Targeted activation of ErbB4 receptor ameliorates neuronal deficits and neuroinflammation in a food-borne polystyrene microplastic exposed mouse model.

The impact of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on the nervous system has been documented in the literature. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor 4 (ErbB4) is crucial in neuronal injury and regeneration processes. This study investigated the role of targeted activation of ErbB4 receptor through a small molecule agonist, 4-bromo-1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (C11H7BrO3, E4A), in mitigating PS-MPs-induced neuronal injury.

Whole-genome resequencing reveals the population structure and domestication processes of endemic endangered goose breeds (Anser cygnoides).

In recent years, the dwindling population of these endangered geese has hindered our understanding of their phenotypic variations and the genes associated with important traits. To investigate the population structure and genetic diversity of this breed, the whole-genome data of 90 individuals from a conservation farm were obtained using the Illumina 6000 paired-end platform. The research results indicate that each locally endangered goose variety has formed a monophyletic population.

Orthogonally conjugated phthalocyanine-porphyrin oligomer for NIR photothermal-photodynamic antibacterial treatment.

With the increase of antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an urgent demand to develop new fungicides and approaches to address the threat to human health posed by the ineffectiveness of traditional antibiotics. In this work, an orthogonal conjugated uniform oligomer bactericide of SiPc-ddCPP was constructed between silicon phthalocyanine and porphyrin, which can effectively treat infection through photodynamic-photothermal combined therapy without considering drug resistance. Compared with organic photothermal agents induced by unstable H-aggregation with blue-shifted absorption and fluorescence/ROS quenching, this orthogonal-structured uniform SiPc-ddCPP nanoparticle shows remarkably stability and NIR photothermal effect (η = 31.

Superiority of Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT to F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of different cancers with bone metastases.

Background: Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 is a new positron imaging agent, and its application in bone metastasis has been limited. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the diagnostic ability of Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT to detect bone metastases in patients with different types of cancer.

Methods: A total of 293 patients with pathologically confirmed primary malignancies were examined with Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and F-FDG PET/CT within one week.

Anisotropic Flow in Fixed-Target ^{208}Pb+^{20}Ne Collisions as a Probe of Quark-Gluon Plasma.

The System for Measuring Overlap with Gas (SMOG2) at the LHCb detector enables the study of fixed-target ion-ion collisions at relativistic energies (sqrt[s_{NN}]∼100  GeV in the center of mass). With input from ab initio calculations of the structure of ^{16}O and ^{20}Ne, we compute 3+1D hydrodynamic predictions for the anisotropic flow of Pb+Ne and Pb+O collisions to be tested with upcoming LHCb data. This will allow the detailed study of quark-gluon plasma formation as well as experimental tests of the predicted nuclear shapes.

Tuning the Spin-Orbit Torque Efficiency via Exchange Bias Direction Modification in Pt/IrMn/Py Trilayers.

Spin transport, as the core of spintronics, provides an alternative to electron charge transport used in conventional electronics. Recent studies have demonstrated that spin transport through antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulators would be affected by the relative orientation of the spin polarization () and the Néel vector (). However, there has been limited research on this transport regime in metallic AFMs.

Challenges in diagnosing and managing sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis: a case report.

Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis is an extremely rare malignant tumor with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis and a poor prognosis. This case reports a 61-year-old male patient with renal pelvic sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma who developed extensive lymph node metastasis 26 days after posterior laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal carcinoma, and the patient died on the 45th postoperative day, with the cause of death being advanced malignancy of the tumor. This case highlights the rapid progression of sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma, and sarcomatoid variants should be identified as early as possible, with active multidisciplinary adjuvant therapy and closer follow-up when feasible.

Traditional Mongolian Medicine Qiqirigan-8 alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via restoring gut microbiota and metabolism.

Background: Mongolian Medicine Qiqirigan-8 (MMQ-8) is a traditional Mongolian medicine formula used to treat fatty liver disease. However, the material basis and metabolic process of the therapeutic effect of MMQ-8 on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remain unclear.

Methods: The chemical composition of MMQ-8 was determined using Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole Exactive Mass spectrometry analysis (UHPLC-QE-MS).

Association of Morphological Changes in the Posterior Horn of the Meniscus of Knee With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A New Biological Evaluation Index.

Background: The shape and size of the meniscus are closely related to the stability of the knee joint and the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Studies have confirmed the correlation between meniscal morphology and isolated ACL injury.

Purpose: To investigate meniscal parameters, including morphological changes, in participants with isolated ACL injury.

Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Decoction reduces colorectal cancer liver metastasis by promoting N1 neutrophil chemotaxis.

