Treatment of congenital middle ear cholesteatoma in children using endoscopic and microscopic ear surgeries: a case series.

Introduction: Surgical removal is widely employed in children with congenital middle ear cholesteatoma (CMEC). Here, we report the surgical outcomes of CMEC removal via endoscopic ear surgery (EES) and microscopic ear surgery (MES) in children.

Methods: Children with CMEC who underwent preoperative medical history inquiry, hearing test, endoscopic evaluation, and radiology imaging before receiving EES or MES were included.

[Postoperative effect analysis of different surgical techniques used in facial nerve reconstruction].

To investigate the factors and efficacy of different surgical techniques used in facial nerve（FN） reconstruction. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 24 patients who underwent facial nerve reconstruction surgery in our department from January 2016 to January 2021. The duration of total facial nerve paralysis was less than 18 months.

Thiourea-Cu(OTf)/NIS-synergistically promoted stereoselective glycoside formation with 2-azidoselenoglycosides or thioglycosides as donors.

A novel promoter system for glycosylation is described. A catalytic amount of thiourea and Cu(OTf) together with a slight excess of -iodosuccinimide synergistically promotes glycosylation at room temperature. The combination of reagents applies to some 2-azidoselenoglycoside and thioglycoside donors.

Remnant Cholesterol in Young Adulthood Is Associated With Left Ventricular Remodeling and Dysfunction in Middle Age: The CARDIA Study.

Background: Recent studies have shown that remnant cholesterol (RC) is associated with incident heart failure; however, its association with left ventricular (LV) structure and function is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between RC levels in young adulthood and LV structure and function in middle age.

Methods: We included 3321 participants from the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) at baseline.

Study of 2,881 Nasal Bone Fractures using Multivariate Analysis.

Objective: This retrospective cohort study is aimed to provide a certain reference for the clinical prevention and treatment of nasal bone fracture, and further formulated a more perfect diagnosis and treatment plan.

Methods: In detailed cases, 2881 patients with nasal bone fracture were recorded. Its general clinical data, cause of injury, fracture site, and fracture typing were collected through the database.

Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Transplantation Ameliorates Preterm Infant Cerebral White Matter Injury in Rats Model.

Background: Cerebral white matter injury (WMI) is the most common brain injury in preterm infants, leading to motor and developmental deficits often accompanied by cognitive impairment. However, there is no effective treatment. One promising approach for treating preterm WMI is cell replacement therapy, in which lost cells can be replaced by exogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs).

Impact of inner ear malformation and cochlear nerve deficiency on the development of auditory-language network in children with profound sensorineural hearing loss.

Profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) prevents children from developing spoken language. Cochlear implantation and auditory brainstem implantation can provide partial hearing sensation, but language development outcomes can vary, particularly for patients with inner ear malformations and/or cochlear nerve deficiency (IEM&CND). Currently, the peripheral auditory structure is evaluated through visual inspection of clinical imaging, but this method is insufficient for surgical planning and prognosis.

-typing and Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis of .

Background: A broad variety of infections, ranging from skin infections to infective endocarditis can be caused by Bacterial virulence is often related to virulence genes, so we sought to investigate the relationship between virulence genes and the pathogenicity of and to explore an appropriate typing method to distinguish different pathogenic phenotypes of .

Methods: We describe the distribution of several virulence genes in different infection types in an attempt to find the relationship between virulence genes and pathogenicity. Subsequently, we make the Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) dendrogram and -typing were performed using BioNumerics software, tried to compare the correlation between different methods and the different infectious diseases, and antimicrobial resistance of the strains, in order to obtain the epidemic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance information of based on a molecular approach.

Intrauterine desensitization enables long term survival of human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells without immunosuppression.

Immune rejection can be reduced using immunosuppressants which are not viable for premature infants. However, desensitization can induce immune tolerance for premature infants because of underdeveloped immune system. The fetuses of Wistar rats at 15-17 days gestation were injected via hOPCs-1 into brain, muscles, and abdomen ex utero and then returned while the fetuses of control without injection.

3,5-Di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl(cyano)iodonium triflate as a novel and potential activator for -tolyl thioglycoside donors.

3,5-Di(trifluoromethyl)phenyl(cyano)iodonium triflate is described as an accessible, stable, and powerful thiophile that can activate batches of -tolyl thioglycoside donors at room temperature. Various alcoholic acceptors were efficiently glycosylated, providing the desired glycosides. The novel activation protocol features mild conditions as well as high compatibility with some classic strategies for the stereoselective construction of some biologically relevant glycosidic linkages, as exemplified by α-idosides, α-galactoamines, β-mannosides, and β-rhamnosides.

Identifying a novel frameshift pathogenic variant in a Chinese family with neurofibromatosis type 1 and review of literature.

Aim: To detect the pathogenic gene variant in a family with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).

Methods: This patient with NF1 was sequenced using target sequence capture and high-throughput sequencing technology. After detecting the suspicious pathogenic variant type, the pathogenic variant sites of the patient and the patient's family members were verified by multiple ligation dependent probe amplification and Sanger sequencing.

Corrigendum to "Development of methods for detecting the fate of mesenchymal stem cells regulated by bone bioactive materials" [Bioact. Mater. 6(3) (2021) 613-626].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.

Identifying Genes that Affect Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cells and Myelination of Mature Oligodendrocytes.

Human neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They are characterized by their ability to differentiate into a range of cells, including oligodendrocytes (OLs), neurons, and astrocytes, depending on exogenous stimuli. An efficient and easy directional differentiation method was developed for obtaining large quantities of high-quality of human OL progenitor cells (OPCs) and OLs from NSCs.

Simultaneous Bilateral Cochlear Implantation in Very Young Children Improves Adaptability and Social Skills: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To investigate the value of using the Gesell Development Diagnosis Scale (GDDS) to predict developmental outcomes in very young children who undergo simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation.

Design: In this prospective cohort study, a repeated-measures investigation was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital. A total of 62 children receiving simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantations were enrolled from April 2017 to August 2018.

[Effects of CO concentration and soil water content on short-term water-use efficiency at whole-plant level].

Uncovering the variations of short-term water-use efficiency (WUE) at whole-plant level in response to CO concentration () and soil water content (SWC) can improve the understanding of plant survival strategies under climate change. In this study, saplings were cultured in simulated climate chambers.There were totally 15 treatments, including of 400 (), 600 () and 800 () μmol·mol and SWC of 35%-45% field water holding capacity (FC), 50%-60%FC, 60%-70%FC, 70%-80%FC and 95%-100%FC.

Optimization of an Intranasal Route for the Delivery of Human Neural Stem Cells to Treat a Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury Rat Model.

Objective: Stem cell administration via the intranasal route has shown promise as a new therapy for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). In this study, we aimed to improve the intranasal delivery of stem cells to the brain.

Methods: Human neural stem cells (hNSCs) were identified using immunofluorescence, morphological, and flow cytometry assays before transplantation, and cell migration capacity was examined using the transwell assay.