Effect of age on lung adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia in Tibetan sheep.

After prolonged adaptation to high-altitude environments, Tibetan sheep have developed a robust capacity to withstand hypobaric hypoxia. Compared to low-altitude sheep, various organs and tissues in Tibetan sheep have undergone significant adaptive remodeling, particularly in the lungs. However, whether lambs and adult Tibetan sheep exhibit similar adaptations to high-altitude hypoxia remains unclear.

Insight into the correlation of taste substances and salty-umami taste from hydrolysates prepared using different proteases.

To prepare dual-functional seasoning ingredients with a salty-umami taste, five proteases were applied to hydrolyze proteins, preparing enzymatic hydrolysates. Their taste compounds along with the salty-umami taste, were investigated. The results revealed that enzymatic hydrolysis facilitated the release of taste compounds from .

Effects of two strains isolated from different sources on the growth of .

Microbial inoculants offer an environmentally friendly approach to enhance plant growth and control disease. In this study, two strains, HKSSLJEBR3 (R3) and Ya-1 were isolated from pepper plant roots and tropical rainforest soil, respectively. Both strains exhibited strong antifungal activity against f.

Interface-Driven Catalytic Enhancements in Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Immobilized CoNiS@ReS/CC Heterostructures for Optimized Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Seawater-Splitting.

The rational design of multicomponent heterostructure is an effective strategy to enhance the catalytic activity of electrocatalysts for water and seawater electrolysis in alkaline conditions. Herein, MOF-derived nitrogen-doped carbon/nickel-cobalt sulfides coupled vertically aligned Rhenium disulfide (ReS) on carbon cloth (NC-CoNiS@ReS/CC) are constructed via hydrothermal and activation approaches. Experimental and theoretical analysis demonstrates that the strong interactions between multiple interfaces promote electron redistribution and facilitate water dissociation, thereby optimizing *H adsorption energy for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Enhanced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell and Extracellular Matrix Repair Using a Metal-Organic Framework-Based Co-Delivery System for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Therapy.

The abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe and complex condition characterized by the pathological dilation of the abdominal aorta. Current therapeutic strategies are limited, with surgical repair being the most effective intervention due to the lack of medications that can slow aneurysmal expansion or prevent adverse events. In this study, an innovative nanoplatform, Mn-UiO-66-NH@HA, designed to repair vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is developed, thereby enhancing arterial wall integrity.

Deciphering the internal mechanism of nitrogen removal from sludge and biofilm under low temperature from the perspective of microbial function metabolism.

Nitrogen emissions up to the standard are a major challenge for wastewater treatment plants in alpine and high-altitude areas. The dosing of carriers can improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of the system at low temperatures; however, the mechanism of action of sludge and biofilm in nitrogen removal remains unclear. This study elucidated the internal mechanism of nitrogen removal via the function of microbial metabolism in sludge and biofilm at low temperatures.

Alterations in white matter microstructure in bipolar disorder patients with and without psychosis.

Objective: The overlap of affective disturbance and psychosis considerably makes it complex to determine the etiology of bipolar disorder (BD) and develop targeted interventions. The present study aimed to determine the white matter microstructural alterations that distinguish between BD with psychosis (BDP) and BD with no psychosis (BDNP) to identify patients who may specifically benefit from appropriately effective treatments.

Methods: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired from 38 participants with BDP, 52 participants with BDNP and 70 healthy controls (HCs).

Development of a peptide-based tumor-activated checkpoint inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy.

Antibody-based checkpoint inhibitors have achieved great success in cancer immunotherapy, but their uncontrollable immune-related adverse events remain a major challenge. In this study, we developed a tumor-activated nanoparticle that is specifically active in tumors but not in normal tissues. We discovered a short anti-PD-L1 peptide that blocks the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction.

Learning curve for double-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung segmentectomy: a propensity score matching study.

Objective: To determine the learning curve for double-port video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) lung segmentectomy performed by the same surgical team in our center.

Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical data from 193 patients who underwent double-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung segmentectomy from March 2017 to March 2023. The operative time (OT) was analyzed using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) method, and two stages of the learning curve were obtained.

Twisted Dipole Ion Guide (TDIG) for Flexible Ion Transfer in Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

In ambient mass spectrometry, the performance in direct in situ analysis applications has been hindered by the lack of efficient ion-transferring technique between the atmosphere pressure ionization source and the mass analyzer. Building upon the hybrid concept of a stack ring ion guide and multipole ion guide, this study proposes the concept of a reconfigurable twisted dipole ion guide (TDIG) that enables flexible ion transfer between atmosphere and vacuum. Initially, theoretical and numerical studies were conducted to understand the basic ion confining principle of the twisted dipole ion guide, revealing its unique merits in long-distance flexible ion transmission.

The gut microbiota mediates memory impairment under high-altitude hypoxia via the gut-brain axis in mice.

Hypoxia is a predominant risk factor at high altitudes, and evidence suggests that high-altitude hypoxia alters the gut microbiota, which plays an essential regulatory role in memory function. However, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and memory impairment under hypoxic conditions remains unclear. In this study, we employed a high-altitude hypoxia model combined with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) approach in mice to explore the effects of the gut microbiota on memory impairment in a hypoxic environment.

Construction and validation of a regulatory T cells-based classification of renal cell carcinoma: an integrated bioinformatic analysis and clinical cohort study.

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), exhibiting remarkable heterogeneity, can be highly infiltrated by regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the relationship between Treg and the heterogeneity of RCC remains to be explored.

Methods: We acquired single-cell RNA-seq profiles and 537 bulk RNA-seq profiles of TCGA-KIRC cohort.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation on the Conformational Change of a pH-Switchable Lipid.

pH-sensitive lipids are important components of lipid nanoparticles, which enable the targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. Understanding the mechanism of pH-triggered drug release at the molecular level is important for the rational design of ionizable lipids. Based on a recently reported pH-switchable lipid, named SL2, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to explore the microscopic mechanism behind the membrane destabilization induced by the conformational change of pH-switchable lipids.

Multifunctional Fluorescent Material Based Red-emitting Carbon Dots for Cell Imaging and Photodynamic Sterilization.

In this paper, a new carbon dot (R1-CDs) was prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method by using 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and o-phthalic acid (o-PA) as precursors. Due to the high purity of R1-CDs, NMR analysis was performed to identify the types of H and C atoms in their graphene sheets. From our research findings, three important information was disclosed such as (1) five types H atoms are presented in R1-CDs; (2) 18 kinds of C atoms in the graphene sheets are observed, and 8 kinds of them are quaternary atoms, and 10 kinds of carbon atoms as tertiary one; (3) functional groups of -COOH and -NH2 from precursors cannot be inherited into the edges or defect sites of graphene sheet.

Single-chain antibody gene therapy strategy based on high-throughput screening triggers sustained antiviral activity in the body.

The occurrence of viral diseases poses a huge threat and impact on human public health safety and the development of the animal and fishery industry. Here, a strain of single-chain antibody fragment, scFv-1, was isolated from the phage antibody display library construct by immunizing New Zealand white rabbits with rhabdovirus. analysis showed that the single-chain antibody could inhibit the infection of the virus in multiple pathways, including adsorption, fusion, and release.

Discovery of natural few-layer graphene on the Moon.

Natural few-layer graphene is unambiguously identified from the Chang'e-5 lunar soil samples, which serves as a new platform for investigating extraterrestrial bodies.

The effects of negative life events on college students' problematic online gaming use: a chain-mediated model of boredom proneness regulation.

The study investigated the impact of negative life events on college students' problematic online gaming use, as well as the mediating role of basic psychological needs and anxiety, and the moderating effect of boredom proneness. A total of 1,102 college students were surveyed by using the Adolescent Negative Life Events Scale, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, GAD-7, DSM-5, and Boredom Proneness Scale. From the sample, 881 participants with experience in online gaming were selected for the study.

Cost-effectiveness of camrelizumab plus rivoceranib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in the context of regional disparities in China.

Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of combining camrelizumab with rivoceranib versus sorafenib as initial treatment options for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) across different developmental regions in China.

Methods: Utilizing TreeAge Pro and data from the phase III randomized CARES-310 clinical trial, a model based on Markov state transitions was developed. Health state utility values were derived from the CARES-310 trial, and direct medical costs were obtained from relevant literature and local pricing data.

Laparoscopic repair of intrathoracic kidney associated with giant congenital diaphragmatic hernia: an infant case report and literature review.

Background: Intrathoracic kidney (ITK) is a rare congenital disease, with only about 40 pediatric cases reported worldwide to date. ITK associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is even rarer, and we report a case of an infant with ITK combined with a giant CDH.

Case Description And Management: A six-month-old male infant was hospitalized due to "vomiting for 4 days".

Intra-arterial cocktail therapy for patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who achieved endovascular reperfusion.

Background: Clinically ineffective reperfusion (CIR) refers to the discrepancy between successful reperfusion and a favorable functional outcome in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke after endovascular treatment (EVT). The Improving Neuroprotective Strategy for Ischemic Stroke with Sufficient Recanalization after Thrombectomy by Intra-arterial Cocktail Therapy (INSIST-CT) trial aimed to explore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of intra-arterial cocktail therapy using argatroban, dexamethasone, and edaravone in patients who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT.

Methods: In this prospective, single-arm, pilot study, eligible patients with anterior circulation LVO who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT were enrolled in the INSIST-CT trial.

Modulating Oxygen Reduction Activity in Chalcogenophene-Incorporated Organic Electrocatalysts through Main-Group Element Engineering.

Organic small molecules (OSMs) with well-defined structures are crucial integral components of cathode catalysts for fuel cells. Despite the acknowledged potential of heteroatom doping to enhance the catalytic performance of metal-free carbon-based catalysts, there exists a notable gap in conducting molecular structure and catalytic activity, particularly under the premise of maintaining a constant molecular skeleton and with a clear molecular structure. Herein, the charge distribution is modulated by introducing different chalcogens into the same molecular skeleton through main-group engineering.

Molecular Hydride Superconductor BiH with up to 91 K at 170 GPa.

In pursuit of high- hydride superconductors, the molecular hydrides have attracted less attention because the hydrogen quasimolecules are usually inactive for superconductivity. Here, we report on the successful synthesis of a novel bismuth hydride superconductor 2/-BiH at pressures around 170-180 GPa. Its structure comprises bismuth atoms and elongated hydrogen molecules with a H-H bond length of 0.

High-Brightness Color-Tunable AC-Driven Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes for Integrated Passive High-Electric-Field Contactless Detection.

This work explores the carrier recombination dynamics of AC-driven quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (AC-QLEDs) and proposes their application in the field of electric field contactless detection. Different sequences of green QD (GQD)/red QD (RQD) bilayer thin films as the emission layer of AC-QLEDs were fabricated via film transfer printing to ensure the complete morphology of each layer. AC-QLEDs with the emission layer as the sequence of GQD + RQD (GR-QLEDs) show a significantly enhanced carrier recombination efficiency due to its stable energy level structure, achieving the highest peak brightness ever recorded for vertically emitting brightness of 1648.

Intercellular Ion-Gradient Piezoheterogated Biphasic Gel for Ultrahigh Iontronic Generation.

Piezoionic materials have attracted considerable attention for their ability to generate iontronic signals or power in response to stress stimuli. However, the limited intrinsic transport distinction between cations and anions within most ionic materials results in weakened iontronic power conversion efficiencies under stress fields. Here, we report a piezoheterogated biphasic gel for ultrahigh iontronic generation, characterized by high-internal microphase heterointerfaces that facilitate the distinct transport of various ion species.