Recurrent PTPRZ1-MET fusion and a high occurrence rate of MET exon 14 skipping in brain metastases.

Identifying molecular features is an essential component of the management and targeted therapy of brain metastases (BMs). The molecular features are different between primary lung cancers and BMs of lung cancer. Here we report the DNA and RNA mutational profiles of 43 pathological samples of BMs.

MET overexpression contributes to STAT4-PD-L1 signaling activation associated with tumor-associated, macrophages-mediated immunosuppression in primary glioblastomas.

Background: Dysregulated receptor tyrosine kinases, such as the mesenchymal-epidermal transition factor (MET), have pivotal role in gliomas. MET and its interaction with the tumor microenvironment have been previously implicated in secondary gliomas. However, the contribution of gene to tumor cells' ability to escape immunosurveillance checkpoints in primary gliomas, especially in glioblastoma (GBM), which is a WHO grade 4 glioma with the worst overall survival, is still poorly understood.

Tumor microenvironment is associated with clinical and genetic properties of diffuse gliomas and predicts overall survival.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic evolving environment which facilitates tumor proliferation and progression. We aimed at investigating the characteristics of tumor microenvironment and its prognostic value in gliomas. Transcriptome data of 702 glioma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas were included as training dataset, while 325 samples from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database and 268 samples from GSE16011 database were used to validate.

Mutation and Copy Number Alterations Analysis of KIF23 in Glioma.

In glioma, kinesin family member 23 (KIF23) is up-regulated and plays a vital role in oncogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying KIF23 overexpression in malignant glioma remains to be elucidated. This study aims to find potential causes of KIF23 high expression at genome level.

Comprehensive analysis of multi-omics data of recurrent gliomas identifies a recurrence-related signature as a novel prognostic marker.

Tumor recurrence is a common clinical dilemma in diffuse gliomas. We aimed to identify a recurrence-related signature to predict the prognosis for glioma patients. In the public Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas dataset, we enrolled multi-omics data including genome, epigenome and transcriptome across primary and recurrent gliomas.

Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Incidentally Discovered Lower-Grade Gliomas with Enrichment of Aerobic Respiration.

Purpose: Incidentally discovered diffusely infiltrating lower-grade gliomas (incidental LGGs, iLGGs) are defined as gliomas occasionally found in patients without tumor-related symptoms. At present, very few in-depth research studies on incidental LGGs were reported. We aimed to find out the inherent difference between iLGGs and LGGs with tumor-related symptoms.

Whole-transcriptome sequencing profiling identifies functional and prognostic signatures in patients with PTPRZ1-MET fusion-negative secondary glioblastoma multiforme.

Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults with a high mortality rate. Low-grade gliomas progress to glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in the majority of cases, forming secondary GBM (sGBM), followed by rapid fatal clinical outcomes. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1 (PTPRZ1)-MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) (ZM) fusion has been identified as a biomarker for sGBM that is involved in glioma progression, but the mechanism of gliomagenesis and pathology of ZM-negative sGBM has remained to be fully elucidated.

Prognostic Correlation of Autophagy-Related Gene Expression-Based Risk Signature in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Purpose: Autophagy plays a vital role in cancer initiation, malignant progression, and resistance to treatment; however, autophagy-related gene sets have rarely been analyzed in glioblastoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of autophagy-related genes in patients with glioblastoma.

Patients And Methods: Here, we collected whole transcriptome expression data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets to explore the relationship between autophagy-related gene expression and glioblastoma prognosis.

Immune Cytolytic Activity Is Associated With Genetic and Clinical Properties of Glioma.

Immunotherapy provided unprecedented advances in the treatment of several previously untreated cancers. However, these immunomodulatory maneuvers showed limited response to patients with glioma in clinical trials. Our aim was to depict the immune characteristics of glioma with immune cytolytic activity at genetic and transcriptome levels.

PD-L2 expression is correlated with the molecular and clinical features of glioma, and acts as an unfavorable prognostic factor.

: Gliomas are aggressive tumors with various molecular and clinical characteristics and exhibit strongly resistance to radio-chemotherapy. Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) is a cell surface protein, which was reported in many cancers, modulating cancer-associated immune responses, while the role of PD-L2 in gliomas remained unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the biological behaviors and clinical prognostic values of PD-L2 in gliomas.

Oxidative Asymmetric Formal Aza-Diels⁻Alder Reactions of Tetrahydro-β-carboline with Enones in the Synthesis of Indoloquinolizidine-2-ones.

Ru-catalyzed tandem amine oxidative dehydrogenation/formal aza-Diels⁻Alder reaction for enantio- and diastereoselective synthesis of indoloquinolizidine-2-ones from tetrahydro-β-carbolines and α,β-unsaturated ketones is described. The reaction proceeds via tandem ruthenium-catalyzed amine dehydrogenation using tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant and a chiral thiourea-catalyzed formal aza-[4 + 2] cycloaddition, providing a step-economical strategy for the synthesis of these valuable heterocyclic products.

An Asymmetric Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reaction for the Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives.

An asymmetric dehydrogenative Diels-Alder reaction of 2-methyl-3-phenylmethylindoles and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes has been established. The successful in situ generation of the indole ortho-quinodimethane intermediate and the iminium activation of enals are the keys to success, providing various tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives with up to >99% ee.

Predicting the likelihood of postoperative seizure status based on mRNA sequencing in low-grade gliomas.

Aim: No comprehensive and objective methods yet exist for predicting postoperative seizure.

Patients & Methods: mRNA-seq data and corresponding postoperative seizure status of 109 low-grade glioma samples were obtained from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database and divided into two sets randomly. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis with risk score method were used to develop a ten-gene prediction model.

Risk factors and the prognosis of sexual dysfunction in male patients with pituitary adenomas: a multivariate analysis.

The impact of sexual dysfunction (SD) is distressing to many male patients with pituitary adenomas which affect both physical and psychological health. The research explored to identify risk factors affecting sexual function and the prognosis of male patients with pituitary adenomas. Two hundred and fifty-four male patients, who aged between 18 and 60 (mean ± s.

Overexpression of Paxillin Correlates with Tumor Progression and Predicts Poor Survival in Glioblastoma.

Aims: To explore the prognostic and clinicopathological features of glioma with Paxillin (PXN) expression based on a large number of samples.

Methods: RNA sequencing data of 325 glioma samples from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database were obtained as discovery set. Three additional datasets were further obtained as validation sets.

Phosphohistone H3 (pHH3) is a prognostic and epithelial to mesenchymal transition marker in diffuse gliomas.

The World Health Organization (WHO) grading of gliomas stratifies tumors by histology. However, the aggressiveness of tumors in each grade still shows great heterogeneity. Phosphohistone H3 (pHH3) has been reported as an accurate marker of cells within the mitotic phase of the cell cycle in many kinds of cancers.

Identification of high risk anaplastic gliomas by a diagnostic and prognostic signature derived from mRNA expression profiling.

Anaplastic gliomas are characterized by variable clinical and genetic features, but there are few studies focusing on the substratification of anaplastic gliomas. To identify a more objective and applicable classification of anaplastic gliomas, we analyzed whole genome mRNA expression profiling of four independent datasets. Univariate Cox regression, linear risk score formula and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were applied to derive a gene signature with best prognostic performance.

Enhanced expression and phosphorylation of the MET oncoprotein by glioma-specific PTPRZ1-MET fusions.

PTPRZ1-MET (ZM) proteins are a group of fusion proteins identified in human gliomas by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. ZM fusions are associated with poor prognosis in afflicted glioma patients and mediate oncogenic effects in assays. In this study, we show that ZM-carrying patients have increased hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) mRNA expression levels induced by fusion with receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta (PTPRZ1).

A single aspergillus fumigatus intracranial abscess in an immunocompetent patient with parietal lobe tumorectomy.

Aspergillosis of the central nervous system is a rare fungal infection that is mainly reported in patients with immune deficiency, such as AIDS patients and organ transplant patients treated with immunosuppressive agents, and is uncommon among patients with intact immune function. We report here a rare case of intracranial aspergillosis in a patient who had previously undergone a parietal lobe tumorectomy. Aspergillus fumigatus was confirmed by histopathology, and susceptibility tests reported that this infection should respond to voriconazole.

AJAP1 is dysregulated at an early stage of gliomagenesis and suppresses invasion through cytoskeleton reorganization.

Aims: Down-regulation of AJAP1 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has been reported. However, the expression profiles of AJAP1 in gliomas and the underlying mechanisms of AJAP1 function on invasion are still poorly understood.

Methods: The gene profiles of AJAP1 in glioma patients were studied among four independent cohorts.

Prognostic value of a nine-gene signature in glioma patients based on mRNA expression profiling.

Introduction: Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults and a significant cause of cancer-related mortality. A 9-gene signature was identified as a novel prognostic model reflecting survival situation obviously in gliomas.

Aims: To identify an mRNA expression signature to improve outcome prediction for patients with different glioma grades.

HOTAIR, a cell cycle-associated long noncoding RNA and a strong predictor of survival, is preferentially expressed in classical and mesenchymal glioma.

Background: Long noncoding RNA Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) has been characterized as a negative prognostic factor in breast and colon cancer patients. The clinical significance and function of HOTAIR in glioma remains unclear.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical significance of HOTAIR in 3 different glioma cohorts with gene expression data, including correlation with tumor grade, prognosis, and molecular subtype.

Correlation of IDH1/2 mutation with clinicopathologic factors and prognosis in anaplastic gliomas: a report of 203 patients from China.

Purpose: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutation is one of the most exciting new advances in these years. It has been reported that IDH gene frequently altered in grade II and grade III gliomas. We aimed to identify the mutation frequency of IDH genes in Chinese anaplastic glioma patients, the association of IDH gene mutation with other clinical and molecular pathological features and the prognostic value of it.

Hypermethylation of testis derived transcript gene promoter significantly correlates with worse outcomes in glioblastoma patients.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal cancer of the central nervous system. Global genomic hypomethylation and some CpG island hypermethylation are common hallmarks of these malignancies, but the effects of these methylation abnormalities on glioblastomas are still largely unclear. Methylation of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter is currently an only confirmed molecular predictor of better outcome in temozolomide treatment.