Causal associations between the insulin-like growth factor family and sarcopenia: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is closely associated with sarcopenia, yet the causal relationship of this association remains unclear. This study aims to explore the potential causal relationship between members of the IGF family and sarcopenia from a genetic perspective through bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using two-sample datasets.

Methods: Five genetically predicted factors of the IGF family (IGF-1, IGF-1R, IGF-2R, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-7) as one sample, while four relevant features of sarcopenia (low hand grip strength, appendicular lean mass, whole body fat-free mass, and walking pace) as another sample, in conducting a two-sample MR analysis.

Exosomes from Hypoxic Pretreatment ADSCs Ameliorate Cardiac Damage Post-MI via Activated circ-Stt3b/miR-15a-5p/GPX4 Signaling and Decreased Ferroptosis.

Accumulation studies confirmed that oxidative stress caused by ischemia after myocardial infarction (MI) is an important cause of ventricular remodeling. Exosome secretion through hypoxic pretreatment adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) ameliorates myocardial damaging post-MI. However, if ADSCs exosome can improve the microenvironment and ameliorate cardiac damage post-MI still unknown.

Accessing Furan-Linked Methylene Oxindoles/Benzofurans via Stereoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Cyclization/Cycloisomerization.

A palladium-catalyzed domino cyclization/cycloisomerization reaction of alkyne-tethered carbamoyl chlorides with ()-β-chloroenones is reported. This reaction proceeds via a -carbopalladation of the alkyne, followed by a vinyl-Pd-catalyzed cycloisomerization of the ()-β-chloroenone cascade, which provides an efficient method to synthesize furan-linked methylene oxindoles. The reaction features stereodefined vinyl-Pd species, high to excellent 5-exo/6-endo selectivity, excellent / selectivity, and the sequential formation of three bonds and bis-heterocycles.

Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted aryl [F]fluorosulfate PET tracers.

The expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in prostate cancer is 100-1000 times higher than that in normal tissues, and it has shown great advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. The combination of PSMA and PET imaging technology based on the principle of metabolic imaging can achieve high sensitivity and high specificity for diagnosis. Due to its suitable half-life (109 min) and good positron abundance (97%), as well as its cyclotron accelerated generation, F has the potential to be commercialize, which has attracted much attention.

Effects of Cervical Paravertebral Extensors in Patients with Cervical Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Grouped According to mK-Line.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to quantify the morphology, composition, and asymmetry of the paravertebral extensor muscles (PSEMs) in patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) who had different modified K-line (mK-line) and the minimum interval between the mK-line and OPLL (INT ) values and to investigate the relationship between PSEMs and symptoms and outcomes following laminoplasty. These original findings elucidated that the atrophy of PSEMs could predict decompression outcomes and provided a theoretical basis for paraspinal muscle rehabilitation.

Methods: A total of 94 consecutive patients who underwent laminoplasty for OPLL between January 2020 and January 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Tetrandrine downregulates TRPV2 expression to ameliorate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial function.

Our previous study has indicated that tetrandrine (TET) can target miR-202-5p to repress the activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 2 (TRPV2), eventually ameliorating the progression of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). This study is aimed to further ascertain the detailed mechanisms between TET and TRPV2 in MI/RI pathogenesis. Here, a myocardial I/R injury rat model and a hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model in rat myocardial cell line (H9C2 cells) were established.

Pathogenetic characteristics of infectious diarrhea in Yantai City, Shandong Province, 2018-2019.

Background: Analysis of the pathogenic spectrum, epidemiological characteristics and molecular epidemiological features of important pathogens of infectious diarrhea in Yantai City, Shandong Province, 2018-2019, were analyzed to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of infectious diarrhea.

Methods: A total of 1514 stool specimens were collected within 3 days of the onset of diarrhea in secondary or higher hospitals in Yantai from 2018-2019, and all specimens were tested for the presence of seven major viruses and three major bacteria by employing reverse transcription ploymeraer chain reaction (RT-PCR). Population and seasonal analyses were also performed on positive samples for infectious diarrhea.

Bardoxolone Methyl Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a severe heart problem resulting from restoring coronary blood flow to the myocardium after ischemia. This study is aimed at ascertaining the therapeutic efficiency and action mechanism of bardoxolone methyl (BARD) in myocardial I/R injury.

Methods: In male rats, myocardial ischemia was performed for 0.

Characteristics of paraspinal muscle degeneration in degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine at different ages.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between gender, age, and the degree of lumbar degenerative disease.

Methods: 290 patients with Lumbar spinal stenosis and sciatica were analyzed. Sixty patients without sciatica were collected in the control group.

Analysis of risk factors for postoperative dysphagia after C1-2 fusion.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for dysphagia after fusion in patients with C1-2 junction diseases.

Summary Of The Background Data: Dysphagia is a common postoperative complication of posterior C1-2 junction surgery. The incidence is 9.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: A rare disease with spinal deformity and severe hip dysfunction.

