Biomarkers for predicting the severity of spinal cord injury by proteomic analysis.

Purpose: Currently, there is a shortage of the protein biomarkers for classifying spinal cord injury (SCI) severity. We attempted to explore the candidate biomarkers for predicting SCI severity.

Methods: SCI rat models with mild, moderate, and severe injury were constructed with an electro-mechanic impactor.

Core-Shell Au@Pd Bimetallic Nanozyme Mediated Mild Photothermal Therapy through Reactive Oxygen Species-Regulating Tumor Thermoresistance.

Mild photothermal therapy (mPTT), which circumvents the limitations of conventional photothermal therapy, is emerging and exhibits remarkable potential in clinical applications. Nevertheless, mPTT is not able to efficiently eradicate tumors because its therapeutic efficacy is dramatically diminished by stress-induced heat shock proteins (HSP). Herein, a core-shell structured Au@Pd (AP) bimetallic nanozyme was fabricated for reactive oxygen species (ROS) augmentation-induced mPTT.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the impact of NETs activation on airway epithelial cell EMT and inflammation in bronchiolitis obliterans.

Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a chronic airway disease that was often indicated by the pathological presentation of narrowed and irreversible airways. However, the molecular mechanisms of BO pathogenesis remain unknown. Although neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can contribute to inflammatory disorders, their involvement in BO is unclear.

Low-Temperature Photothermal Therapy Platform Based on Pd Nanozyme-Modified Hydrogenated TiO.

In photothermal treatments (PTTs), normal tissues around cancerous tumors get injured by excessive heat, whereas damaged cancer cells are easily restored by stress-induced heat shock proteins (HSPs) at low temperatures. Therefore, to achieve a unique tumor microenvironment (TME), it is imperative to increase PTT efficiency and reduce normal tissue injury by adopting appropriate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides (LPO) cross-linked with HSPs. In the present research, a potential strategy for mild photothermal treatments (mPTTs) was proposed by initiating localized catalytic chemical reactions in TME based on Pd nanozyme-modified hydrogenated TiO (H-TiO@Pd).

Identification of Hub Genes in the Pathogenesis of Bronchiolitis Obliterans via Bioinformatic Analysis and Experimental Verification.

Background: Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a chronic disease that can arise as a complication of severe childhood pneumonia and can also impact the long-term survival of patients after lung transplantation. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying BO remains unclear. We aimed to identify BO-associated hub genes and their molecular mechanisms.

Nitric oxide-mediated regulation of mitochondrial protective autophagy for enhanced chemodynamic therapy based on mesoporous Mo-doped CuS nanozymes.

The depletion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by glutathione (GSH) and oxidative stress induced protective autophagy severely impaired the therapeutic effect of chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Therefore, how to construct a CDT treatment nanosystem with high yield and full utilization of ROS in tumor site is the main issue of CDT. Herein, a multifunctional cascade bioreactor based on mesoporous Mo-doped CuS (m-MCS) nanozymes loaded with L-Arginine (LA), abbreviated as m-MCS@LA, is constructed for realizing enhanced CDT promoted by ultrasound (US) triggered gas therapy.

[Retracted] Anticancer activity of taraxerol acetate in human glioblastoma cells and a mouse xenograft model via induction of autophagy and apoptotic cell death, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration.

Following the publication of the above paper, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that several figures (Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 10) contained apparent anomalies, including repeated patternings of data within the same figure panels. Furthermore, Fig.

A New Neural Pathway from the Ventral Striatum to the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert with Functional Implication to Learning and Memory.

The cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) are among the first group of neurons known to become degenerated in Alzheimer's disease, and thus the NBM is proposed to be involved in learning and memory. The marginal division (MrD) of the striatum is a newly discovered subdivision at the ventromedial border of the mammalian striatum and is considered to be one part of the ventral striatum involved in learning and memory. The present study provided evidence to support the hypothesis that the MrD and the NBM were structurally connected at cellular and subcellular levels with functional implications in learning and memory.

Analysis of the diffusion tensor imaging parameters of a normal cervical spinal cord in a healthy population.

Background: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) shows great advantage in the diagnosis of brain diseases, including cervical spinal cord (CSC) disease. This study aims to obtain the normal values of the DTI parameters for a healthy population and to establish a baseline for CSC disease diagnosis using DTI.

Methods: A total of 36 healthy adults were subjected to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the entire CSC using the Siemens 3.

Changes of MDA and SOD in Brain Tissue after Secondary Brain Injury with Seawater Immersion in Rats.

Aim: To investigate the variation and significance of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain tissue after secondary brain injury (SBI) with seawater immersion in rats.

Material And Methods: We randomly divided 163 male Sprague Dawley rats into 4 groups, as normal (Group A), SBI (Group B), SBI with physiological saline immersion (Group C) and SBI with seawater immersion (Group D) groups. The animal model of ischemic SBI with seawater immersion was established based on the Marmarou's model of diffuse brain injury.

