the development of multiple cancers. This study is targeted at exploring the effect of circ_0002623 on bladder cancer (BCa) progression and its mechanism. Circ_0002623 was screened out by analyzing the expression profile of circRNAs in BCa tissues.

Correlation between preoperatively predicted and postoperatively observed renal function using an imaging-based approach: A retrospective cohort study.

The aim of the present study was to preoperatively predict renal function following partial nephrectomy (PN) using an imaging-based approach and to examine the correlation between preoperatively predicted and postoperatively observed renal function in the study cohort. A total of 128 consecutive patients who underwent PN between May 2015 and March 2018 and had available clinical data were included in this study. A hand-scripting method was used to estimate the defected volume (Vdef) from preoperative computerized tomography scans, whereas a cylindrical method was used to obtain preoperative renal volume (Vpre).

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract alleviates urethral dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulating the NO-cGMP pathway.

Oxidative stress is closely associated with the onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic urethropathy is one of the most common complications of DM, but few studies have been conducted to investigate the role of oxidative stress in diabetic urethropathy. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has been previously reported to reduce oxidative injury.

Lumbosacral spinal segmental contributions to tibial and pudendal neuromodulation of bladder overactivity in cats.

Aims: To determine the spinal segmental afferent contributions to tibial and pudendal inhibition of bladder overactivity.

Methods: Intravesical infusion of 0.5% acetic acid was used to irritate the bladder and induce bladder overactivity in anesthetized cats.

Neurotransmitter Mechanisms Underlying Sacral Neuromodulation of Bladder Overactivity in Cats.

Objective: To determine the role of opioid, β-adrenergic, and metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors in sacral neuromodulation of bladder overactivity.

Material And Methods: In α-chloralose anesthetized cats, intravesical infusion of 0.5% acetic acid (AA) irritated the bladder and induced bladder overactivity.

Contribution of GABAA, Glycine, and Opioid Receptors to Sacral Neuromodulation of Bladder Overactivity in Cats.

In α-chloralose-anesthetized cats, we examined the role of GABA, glycine, and opioid receptors in sacral neuromodulation-induced inhibition of bladder overactivity elicited by intravesical infusion of 0.5% acetic acid (AA). AA irritation significantly (P < 0.

Ectopic Cushing's syndrome due to retroperitoneal ACTH-producing paragangliomas.

Extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas, or paragangliomas, are rare tumours that derive from extra-adrenal chromaffin cells. Cushing's syndrome (CS) caused by paragangliomas is extremely rare. We report a 53-year-old man with hypertension, diabetes, and symptoms of hypokalemia.

Sacral neuromodulation of nociceptive bladder overactivity in cats.

Aims: To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation of sacral dorsal/ventral roots on irritation-induced bladder overactivity, reveal possible different mechanisms under nociceptive bladder conditions, and establish a large animal model of sacral neuromodulation.

Methods: Intravesical infusion of 0.5% acetic acid (AA) was used to irritate the bladder and induce bladder overactivity in cats under α-chloralose anesthesia.

Sympathetic β-adrenergic mechanism in pudendal inhibition of nociceptive and non-nociceptive reflex bladder activity.

This study investigated the role of the hypogastric nerve and β-adrenergic mechanisms in the inhibition of nociceptive and non-nociceptive reflex bladder activity induced by pudendal nerve stimulation (PNS). In α-chloralose-anesthetized cats, non-nociceptive reflex bladder activity was induced by slowly infusing saline into the bladder, whereas nociceptive reflex bladder activity was induced by replacing saline with 0.25% acetic acid (AA) to irritate the bladder.

Long-term outcome following thulium vaporesection of the prostate.

Background: The continuous wave 2-μm Thulium Laser has been introduced as potential technology with both high efficiency and safe practice; although little data have been shown regarding the long-term outcomes.

Objective: To analyze the long-term outcomes after thulium vaporesection of the prostate (ThuVaRP).

Methods: ThuVaRP was performed using the continuous wave, 2-μm Thulium: YAG laser at 70 W.

Clinical characteristics and pathology of thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney: Report of 3 cases and a literature review.

Thyroid-like follicular carcinoma (TLFC) of the kidney is an extremely rare type of renal tumor, which has not been classified under a known subtype of renal cell carcinoma. It is histologically similar to the primary thyroid follicular carcinoma; however, the characteristics lack thyroid immunohistochemical markers. The aim of the present study was to illustrate the clinical characteristics of 3 new cases along with a review of the literature.

Conduction block of mammalian myelinated nerve by local cooling to 15-30°C after a brief heating.

This study aimed at understanding thermal effects on nerve conduction and developing new methods to produce a reversible thermal block of axonal conduction in mammalian myelinated nerves. In 13 cats under α-chloralose anesthesia, conduction block of pudendal nerves (n = 20) by cooling (5-30°C) or heating (42-54°C) a small segment (9 mm) of the nerve was monitored by the urethral striated muscle contractions and increases in intraurethral pressure induced by intermittent (5 s on and 20 s off) electrical stimulation (50 Hz, 0.2 ms) of the nerve.

Pudendal but not tibial nerve stimulation inhibits bladder contractions induced by stimulation of pontine micturition center in cats.

This study examined the possibility that pudendal nerve stimulation (PNS) or tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) inhibits the excitatory pathway from the pontine micturition center (PMC) to the urinary bladder. In decerebrate cats under α-chloralose anesthesia, electrical stimulation of the PMC (40 Hz frequency, 0.2-ms pulse width, 10-25 s duration) using a microelectrode induced bladder contractions >20 cmH2O amplitude when the bladder was filled to 60-70% capacity.

Role of µ, κ, and δ opioid receptors in tibial inhibition of bladder overactivity in cats.

In α-chloralose anesthetized cats, we examined the role of opioid receptor (OR) subtypes (µ, κ, and δ) in tibial nerve stimulation (TNS)-induced inhibition of bladder overactivity elicited by intravesical infusion of 0.25% acetic acid (AA). The sensitivity of TNS inhibition to cumulative i.

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Ameliorates Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction via the Activation of the Nrf2 Pathway.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM)-induced bladder dysfunction is predominantly due to the long-term oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has been reported to possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic properties against oxidative stress. However, its protective effects against diabetic bladder dysfunction have not been clarified.

Changes in alpha1-adrenoceptor and NGF/proNGF pathway: a possible mechanism in diabetic urethral dysfunction.

Objective: To investigate the changes in the α1-adrenoceptor and nerve growth factor (NGF)/NGF precursor (proNGF) pathway in the urethra after diabetes induction.

Materials And Methods: Urethral relaxation function was determined by simultaneous recordings of intravesical pressure under isovolumetric conditions and urethral perfusion pressure (UPP) in diabetic rats. The expression of α1-adrenoceptor, NGF, proNGF, low-affinity p75 receptor for neurotrophins (p75(NTR)) and sortilin in the urethras was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting.

Cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 are associated with bladder dysfunction in an experimental diabetic rat model.

Objective: To investigate diabetes-associated changes in urinary bladder expression of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) and the functional role of CB agonists and antagonists in mediating phasic contractions of isolated bladder strips using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.

Materials And Methods: The bladder and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were removed from diabetic rats and age-matched controls 8-10 weeks after diabetes induction. Expression of CB1 and CB2 mRNA was studied using quantitative real-time PCR and protein levels were determined by Western blot analysis.