Introduction: Progressive fibrous dysplasia ossification (FOP) is a rare genetic disease characterized by congenital bone malformations and soft tissue masses that progress to heterotopic ossification. Congenital great toe deformity and progressive heterotopic ossifications with an anatomical and temporal pattern are the two classical clinical characteristics of FOP. We present a unique case of FOP characterized by mandibular angle fascial contracture and back and iliopsoas muscle ossification managed surgery in a 13 year old girl.

Case Report: Upper Thoracic Purely Extradural Spinal Meningioma With Nerve Root Attachment: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: We describe a case of purely extradural spinal meningioma (EDSMs) with nerve root attachment and present the clinical profiles, radiological findings, operative management, and follow-up data, along with a literature review. This case study is purely extradural spinal meningioma attached to the nerve root, and the available literature review discusses the diagnosis and treatment. Purely epidural spinal meningiomas are extremely rare, and only a few clinical reports are published on this disease.

Non-linear relations between life expectancy, socio-economic, and air pollution factors: a global assessment with spatial disparities.

Influential factors of socio-economic and air pollution on life expectancy (LE) show complexity. The investigations of non-linear functions of LE, socio-economic, and air pollution factors have not been largely conducted, and spatial and temporal differences of the linear or non-linear relations between LE and the influential factors have been obscured across countries in the world. In this study, the non-linear relations between LE and factors of per capita gross national income (GNI), urban population rate (UPR), and fine-particulate (PM) were estimated from 2000 to 2015 by using a generalized additive model (GAM).

Cathepsin D inhibitors based on tasiamide B derivatives with cell membrane permeability.

Cathepsin D (Cath D) has been evidenced as a potential target for cancer therapy. Our previous studies revealed that TB-9, a tasiamide B derivative, exhibited highly potent inhibition against Cath D with satisfactory selectivity over Cath E and BACE1. But this compound was inactive on cell level possibly due to poor membrane permeability.

Adipocyte factor CTRP6 inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation, migration, and dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells through PPARγ/NLRP3.

NLRP3 and PPARγ play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Studies have shown that PPARγ regulates the expression of NLRP3 in vascular diseases. In addition, the adipocyte factor CTRP6 can improve the activation of PPARγ in vascular diseases.

microRNA-106b derived from endothelial cell-secreted extracellular vesicles prevents skin wound healing by inhibiting JMJD3 and RIPK3.

Intriguingly, microRNAs (miRs) transferred as cargo in extracellular vesicles (EVs) can modulate wound healing through their regulation of fibroblast functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of miR-106b transfer via EVs derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on skin wound healing. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay identified that miR-106b could target and inhibit JMJD3.

Paeoniflorin inhibits cell viability and invasion of liver cancer cells via inhibition of Skp2.

Paeoniflorin (PF) has been demonstrated to exert tumor suppressive functions in various types of human cancer. However, the mechanisms of PF-mediated anti-tumor activity have not been fully elucidated. S-phase kinase associated protein 2 (Skp2) has been characterized as an oncoprotein that contributes to carcinogenesis.

Impact of urbanization factors on mortality due to unintentional injuries using panel data regression model and spatial-temporal analysis.

Unintentional injuries pose a great risk for human health in China. Few studies have focused on unintentional injuries at national level from urbanization perspective. The panel data of mortality rate of transportation accidents (TA), fall and drowning and sinking (DS) is investigated, and urbanization development index is collected.

Gender Differences in Vitamin D Status in China.

BACKGROUND Vitamin D insufficiency is widespread in China. Various factors influence vitamin D level in the body. The present study investigated vitamin D status of residents in Jinzhong city, China, and analyzed the influence of gender on vitamin D status.

The effects of aging on the profile of the cervical spine.

The study aims to investigate the effects of aging on the cervical spine.Outpatients in the study were grouped by age. The cervical spine image in the sagittal plane from participants in the supine position was acquired with MRI.

Correlation of cervical and thoracic inlet sagittal parameters by MRI and radiography in patients with cervical spondylosis.

To investigate the relationship between cervical and thoracic sagittal alignment parameters measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and x-ray in patients with cervical spondylosisData from 120 symptomatic patients who presented with cervical spondylosis between April 2015 and January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients received both a cervical MRI and a cervical radiograph during a single visit. The thoracic inlet angle (TIA), T1 slope (T1S), neck tilt (NT), C2-C7 angle (C2-C7), and C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (C2-7 SVA) were assessed.

Prospective Study of Closed Reduction of Trochanteric Fractures via a Novel Intraoperative Femoral Fracture Reduction Device: Early Clinical Results.

Objective: Traction achieved using an intraoperative femoral fracture reduction device (IFFRD) was compared with that observed using a traction table (TT) for closed reduction of trochanteric fractures and cephalomedullary nail fixation.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 knockdown alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory injury by up-regulation of miR-203 in ATDC5 cells.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, which seriously impacts the health of elderly. However, there is no effective treatment for curing this disease until now. Numerous studies reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to the pathogenesis of OA.