Anticancer activity of taraxerol acetate in human glioblastoma cells and a mouse xenograft model via induction of autophagy and apoptotic cell death, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anticancer and apoptotic effects of taraxerol acetate in U87 human glioblastoma cells. The effects on cell cycle phase distribution, cell cycle-associated proteins, autophagy, DNA fragmentation and cell migration were assessed. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay, and phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy was utilized to determine the viability and apoptotic morphological features of the U87 cells.

Development of prognostic models for patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.

Outcome prediction following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widely investigated field of research. Several outcome prediction models have been developed for prognosis after TBI. There are two main prognostic models: International Mission for Prognosis and Clinical Trials in Traumatic Brain Injury (IMPACT) prognosis calculator and the Corticosteroid Randomization after Significant Head Injury (CRASH) prognosis calculator.

New learning and memory related pathways among the hippocampus, the amygdala and the ventromedial region of the striatum in rats.

Background: The hippocampus, central amygdaloid nucleus and the ventromedial region (marginal division) of the striatum have been reported to be involved in the mechanism of learning and memory. This study aimed elucidating anatomical and functional connections among these brain areas during learning and memory.

Results: In the first part of this study, the c-Fos protein was used to explore functional connections among these structures.

The snoRNA MBII-52 regulates cocaine-induced conditioned place preference and locomotion in mice.

Cocaine dependence involves in the brain's reward circuit as well as nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key region of the mesolimbic dopamine pathway. Many studies have documented altered expression of genes and identified transcription factor networks and epigenetic processes that are fundamental to cocaine addiction. However, all these investigations have focused on mRNA and/or miRNA, which may not reflect the involvement of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), which has been implied in a broad range of biological processes and complex diseases including brain development and neuropathologocal process.

HIF-1α genetic variants and protein expression confer the susceptibility and prognosis of gliomas.

To investigate the role of HIF-1α genetic polymorphism of c.1772C>T and c.1790G>A in the incidence and prognosis of gliomas in a Chinese cohort, a total of 387 gliomas patients and 437 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited.

Polymorphism of the RAGE affects the serum inflammatory levels and risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese population.

Background: Increasing evidence shows that inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of acute ischemic stroke. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been documented to involve in the pathogenic mechanisms of a variety of neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke (IS). However, the impact of RAGE gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to IS has not been reported.

Surgical therapy for craniocerebral firearm injury.

Aim: The current study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of craniocerebral firearm injury and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Material And Methods: Data from 56 patients with craniocerebral firearm injury were analyzed retrospectively for projectile types, traumatic conditions, and treatment approaches.

Results: 43 patients exhibited intracranial foreign body residence.

Immature teratoma of the posterior cranial fossa in a 4-month-old infant: A case report.

The present study analyzed a case of immature teratoma in the posterior cranial fossa of an infant and compared the clinical data with the associated literature. Ventricular drainage was initially performed upon the patient's admission to the hospital. Following adequate pre-operative preparations, the tumor in the posterior cranial fossa was resected on the third day.

Dual targeting of glioma U251 cells with nanoparticles prevents tumor angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth.

Important advances have been made within in past few years in the treatment of glioma, however, the longterm prognosis after resection of glioma remains unsatisfactory as a result of a high incidence of recurrence. To solve this problem, many biologic therapies have been investigated. In the present study, we report a nanoparticle with properties for dual targeting of tumor cells and the neovasculature.

The effect of galectin-3 genetic variants on the susceptibility and prognosis of gliomas in a Chinese population.

The aim of this study is to explore the association between the polymorphisms of galectin-3 gene and clinico-pathological characteristics and prognosis of gliomas. We enrolled 190 histologically diagnosed gliomas and 210 healthy controls in this study. Two genetic variants at galectin-3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites (galectin-3 +191 A>C and +292 A>C) were determined.

siRNA directed against Livin inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptosis in human glioma cells.

Livin, a novel member of the human inhibitors of apoptosis protein family, plays an important role in tumor progression and occurrence by inhibiting cell apoptosis. It is selectively expressed in the most common human neoplasms and appears to be involved in tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. The present study was designed to investigate the potential of using RNA interference (RNAi) technique to downregulate Livin expression, and the subsequent effect on human glioma cells.

A novel vaccine containing EphA2 epitope and LIGHT plasmid induces robust cellular immunity against glioma U251 cells.

EphA2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase and can be acted as an attractive antigen for glioma vaccines. In addition, LIGHT plays an important role on enhancing T cell proliferation and cytokine production. To improve the CTL mediated immune response against glioma cells, we prepared the novel vaccine containing EphA2(883-891) peptide (TLADFDPRV) and LIGHT plasmid and utilized it to immunize the HLA-A2 transgenic HHD mice.

Lewis X oligosaccharides-heparanase complex targeting to DCs enhance antitumor response in mice.

Heparanase has been proved as an promising tumor antigen for the therapeutical target. However, the antigen alone cannot fully elicit the immune response in vivo. In this study, Lewis X oligosaccharides-heparanase complex was prepared, which can target to the dendritic cells (DCs) via dendritic cell-specific intercellular-adhesion-molecule-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN).