Broflanilide is a novel insecticide with a unique mode of action on the insect GABA receptor and is registered worldwide for the control of agricultural pests. It shows high efficacy in controlling the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, which is a destructive pest to various crops. FAW was exposed to sublethal concentrations of broflanilide to determine its impact on insect development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonitoring human respiratory patterns is of great importance as it gives essential information for various medical conditions, e.g. sleep apnoea syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (iGABA) receptor is commonly considered as a fast inhibitory channel and is an important insecticide target. Since 1990, RDL, LCCH3, and GRD have been successively isolated and found to be potential subunits of the insect iGABA receptor. More recently, one orphan gene named 8916 was found and considered to be another potential iGABA receptor subunit according to its amino acid sequence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper suggests development of a flexible, lightweight, and ultra-sensitive piezoresistive flow sensor based on vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs) with a mazelike structure. The sensor was thoroughly characterized for steady-state and oscillatory water flow monitoring applications. The results demonstrated a high sensitivity (103.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPyrethroid insecticides have been widely utilized for insect pest control. Target-site resistance is one of the major mechanisms explaining pest resistance to pyrethroids. This study quantified pyrethroid resistance and fitness cost conferred by the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) M918L mutation in Rhopalosiphum padi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one of the most serious pests of agricultural crops. Broflanilide exhibits high lethality against various pests and has been marketed worldwide under the Vedira and Tenebenal brands in 2020. Nevertheless, little information has been reported about its effects on agricultural mites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathological mechanisms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remain largely unexplored. Effective treatment of PAH remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to discover the underlying mechanism of PAH through functional metabolomics and to help develop new strategies for prevention and treatment of PAH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe resistance to dieldrin gene (RDL) encodes the primary subunit of the insect ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR), which is the target of phenylpyrazole and isoxazoline insecticides. The splice variants in exons 3 and 6 of RDL, which have been widely explored in many insects, modulate the agonist potency of the homomeric RDL GABAR and potentially play an important role in the development of insects. In the present study, four splice variants of exon 9 were identified in RDL of the small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (LsRDL), resulting in LsRDL-9a, LsRDL-9a', LsRDL-9b, and LsRDL-9c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBroflanilide, a novel meta-diamide insecticide, shows high insecticidal activity against agricultural pests and is scheduled to be launched onto the market in 2020. However, little information about its potential toxicological effects on fish has been reported. In this study, broflanilide showed low toxicity to the zebrafish, Danio rerio, with LC > 10 mg L at 96 h and also did not inhibit GABA-induced currents of the heteromeric Drα1β2Sγ2 GABA receptor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fluralaner is a novel isoxazoline insecticide with a unique action site on the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR), shows excellent activity on agricultural pests including the common cutworm Spodoptera litura, and significantly influences the development and fecundity of S. litura at either lethal or sublethal doses. Herein, Illumina HiSeq Xten (IHX) platform was used to explore the transcriptome of S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch is a serious agricultural pest and has developed high levels of resistance to many acaricides. Hence, screening new acaricides is important in the control of TSSM. Fluralaner, a novel isoxazoline, has high activity against agricultural and ectoparasitic pests; however, little information is available about its effects on agricultural mites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe progressive disease with systemic metabolic dysregulation. Monocrotaline (MCT)-induced and hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) rodent models are the most widely used preclinical models, however, whether or not these preclinical models recapitulate metabolomic profiles of PAH patients remain unclear.
Methods: In this study, a targeted metabolomics panel of 126 small molecule metabolites was conducted.
Background: Fluralaner, a novel pesticide that targets the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR) subunit of resistant to dieldrin (RDL), exhibits strong potential to be an insecticide to control agricultural insect pests. However, the risk and action of fluralaner to economic insects, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ionotropic GABA receptor (GABAR) is the main fast inhibitory post-synaptic receptor and is also an important insecticidal target. Effect of insecticides on fish has attracted intensive attention. However, no systematic study on heteromeric zebrafish GABAR expressed in oocytes has been reported to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The shift of metabolism from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis and mitochondria binding partner of hexokinase are features common to cancer. These have been seen in pulmonary hypertension (PH) as well. An inhibitor of hexokinase 2 (HK 2), the small molecule 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) is an incredibly powerful and swift-acting anticancer agent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe increasing occurrence of resistance to chemical insecticides in insect pest populations is a serious threat to the integrity of current pest management strategies, and exploring new alternative chemistries is one important way to overcome this obstacle. Fluralaner, as a novel isoxazoline insecticide, has broad spectrum activity against a variety of insect pests, but little data is available about its effect on Lepidopterans. The effects of fluralaner on Spodoptera litura Fabricius, a widespread and polyphagous pest, were evaluated in the present study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
October 2018
Here, we report a new type of strain sensors consisting of vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs) with mazelike network, sandwiched between poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrates. The new sensors outperform most graphene thin-film-based sensors reported previously and show an outstanding combination of high stretchability of ∼120%, excellent linearity over the entire detection range, and high sensitivity with a gauge factor of ∼32.6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare systemic disorder associated with considerable metabolic dysfunction. Although enormous metabolomic studies on PAH have been emerging, research remains lacking on metabolic reprogramming in experimental PAH models. We aim to evaluate the metabolic changes in PAH and provide new insight into endogenous metabolic disorders of PAH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Phenylpyrazole (fiprole) insecticides, including ethiprole, fipronil and flufiprole with excellent activity on rice planthoppers, are very important in Asia but resistance has developed after decades of use. The molecular mechanism of fipronil- but not ethiprole-resistance has been previously studied in rice planthoppers. In our laboratory, a small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus strain with ethiprole-resistance was cultured and the molecular mechanisms of ethiprole resistance and of cross-resistance among fiprole insecticides were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe inability of membranes to handle a wide spectrum of pollutants is an important unsolved problem for water treatment. Here we demonstrate water desalination via a membrane distillation process using a graphene membrane where water permeation is enabled by nanochannels of multilayer, mismatched, partially overlapping graphene grains. Graphene films derived from renewable oil exhibit significantly superior retention of water vapour flux and salt rejection rates, and a superior antifouling capability under a mixture of saline water containing contaminants such as oils and surfactants, compared to commercial distillation membranes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsect γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR) is one of the major targets of insecticides. In the present study, cDNAs (CsRDL1A and CsRDL2S) encoding the two isoforms of RDL subunits were cloned from the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis. Transcripts of both genes demonstrated similar expression patterns in different tissues and developmental stages, although CsRDL2S was ∼2-fold more abundant than CsRDL1A throughout all development stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGreat effort has recently been devoted to the preparation of nanoscale surfaces on titanium-based implants to achieve clinically fast osteoinduction and osseointegration, which relies on the unique characteristics of the nanostructure. In this work, we used induction heating treatment (IHT) as a rapid oxidation method to fabricate a porous nanoscale oxide layer on the Ti6Al4V surface for better medical application. Well-distributed vertical nanopillars were yielded by IHT for 20-35 s on the alloy surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF