Hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta are associated with activation of the AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway in mice with NAFLD.

The functional food application of edible fungus polysaccharides has been widely studied based on their variety of potential pharmacological activities. However, the hepatoprotective effects and mechanisms of Morchella esculenta polysaccharide against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unknown. A high-fat diet (HFD) fed C57BL/6 J mice for 8 weeks was employed to establish NAFLD with simple steatosis, methionine choline deficiency (MCD) diet for 4 weeks induced hepatic steatohepatitis and fibrosis.

Application and research progress in composite stem cell materials of pelvic floor reconstruction.

As an important tool for the surgical treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction, the safety of mesh must be guaranteed. Although the short-term curative effect of most synthetic mesh is satisfactory, complications often occur due to its material. Planting stem cells on mesh through specific methods may resolve the problems of mesh with poor biocompatibility or an uncontrollable rate o degradation.

Recombinant XBB.1.5 boosters induce robust neutralization against KP.2- and KP.3-included JN.1 sublineages.

The newly emerged variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) demonstrate resistance to present therapeutic antibodies as well as the capability to evade vaccination-elicited antibodies. JN.1 sublineages were demonstrated as one of the most immune-evasive variants, showing higher neutralization resistance compared to XBB.

Abnormal resting-state brain network dynamics in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder.

Emerging evidence suggests aberrant functional connectivity (FC) of brain networks in children, adolescents, and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, little is known about alterations of dynamic FC in toddlers with ASD. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of brain network dynamics in ASD toddlers.

Using integrative bioinformatics approaches and machine-learning strategies to identify potential signatures for atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia and seriously affects human health. Key targets of AF bioinformatics analysis can help to better understand the pathogenesis of AF and develop therapeutic targets. The left atrial appendage tissue of 20 patients with AF and 10 patients with sinus rhythm were collected for sequencing, and the expression data of the atrial tissue were obtained.

oligosaccharides alleviate chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression through the BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway and symptoms of sexual dysfunction in mice.

Background: In recent years, depression has become a global public health concern, and one of the common concomitant symptoms are diminished sexual motivation and impaired sexual performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of oligosaccharides (MOO) on depression and its concomitant symptom, sexual dysfunction.

Methods: Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression model was constructed, and the effects of MOO on depression and sexual abilities were evaluated.

A Lewis basic site rich metal-organic framework featuring a hydrogen-bonded acetylene nano-trap for the efficient separation of CH/CO.

The physical separation of CH from CO on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has received a substantial amount of research interest due to its advantages of simplicity, security, and energy efficiency. However, the exploitation of ideal MOF adsorbents for CH/CO separation remains a challenging task due to their similar physical properties and molecular sizes. Herein, we report a unique CH nano-trap constructed using accessible oxygen and nitrogen sites, which exhibits energetic favorability toward CH molecules.

Enabling High-Voltage and Long Lifespan Sodium Batteries via Single-Crystal Layer-Structured Oxide Cathode Material.

Manganese-based layer-structured transition metal oxides are considered promising cathode materials for future sodium batteries owing to their high energy density potential and industrial feasibility. The grain-related anisotropy and electrode/electrolyte side reactions, however, constrain their energy density and cycling lifespan, particularly at high voltages. Large-sized single-crystal O3-typed Na[NiMnCuTi]O was thus designed and successfully synthesized toward high-voltage and long-lifespan sodium batteries.

Trivalent recombinant protein vaccine induces cross-neutralization against XBB lineage and JN.1 subvariants: preclinical and phase 1 clinical trials.

The immune escape capacities of XBB variants necessitate the authorization of vaccines with these antigens. In this study, we produce three recombinant trimeric proteins from the RBD sequences of Delta, BA.5, and XBB.

RUNX2 enhances bladder cancer progression by promoting glutamine metabolism.

Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy within the urinary system. Prior research has suggested that glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in driving bladder cancer progression. However, the precise molecular mechanism governing glutamine metabolism in bladder cancer is still inadequately understood.

Mechanistic insights into carbonate radical-driven reactions: Selectivity and the hydrogen atom abstraction route.

Carbonate radical (CO) is inevitably produced in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) when addressing real-world aqueous environments, yet it often goes unnoticed due to its relatively lower reactivity. In this study, we emphasized the pivotal role of CO in targeting the elimination of contaminants by contrasting it with conventional reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and assessing the removal of sulfamethazine (SMT). Similar to singlet oxygen (O), CO shows a preference for electron-rich organic compounds.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms of Carrot Adaptation to Alternaria Leaf Blight.

Carrot ( L.) is an important vegetable crop that is rich in carotenoids and is widely cultivated throughout the world. Alternaria leaf blight (ALB), caused by infection with (), is the most serious fungal disease in carrot production.

The synergistic effect of radical and non-radical processes on the dephosphorization of dimethoate by vacuum ultraviolet: The overlooked roles of singlet oxygen atom and high-energy excited state.

