Root-zone oxygen supply mitigates waterlogging stress in tomato by enhancing root growth, photosynthetic performance, and antioxidant capacity.

Water-air coupled oxygen supply to the root zone can significantly enhance crop yield and quality under non-waterlogged conditions. However, its impact on crops subjected to waterlogging-induced hypoxia remains unclear. In this study, tomatoes were chosen as the model crop due to their economic value and sensitivity to waterlogged conditions.

Revealing that artificial reproduction promotes increased genetic diversity between generations in .

Introduction: , an endemic species of Putuo Island in the Zhoushan Archipelago, Zhejiang Province, China, is listed as critically endangered (D1) in the 1998 World List of Threatened Trees.

Methods: Using 15 pairs of SSR primers markers, 143 individuals from three population generations were analyzed, generating 193 alleles.

Results And Discussion: The average number of alleles ( ) was 12.

Alterations in nailfold videocapillaroscopy among patients with connective tissue diseases combined with pulmonary arterial hypertension: A cross-sectional study.

This study examines the correlation between nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) abnormalities and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in connective tissue disease (CTD) patients, evaluating its diagnostic and predictive value for microcirculation alterations. A cross-sectional study included 351 CTD patients and 30 non-CTD healthy people, with NVC assessments conducted qualitatively, semi-quantitatively, and quantitatively by two independent physicians. Clinical and laboratory data were analyzed, comparing CTD patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH) and those without (CTD-non-PAH).

Rapid generation and characterization of recombinant HCoV-OC43-VR1558 infectious clones expressing reporter Renilla luciferase.

Viral infectious clones (ICs) serve as robust platforms for studying viral biology and screening antiviral agents using reverse genetics. However, the molecular profiles and complex limitations of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) pose a challenge to ICs development. In this study, we report a novel platform to develop the ICs for HCoV-OC43-VR1558 using a one-step assembly method in yeast by transformation-associated recombination (TAR) technology.

Regulating Crystallization for Pure-Iodide 1.68 eV Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor over 86.

Mixed halide wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites, widely used as a top-cell absorber in tandem solar cells, exhibit severe photoinduced halide phase segregation. A feasible solution is to exploit pure-iodide WBG perovskites, essentially increasing Cs content instead of Br to achieve bandgap widening. However, the efficiency of pure-iodine WBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs) reported so far has been inferior to that of the typical mixed halide WBG PSCs due to complex nucleation and phase transition processes, leading to poor crystallization quality and a high density of defect states in pure-iodine WBG perovskites.

Bacteroides fragilis Toxin Suppresses METTL3-Mediated m6A Modification in Macrophage to Promote Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background And Aims: Bacteroides fragilis toxin (BFT), produced by enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF), is crucial for ETBF-induced colitis. This study aims to investigate the impact of BFT-host interactions on N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of host mRNA and its underlying mechanisms.

Molecular characterization of a novel non-segmented double-stranded RNA mycovirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae.

In this study, we isolated a novel mycovirus from Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae strain YY-1, which we named "Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae mycovirus 1" (LpMyV1). The complete genome of LpMyV1 is 2877 bp in length and contains two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2). ORF1 encodes a putative protein of 316 amino acids with a molecular weight of 34.

Socioeconomic developments drove regime shifts of agriculture-ecology-economy nexus of social-ecological system: Four-decade lessons from southeast China.

Urbanization has been recognized as an effective measure to promote socioeconomic development; however, it leads to cropland and habitat loss and aggravates ecosystem services (ESs), which have not been sufficiently and systematically revealed from the perspective of agriculture-ecology-economy nexus (AEEN). To address these knowledge gaps, this novel study adopted a hotspot of urbanization to examine the response dynamics of ESs and agricultural production to urbanization, as well as their regime shifts and interactions, by employing statistical records, satellite images, and incorporating biophysical model-based ESs into AEEN. In the past four decades, Guangdong has undergone rapid urbanization and associated landscape transformations, represented by cropland and wetland shrinkage and urban expansion, particularly around central city clusters, which have caused ESs degradation and grain productivity reduction.

Two-dimensional unilamellar cation-deficient metal oxide nanosheet incorporated composite polymer electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are considered among the leading contenders for next-generation all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries. However, CPEs simultaneously face multiple significant challenges, including reduced ion transference number, insufficient ionic conductivity, and poor cycling stability, which severely limit their practical applicability. Herein, we have designed a multifunctional unilamellar inorganic nanosheets (TiO) additive for CPEs with cationic defects which is capable of simultaneously addressing all aforementioned challenges.

Recent advances in metallic and metal oxide nanoparticle-assisted molecular methods for the detection of .

The detection of is of irreplaceable importance for the maintenance of public health and food safety. In the field of molecular detection, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have demonstrated significant advantages due to their unique physicochemical properties, and their application in detection has become a cutting-edge focus of scientific research. This review systematically introduces the innovative applications of these nanoparticles in detection, including the use of magnetic nanoparticles for efficient enrichment of bacteria and precise purification of nucleic acids, as well as a variety of nanoparticle-assisted immunoassays such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, lateral flow immunoassays, colorimetric methods, and fluorescence strategies.

Advances in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus research: genome, epidemiology, vaccines, and detection methods.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious intestinal disease caused by the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). The economic impact of PEDV on the global pig industry has been significant, resulting in considerable losses. This paper presents a review of the latest research progress on PEDV genome, molecular epidemiology, vaccine development, and molecular detection methods.

Resistance to Dolutegravir in Treatment-experienced Patients in South Africa: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Dolutegravir resistance has been reported more frequently in patients with prior treatment experience compared to those on dolutegravir in first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). The widespread use of dolutegravir in resource-limited programmatic settings might facilitate the emergence of resistance. Data on the prevalence of dolutegravir resistance from programmatic settings in Africa are scarce.

Clinical features and prognosis of drug-induced liver injury in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver.

Background: Acute drug-induced liver injury (DILI) events caused by chronic liver disease are relatively common. Some researchers believe that nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) increases the overall risk of DILI. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of DILI in the context of NAFL disease (NAFLD) are still unclear.

Comparative Metabolomics Analysis of Seed Composition Accumulation in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Differing in Protein and Oil Content.

Efforts to enhance protein and oil contents in soybean seeds are significant; however, a negative correlation usually exists between protein and oil levels. This observation emphasizes the need to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics and interactions in protein and oil accumulation during soybean seed development. The current study used LC-MS/MS methodology to conduct high-throughput metabolomic analyses, aiming to understand metabolite compositions and spatial distributions in soybean varieties with extreme protein and oil content phenotypes including HPHO, HPLO, LPHO and LPLO lines.

Modeling electron competition and pH factor interactions improve cognitions of nitrite accumulation during denitrification.

Electron competition (EC) and pH stress are two key factors influencing NO production during denitrification, but their dominance and interactions in the full pH range are poorly understood. In this study, we propose a concise Electron Competition Inhibition (ECI) model to clarify the contribution of EC and pH stress to NO production by characterizing the denitrifying kinetics in batch tests. The model exhibits good fitting results on NO accumulation across a wide NO/NO ratio range from 0 to 9, demonstrating its excellent ability in describing the EC effect and determining rate constants for NO and NO reductions.

Study on the mechanism of Jiawei Shoutai Pill in the treatment of diminished ovarian reserve based on network pharmacology.

Jiawei Shoutai Pill is a traditional Chinese medicine formulation used clinically by physicians to treat diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) with positive outcomes. This study aimed to explore the potential pharmacological mechanisms of Jiawei Shoutai Pill in treating DOR by using network pharmacology methods. The effective compounds from traditional Chinese medicine were collected from the TCMSP, SYMmap, and PubChem, and the corresponding targets were retrieved from PubChem, Swiss Target Prediction, and DrugBank.

Impact of PSMD2 on Gastric Cancer Tissue Stiffness Investigated via Motor-Piezoceramic Coupled Atomic Force Microscopy.

Gastric cancer is one of the deadliest malignant tumors of the digestive tract, and its development and metastasis are regulated by various factors. Some studies have shown that PSMD2 is involved in cancer development by regulating the tumor microenvironment stiffness. However, the exact mechanism is unclear, and effective means to quantify the effect of PSMD2 on gastric cancer tissue hardness are lacking.

Double-module ratio as a patient-based real-time quality control index for small shift detection and comparative assay.

Objectives: Irregular fluctuations in patient data affect patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) performance. Moreover, results among multiple instruments can be inconsistent. Here, we explored a simple index, double-module ratio, to improve PBRTQC performance through overcoming irregular fluctuations, and ensure consistency across multiple instruments in real time.

Dipolar Carbazole Ammonium for Broadened Electric Field Distribution in High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with ammonium passivation exhibit superior device performance and stability. Beyond typical chemical passivation, ammonium salts control the electronic structure of perovskite surfaces, yet the molecular structure-property relationship requires further understanding, especially the dipole effect. Here, we employed carbazole and its halogenated counterpart as the functional group of ammonium salts.

Analysis of Halophilic Phenotypic Variation and Cytotoxicity of from Different Sources.

is an aquatic animal pathogen. Recently, the detection rate of in freshwater products has exceeded that in seafood products, and the strains isolated from freshwater products exhibit better growth conditions in low-salinity environments. This study is based on a food risk detection activity in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, investigating the variation of halophilism and the virulence of two groups of strains under different salt concentrations.

PIWI-interacting RNA MIABEPIR regulates cerebral endothelial cell function via DAPK2 pathway in offspring following maternal immune activation.

Maternal immune activation (MIA) is recognised as a risk factor in the neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the precise molecular pathways through which MIA disrupts neurovascular function remain largely unexplored. Here, we identify a novel MIA-associated brain endothelial piRNA (MIABEPIR) involved in regulating BMEC function and BBB integrity.

Electrochemical nitrite sensing using mass transfer signal with a catalyst-free small-sized rotating disk electrode for wastewater monitoring.

Electrochemical nitrite sensing (ENS) is a competitive method for online monitoring in the intelligent control of biological nitrogen removal process. However, its popularity is extremely low due to complex wastewater interference and low sensor durability. Here, we developed a novel ENS method that utilizes the mass transfer signal (MTS) of the nitrite oxidation reaction (NOR), making detection accuracy dependent solely on mass transfer process.

Van der Waals quantum dots on layered hexagonal boron nitride.

Semiconductor quantum dots (QD) promise unique electronic, optical, and chemical properties, which can be exquisitely tuned by controlling the composition, size, and morphology. Semiconductor QDs have been synthesized primarily via two approaches, namely, epitaxial growth and wet-chemical synthesis. However, the properties of epitaxial QDs (eQDs) are susceptible to wetting layer formation and substrate dislocations, while colloidal QDs (cQDs) face fluorescence intermittency issues.