Microbial characteristics of bile in gallstone patients: a comprehensive analysis of 9,939 cases.

Introduction: The exact triggers of gallstone formation remain incompletely understood, but research indicates that microbial infection is a significant factor and can interfere with treatment. There is no consensus on the bile microbial culture profiles in previous studies, and determining the microbial profile could aid in targeted prevention and treatment. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the differences in microbial communities cultured from bile specimens of patients with gallstones.

Advanced surface-enhanced raman scattering nanoprobes for precise detection of Nitroreductase in Hypoxic tumor cells: Improving Cancer diagnosis.

Nitroreductase (NTR) plays a critical role in the oxygen-deficient environment of anoxic tumor cells, and its identification is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. This research introduces an innovative Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) probe, created by attaching p-nitrothiophenol (p-NTP) to gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). This probe leverages the specific enzymatic reaction of NTR in hypoxic status, utilizing decreased NADH.

Quercetin Alleviates Scleral Remodeling Through Inhibiting the PERK-EIF2α Axis in Experiment Myopia.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of quercetin (QUE) on scleral remodeling by inhibiting the PERK-EIF2α signaling pathway and to evaluate its potential role in slowing myopia.

Methods: Lens-induced myopia (LIM) guinea pigs were obtained and treated with QUE. After 4 and 6 weeks of treatments, ocular biological measurements were conducted.

Emerging insights into ferroptosis in cholangiocarcinoma (Review).

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor that arises within the biliary system, which exhibits a progressively increasing incidence and a poor patient prognosis. A thorough understanding of the molecular pathogenesis that drives the progression of CCA is essential for the development of effective molecular target therapeutic approaches. Ferroptosis is driven by excessive iron accumulation and catalysis, lipid peroxidation and the failure of antioxidant defense systems.

Decidual natural killer cells dysfunction is caused by IDO downregulation in dMDSCs with Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a crucial role in maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance by expressing some immune-suppressive molecules, such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection can break the immune microenvironment of maternal-fetal interface, resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes.

De novo urinary incontinence and lower urinary tract symptoms after colpocleisis: A single-center prospective study.

Background: Colpocleisis is one of traditional surgical procedures for elderly and frail women with advanced pelvic organ prolapse. The occurrence of de novo urinary incontinence following colpocleisis was considered to impair the postoperative quality of life. The incidence of de novo urinary incontinence after colpocleisis has been reported to be ranging from 6.

Visualization of Microcirculation at Acupoints in vivo of Alzheimer's Disease Animal Model with Photoacoustic Microscope: A Pilot Study.

Background: Alzheimer's disease may be effectively treated with acupoint-based acupuncture, which is acknowledged globally. However, more research is needed to understand the alterations in acupoints that occur throughout the illness and acupuncture treatment.

Objective: This research investigated the differences in acupoint microcirculation between normal mice and AD animals .

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of decidual immune cell landscape in the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes induced by Toxoplasma gondii infection.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly in early pregnancy. Previous studies have illustrated the landscape of decidual immune cells. However, the landscape of decidual immune cells in the maternal-fetal microenvironment during T.

The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases: an overview.

Dysregulation of oxidative stress serves as a pivotal predisposing or exacerbating factor in the intricate development of numerous pathological processes and diseases. In recent years, substantial evidence has illuminated the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in many fundamental cellular functions, including proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, and gene expression. Notably, producing free radicals within ROS profoundly impacts a wide range of biomolecules, such as proteins and DNA, instigating cellular damage and impairing vital cellular functions.

Effects of the need fulfillment given by opposite-sex friends on breakup considerations: A moderated mediation model.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of need fulfillment given by opposite-sex friends (NFOF) on breakup considerations, the mediating role of love commitment in this relationship, and the moderating role of need fulfillment given by romantic partners (NFRP). A total of 334 unmarried individuals in romantic relationships from Northwest China were invited to participate in the study. The findings revealed the following: (1) NFOF significantly and positively predicted breakup considerations.

In silico prediction and experimental validation to reveal the protective mechanism of Puerarin against excessive extracellular matrix accumulation through inhibiting ferroptosis in diabetic nephropathy.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Puerarin (PUR) isolated from the root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi is considered as one of the main medicines to alleviate asthenic splenonephro-yang of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Whereas, the exact mechanism of Puerarin on diabetic nephropathy is still unclear.

A comprehensive evaluation of spontaneous pelvic organ prolapse in rhesus macaques as an ideal model for the study of human pelvic organ prolapse.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) seriously affects a woman's quality of life, and the treatment complications are severe. Although new surgical treatments are being developed, the host tissue responses and safety need to be evaluated in preclinical trials. However, there is a lack of suitable animal models, as most quadrupeds exhibit different structural and pathological changes.

Erratum: Author correction to 'Protective effects of VMY-2-95 on corticosterone-induced injuries in mice and cellular models' [Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 11 (2021) 1903-1913].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.

Cyr61 Mediates Angiotensin II-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis via the Upregulation of TXNIP.

Purpose: It is well documented that angiotensin II (Ang II) elevation promotes apoptosis of podocytes and , but the potential mechanism is still oscular. The current study is aimed at probing into the assignment of cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) in Ang II-induced podocyte apoptosis.

Methods: Podocytes were treated with Ang II (10 mol/L) for 48 hours to establish an injury model in vitro.

Erratum: Author correction to 'Protective effects of VMY-2-95 on corticosterone-induced injuries in mice and cellular models' [Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 11(2021) 1903-1913].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.

Baicalein Attenuates Brain Iron Accumulation through Protecting Aconitase 1 from Oxidative Stress in Rotenone-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Rats.

Aconitase 1 (ACO1) links oxidative stress and iron accumulation in Parkinson's disease (PD). ACO1 loses its aconitase activity and turns into iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) upon oxidative stress. IRP1 plays an important role in the accumulation of intracellular iron.

ITCH facilitates proteasomal degradation of TXNIP in hypoxia- induced lung cancer cells.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most common cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In many pathological conditions, particularly in the tumor microenvironment, cells and tissues frequently exist in a hypoxic state. Here, we evaluated Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) expression in LC cells following hypoxia treatment.

Dropped head syndrome: a rare adverse drug reaction identified in the FDA adverse event reporting system and review of case reports in the literature.

Background: Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is a relatively rare disease, and its potential relationship with drug exposure has been postulated but is poorly understood.

Research Design And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the adverse event reports of DHS in the FDA adverse event reporting system （FAERS) between 1 January 2004, to 31 March 2021. Empirical Bayes Geometric Means (EBGM) and the lower 95% one-sided CI of EBGM were calculated to identify disproportionate reporting of DHS associated with drugs.

Sincerity or hypocrisy: can green M&A achieve corporate environmental governance?

Although green mergers and acquisitions (M&A) emerged recently as corporate green management actions, whether they can prompt corporations to achieve green transformation is unclear, as little is known about how green M&A affects strategic decisions on corporate environmental behavior. Based on legitimacy theory, we analyze Chinese heavy-polluting firms listed in the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2009 to 2017 to explore the impact of green M&A on corporate environmental governance. Results show that green M&A has a positive impact on corporate environmental management.

A shared spatial model for multivariate extreme-valued binary data with non-random missingness.

Clinical studies and trials on periodontal disease (PD) generate a large volume of data collected at various tooth locations of a subject. However, they present a number of statistical complexities. When our focus is on understanding the extent of extreme PD progression, standard analysis under a generalized linear mixed model framework with a symmetric (logit) link may be inappropriate, as the binary split (extreme disease versus not) maybe highly skewed.

Protective effects of VMY-2-95 on corticosterone-induced injuries in mice and cellular models.

Nicotinic 42 receptor antagonists have drawn increasing attention in the development of new antidepressants. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of VMY-2-95, the new selective antagonist of 42 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) on corticosterone (CORT) injured mice and cellular models. Fluoxetine was applied as a positive control, and the effects of VMY-2-95 were investigated with three different doses or concentrations (1, 3, 10 mg/kg in mice, and 0.