Integrated sand and activated carbon-based filtration for decanted oily wastewater treatment during offshore oil spill response.

Decanted oily wastewater is the generated stream associated with vessel-based skimming operations during offshore oil spill response. It contains a large amount of persistent, bio-accumulative, carcinogenic, and mutagenic oil contaminants, so it is critical to find effective ways to treat it. This study targets the decanted oily wastewater treatment by developing an integrated sand and activated carbon-based filtration approach.

Progression and perspectives in disease modeling for Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm occurring in infants and young children. JMML has been shown to be resistant to all conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, and current curative therapies still rely on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which carries a high risk of relapse post-transplantation. This underscores the urgent need for novel treatment strategies.

Accurate Spatial Heterogeneity Dissection and Gene Regulation Interpretation for Spatial Transcriptomics using Dual Graph Contrastive Learning.

Recent advances in spatial transcriptomics have enabled simultaneous preservation of high-throughput gene expression profiles and the spatial context, enabling high-resolution exploration of distinct regional characterization in tissue. To effectively understand the underlying biological mechanisms within tissue microenvironments, there is a requisite for methods that can accurately capture external spatial heterogeneity and interpret internal gene regulation from spatial transcriptomics data. However, current methods for region identification often lack the simultaneous characterizing of spatial structure and gene regulation, thereby limiting the ability of spatial dissection and gene interpretation.

A Boat-Paddle-Like Molecule Binder with Twining-Blocked and Ultrafast Self-Healing Functionalities for Stable Silicon Anodes.

Self-healing binder is a prospective and efficient strategy to alleviate volume expansion of silicon (Si) anodes. However, excellent mechanical strength and healing ability tend to be mutually exclusive, due to enhanced tensile stress limit by twining polymer chains, while inhibiting polymer diffusion rate and inducing healing failure by blocked chains. Herein, inspired by the planning course of boat and paddles, a novel self-healing binder (PVA-4FBA-PEI) is designed and synthesized with mobile parallel structure and twining-blocked characteristics.

Melanoma-inhibiting activity promotes the migration and odontoblastic differentiation of stem cells of apical papilla.

Objective: Melanoma Inhibitory Activity (MIA) has been predominantly studied in the context of melanoma and cartilage development. However, its role in dental pulp development and stem cell behavior remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the expression pattern of MIA in dental pulp tissues and its potential role in the proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs).

Mechanistic study of double boron-silicon exchange reactions between dibenzosiloles and boron tribromide.

This paper describes a mechanistic study on double boron-silicon exchange reactions between dibenzosiloles and boron tribromide. This type of reaction presents a safe and environmentally benign approach to convert electron-rich siloles into corresponding electron-deficient boroles and hence shows intriguing potential for the synthesis of boron-doped π-conjugated molecular materials. However, the detailed mechanisms for such reactions have not yet been established in the current literature.

Total Synthesis of Ryanodane Diterpenoids Garajonone and 3-epi-Garajonone.

Ryanodane diterpenes are structurally complex natural products that are well-known for their high degree of oxidation and the challenges associated with synthesizing them within the terpene class. Herein, we present a two-stage synthetic strategy that draws inspiration from the broad biosynthesis of terpenes, allowing us to achieve the first chemical synthesis of garajonone, a ryanodane diterpenoid that occurs naturally at low abundance, as well as its epimer, 3-epi-garajonone. The key to this success lies in the rapid construction of the carbon framework of the target molecule by employing an early-stage palladium-catalyzed Heck/carbonylative esterification cascade annulation, followed by successive late-stage selective redox manipulation to establish the desired oxidation state of the molecule.

DC vs AC Electrokinetics-Driven Nanoplasmonic Raman Monitoring of Charged Analyte Molecules in Ionic Solutions.

Electrokinetic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EK-SERS) is an emerging high-order analytical technique that combines the plasmonic sensitivity of SERS with the electrode interfacial molecular control of electrokinetics. However, previous EK-SERS works primarily focused on non-Faradaic direct current (DC) operation, limiting the understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, developing reliable EK-SERS devices with electrically connected plasmonic hotspots remains challenging for achieving high sensitivity and reproducibility in EK-SERS measurements.

The symptoms evolution of long COVID‑19 (SE-LC19): a new patient-reported content valid instrument.

Background: The field of long COVID research is rapidly evolving, however, tools to assess and monitor symptoms and recovery of the disease are limited. The objective of the present study was to develop a new patient-reported outcomes instrument, the Symptoms Evolution of Long COVID‑19 (SE-LC19), and establish its content validity.

Methods: The 40-item SE-LC19 instrument was developed based on patient-relevant empirical evidence from scientific literature and clinical guidelines that reported symptoms specific to long COVID.

Establishment of a prognostic risk model for prostate cancer based on Gleason grading and cuprotosis related genes.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is common in aging males, diagnosed via the Gleason grading system. The study explores the unexamined prognostic value of cuprotosis, a distinct cell death type, alongside Gleason grades in PCa.

Methods: We explored Cuprotosis-related genes (CRGs) in prostate cancer (PCa), using NMF on TCGA-PRAD data for patient classification and WGCNA to link genes with Gleason scores and prognosis.

Synthesis and characterization of 2-(anthracene-9-yl)-4,5-diphenyl-1-imidazole derivatives as environmentally sensitive fluorophores.

2-(Anthracene-9-yl)-4,5-diphenyl-1-imidazole (ADPI) provides an intriguing molecular platform for developing organic fluorophores with diverse properties and fluorescence performances. However, derivatives of ADPI have not yet been well explored and extensive studies are warranted. To shed more light on this, we have synthesized a series of π-extended ADPIs through a concise synthetic route involving an efficient cross-condensation reaction followed by Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling.

The prognostic impact of pathogenic stromal cell-associated genes in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) stands as the most prevalent subtype among lung cancers. Interactions between stromal and cancer cells influence tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of stromal cells in the lung adenocarcinoma tumor microenvironment remain unclear.

DDAH1 promotes neurogenesis and neural repair in cerebral ischemia.

Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive neurons in neural stem cell (NSC) niches can evoke adult neurogenesis (AN) and restore impaired brain function after injury, such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, the relevant mechanism by which ChAT neurons develop in NSC niches is poorly understood. Our RNA-seq analysis revealed that dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1), a hydrolase for asymmetric ,-dimethylarginine (ADMA), regulated genes responsible for the synthesis and transportation of acetylcholine (ACh) (, and ) after stroke insult.

Bioinspired Collective Total Synthesis of (±)-Rhynchines A-E.

Herein, we present the first racemic total synthesis of the structurally complex monoterpene indole alkaloids rhynchines A-E, starting from commercially available methyl nicotinate and 3-(2-bromoethyl)-1-indole. The success of our synthesis is attributed to the utilization of a bioinspired synthetic strategy, which facilitated the rapid construction of the pentacyclic core skeleton of the target molecules through biomimetic skeletal rearrangement and late-stage C-H oxidative cyclization. Additionally, silica-gel-promoted tautomerization played a crucial role as a strategic element in the chemical synthesis of rhynchines A and B.

Bioinspired Total Synthesis of Cephalotaxus Diterpenoids and Their Structural Analogues.

Herein, we present a unified chemical synthesis of three subgroups of cephalotaxus diterpenoids. Key to the success lies in adopting a synthetic strategy that is inspired by biosynthesis but is opposite in nature. By employing selective one-carbon introduction and ring expansion operations, we have successfully converted cephalotane-type C dinorditerpenoids (using cephanolide B as a starting material) into troponoid-type C norditerpenoids and intact cephalotane-type C diterpenoids.

Reduced Volume Expansion of Micron-Sized SiO via Closed-Nanopore Structure Constructed by Mg-Induced Elemental Segregation.

The inherently huge volume expansion during Li uptake has hindered the use of Si-based anodes in high-energy lithium-ion batteries. While some pore-forming and nano-architecting strategies show promises to effectively buffer the volume change, other parameters essential for practical electrode fabrication, such as compaction density, are often compromised. Here we propose a new in situ Mg doping strategy to form closed-nanopore structure into a micron-sized SiO particle at a high bulk density.

Cryoprotective effect of soluble soybean polysaccharides and enzymatic hydrolysates on the myofibrillar protein of Nemipterus virgatus surimi.

Cryoprotective effect and potential mechanism of soluble soybean polysaccharides (SSPS) and enzymatic hydrolysates on surimi was investigated. After hydrolysis, the molecular weight of SSPS significantly decreased, and the hydrolysates prepared by endo-polygalacturonase (EPG-SSPS) was the lowest (154 kDa). Infrared spectrum analysis revealed that enzymatic hydrolysis didn't alter the functional groups of SSPS, but it did augment the exposure to hydroxyl groups.

Development of a spiropyran-assisted cellulose aerogel with switchable wettability as oil sorbent for oil spill cleanup.

This research presents the successful development and optimization of a spiropyran-assisted cellulose aerogel (CNF-SP) aerogel with UV-induced switchable wettability, and the evaluation of its performance as an effective oil sorbent for oil spill cleanup. The aerogel initially exhibited strong hydrophobicity (124°) and showed UV-induced switchable wettability due to the photo-response structure of spiropyran. Upon UV irradiation, the hydrophobicity of the aerogel could be switched to hydrophilicity (31°), while visible light irradiation could restore its hydrophobicity.

Computational identification of DNA damage-relevant lncRNAs for predicting therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes in cancer.

Objectives: The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer treatment, particularly in modulating DNA repair programs, is an emerging field that warrants systematic exploration. This study aimed to systematically identify the lncRNA regulators that potentially regulate DNA damage response (DDR).

Methods: Using genome-wide mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles of the same tumor patients, we proposed a novel computational framework.