Organophosphorus pesticides are extensively utilized worldwide, but their incomplete dephosphorization poses significant environmental risks. This study investigates the dephosphorization of dimethoate (DMT), a representative organophosphorus pesticide, using a vacuum ultraviolet system. Surprisingly, in addition to hydroxyl radicals (OH), non-radical processes such as photoexcitation and singlet oxygen atoms (O(D)) exert more significant effects on DMT dephosphorization.

Diversity and Functional Roles of Root-Associated Endophytic Fungi in Two Dominant Pioneer Trees Reclaimed from a Metal Mine Slag Heap in Southwest China.

The utilization of fast-growing, economically valuable woody plants with strong stress resistance, such as poplar and willow, to revegetate severely metal-contaminated mine tailings not only offers a productive and profitable use of abandoned polluted soil resources but also facilitates the phytoremediation of these polluted soils. This study examines the diversity and functional roles of endophytic fungi naturally colonizing the roots of an artificially established forest and the naturally reclaimed pioneer species on an abandoned tailing dam in southwest China. Culture-independent analyses revealed that the root systems of both plant species were abundantly colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and endophytic fungi, forming rich and diverse endophytic fungal communities predominantly represented by the genera , , , and unclassified members of Helotiales.

Exploring action-law of microplastic abundance variation in river waters at coastal regions of China based on machine learning prediction.

Surface waters, particularly the river systems, constitute a vital freshwater resource for human beings and aquatic life on Earth. In economically developed and densely populated coastal regions, river water is facing severe microplastic pollution, posing a threat to public health and ecological safety. Reliable prediction of microplastic abundance (MPA) can significantly reduce the costs associated with microplastic field sampling and analysis.

Assessment of left atrial function and left atrioventricular coupling via cardiac magnetic resonance in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes.

Aims: Assessment of left atrial (LA) function and the left atrioventricular coupling index (LACI) have recently been increasingly recognized as important indices for cardiovascular diseases associated with the presence of prediabetes and diabetes. We aimed to evaluate LA function and the LACI in patients with prediabetes and diabetes via cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 35 patients with prediabetes, 32 patients with diabetes, and 84 healthy control participants.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound findings of sclerotic nodules in Wilson disease: A case report.

Rationale: Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disease found by Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson and prevalent in childhood and adolescents.

Patient Concerns: An 18-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with a continuous decrease of 3 blood cell lines for more than 10 days, and diagnosed as decompensated cirrhosis. Ultrasonography showed diffuse lesions in the hepatic parenchyma, with multiple hypoechoic light masses in the parenchyma, the outline was still clear, and the internal echo was uneven.

Molecular Unravelling of the Structural Effect of Quinone Redox Mediators on Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Redox mediators (RMs) provide tantalizing solutions to unlock the energy capabilities of aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries by driving solution-mediated LiO growth. However, the structural effect of RMs on the catalytic efficiency of the oxygen reduction reaction remains incompletely understood. Herein, we present the interplay between the structure of RMs and their discharge capabilities by a comparative study of model quinone (Q)-based RMs.

Advancements in therapeutic peptides: Shaping the future of cancer treatment.

In the evolving landscape of cancer treatment, therapeutic peptides are assuming to play an increasingly vital role. Although the number of peptide drugs available for clinical cancer treatment is currently limited, extensive preclinical research is underway, presenting a promising trajectory for the future. The collaborative efforts of natural anti-cancer peptides (ACPs) and synthetic ACPs, propelled by advancements in molecular biology and peptide chemistry, are steering remarkable progress in this domain.

Synergistically enhanced heterogeneous activation of dissolved oxygen for aqueous carbamazepine degradation over S(III) coupled with siderite.

The wide occurrence of emerging contaminants (ECs) was drawing more attention due to the potential hazard and threat on human and environment. Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a widely prescribed medication that has garnered considerable research interest with the exposures exceeding the environmental carrying capacity. We have established the innovative heterogeneous advanced oxidation process (AOPs) based on the activated dissolved oxygen (DO) coupled with S(III) and natural iron ore (siderite).

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict severe influenza.

Background: Influenza is an acute respiratory disease posing significant harm to human health. Early prediction and intervention in patients at risk of developing severe influenza can significantly decrease mortality.

Method: A comprehensive analysis of 146 patients with influenza was conducted using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Mechanistic Study on Oxygen Reduction Reaction in High-Concentrated Electrolytes for Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Highly concentrated electrolytes (HCEs) have energized the development of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries by facilitating the formation of robust inorganic-derived solid electrolyte interfaces on the lithium anode. However, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) occurring on the cathode side remains ambiguous in HCE-based lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries. Herein, we investigate the ORR mechanism in a highly concentrated LiTFSI-CHCN electrolyte using ultra-microelectrode voltammetry coupled with in situ spectroscopies.