The breakthrough of oxide pathway mechanism in stability and scaling relationship for water oxidation.

An in-depth understanding of electrocatalytic mechanisms is essential for advancing electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The emerging oxide pathway mechanism (OPM) streamlines direct O-O radical coupling, circumventing the formation of oxygen vacancy defects featured in the lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM) and bypassing additional reaction intermediates (*OOH) inherent to the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM). With only *O and *OH as intermediates, OPM-driven electrocatalysts stand out for their ability to disrupt traditional scaling relationships while ensuring stability.

Unlocking Lattice Oxygen on Selenide-Derived NiCoOOH for Amine Electrooxidation and Efficient Hydrogen Production.

In pursuit of advancing the electrooxidation of amines, which is typically encumbered by the inertness of C(sp)-H/N(sp)-H bonds, our study introduces a high-performance electrocatalyst that significantly enhances the production efficiency of vital chemicals and fuels. We propose a novel electrocatalytic strategy employing a uniquely designed (NiCo)Se-R electrocatalyst, which is activated through Se-O exchange and electron orbital spin manipulation. This catalyst efficiently generates M species, thus enabling the activation of lattice oxygen and streamlining the electrooxidation of amines.

Ir Single Atoms Boost Metal-Oxygen Covalency on Selenide-Derived NiOOH for Direct Intramolecular Oxygen Coupling.

This investigation probes the intricate interplay of catalyst dynamics and reaction pathways during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), highlighting the significance of atomic-level and local ligand structure insights in crafting highly active electrocatalysts. Leveraging a tailored ion exchange reaction followed by electrochemical dynamic reconstruction, we engineered a novel catalytic structure featuring single Ir atoms anchored to NiOOH (Ir@NiOOH). This novel approach involved the strategic replacement of Fe with Ir, facilitating the transition of selenide precatalysts into active (oxy)hydroxides.

Modulating the electronic structure of CoS by Sn doping boosting urea oxidation for efficient alkaline hydrogen production.

Urea electrocatalytic oxidation afforded by renewable energies is highly promising to replace the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction in water splitting for hydrogen production while realizing the treatment of urea-rich waste water. Therefore, the development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts for water splitting assisted by urea is highly desirable. Herein, Sn-doped CoS electrocatalysts were reported with the engineered electronic structure and the formation of Co-Sn dual active sites for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), respectively.

PLA mediates the innate immune response in Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis.

The eicosanoid signaling pathway mediates insect immune reactions to a wide range of stimuli. This pathway begins with the biosynthesis of arachidonic acid (AA) from the hydrolysis of phospholipids catalyzed by phospholipase A (PLA ). We report here that the PLA inhibitor, dexamethasone (DEX), impaired the innate immune response including nodulation, encapsulation, and melanization in Ostrinia furnacalis larvae, while AA partially reversed these effects of DEX.

Cloning and promoter activity analyses of the promoter of 2'-deoxymugineic acid (DMA) secretion channel gene YS3 in maize.

Iron (Fe) deficiency is a world-wide serious agricultural problem. Maize secretes 2'-deoxymugineic acid (DMA) to uptake and utilize Fe from the soil. In order to explore the gene expression patterns of the DMA secretion channel gene YS3, we cloned the 2813 bp YS3 promoter, and constructed the plant expression vector pCAMBIA-YS3GUS.

[Clinical features and management of complete heart block after transaortic extended septal myectomy in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy].

Objective: To analyze the clinical features, precaution and management of complete heart block (CHB) after transaortic extended septal myectomy operation (extended Morrow procedure) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).

Methods: From October 1996 to December 2011, 10[6 men; mean age (45.4 ± 15.

Intramammary expression and therapeutic effect of a human lysozyme-expressing vector for treating bovine mastitis.

To develop a gene therapy strategy for treating bovine mastitis, a new mammary-specific vector containing human lysozyme (hLYZ) cDNA and kanamycin resistance gene was constructed for intramammary expression and clinical studies. After one time acupuncture or intracisternal infusion of healthy cows with 400 microg of the p215C3LYZ vector, over 2.0 microg/ml of rhLYZ could be detected by enzymatic assay for about 3 weeks in the milk samples.