Objective: To observe the inhibitory effect and potential mechanism of Yiqi Huayu Jiedu Decoction (YHJD) on liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We compared the changes of liver weight and liver index before and after YHJD treatment in CRC liver metastasis mouse models. HE staining was employed to observe the pathological changes in mouse liver tissue sections.

Reliability and validity of the Geriatric Self-Care Scale among Chinese older adults.

Background: Although the Geriatric Self-Care Scale (GSS) has been widely used in community investigations in China, its reliability and validity have yet to be analyzed.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the GSS in community-dwelling Chinese older adults.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 29428 older adults.

Expression of AMPK and PLIN2 in the regulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in bitches with open cervix pyometra.

The pathogenesis of canine pyometra is multifactorial, involving hormonal imbalances, aberrant immune responses, and metabolic dysregulation includes lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. This study focuses on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress, revealing the key regulatory role of AMPK and PLIN2 in canine pyometra. Bitches with open cervix pyometra (n:8) and healthy bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy (n:4) were enrolled to the study.

Advancing VB Production: Insights into Enhancing VB Titer in Casida A through ARTP Mutagenesis and Multiomics Analysis.

, a microorganism recognized for its capacity to synthesize vitamin B (VB), has garnered significant attention in recent years. Nonetheless, its practical application has been limited by low production yields. Atmospheric and room-temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis was utilized to improve VB production and examine the associated mechanisms.

Regulation of macrophage efferocytosis by the CLCF1/NF-κB pathway improves neurological and cognitive impairment following CO poisoning.

Severe carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning can induce structural and functional damage to the nervous system, resulting in persistent cognitive impairments. Properly terminating inflammation caused by neuronal damage is essential for tissue repair. Macrophages clear cell corpses and fragments through efferocytosis and produce cytokines to coordinate the immune response, thus promoting neuronal repair and regeneration.

Phenylpropanoids of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & maxim.) maxim. Alleviate oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo models by regulating Mst1 and affecting the Nrf2/Sirt3 pathway.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, and oxidative stress plays a significant role in its progression. Owing to its nourishing effects, Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & maxim.

Effect of gut symbiotic bacteria Akkermansia muciniphila on aging-related obesity.

Recent studies have shown that Akkermansia muciniphila may play a role in regulating lipid metabolism and immune response in diet-induced obese mice. However, in contrast to diet-induced obesity, aging-related obesity is characterized by a gradual increase in body fat proportion over time. This type of obesity is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including slow metabolism, unhealthy lifestyle choices, and chronic inflammation.

Isotope tracer study of soil erosion in a typical sub-watershed in the eastern Tianshan Mountains, China.

Soil erosion represents a critical ecological and environmental challenge on a global scale. In this study, the Baiyang River sub-watershed, located in the eastern Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang, China, was selected as a representative area for the quantitative analysis of soil erosion. The dual isotope tracer technique, utilizing Cs and Pb, was employed to investigate the distribution patterns of these isotopes within soil profiles and to assess soil erosion dynamics under varying land-use types.

Effects of esketamine infusion on tourniquet-induced hypertension in patients undergoing below-knee orthopedic surgery: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Application of a tourniquet reduces surgical bleeding while causing pain and tourniquet-induced hypertension (TIH). Deeper anesthesia and additional opioids are often insufficient to mitigate TIH but are associated with prolonged recovery and complications. Herein, we describe the protocol for a clinical trial investigating whether intraoperative esketamine infusion would reduce the rate of TIH during below-knee orthopedic surgery.

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Core-Fucosylated Asymmetrical N-Glycans with Different-Length Oligo-N-Acetyllactosamine Motifs and Their Sialylated Extensions.

An efficient chemoenzymatic approach for the diversity-oriented synthesis of core-fucosylated asymmetrical N-glycans bearing different lengths of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) and their sialylated extensions was described. Two oligosaccharide precursors were chemically synthesized by length-controlled introduction of oligo-LacNAc motifs through stereoselectively iterative glycosylation of a common hexasaccharide intermediate. Both oligosaccharide precursors can be well recognized by α1,6-fucosyltransferase FUT8 to generate core-fucosylated N-glycans, which was subjected to divergent enzymatic extension using a galactosyltransferase module and two sialyltransferase modules to provide a wide array of core-fucosylated asymmetrical biantennary N-glycans having different-length oligo-LacNAc motifs capped by various sialic acid-linkages.

Immune repertoire sequencing reveals differences in treatment response to camrelizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced ESCC.

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with platinum-based chemotherapy (taxanes [T] or fluorouracil agents [F] plus platinum [P] drugs) as the first-line treatment in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), using immune repertoire sequencing (IRS) to explore treatment response mechanism. In this multi-center, prospective cohort study, 88 patients received camrelizumab plus TP or FP, achieving a 1-year progression-free survival of 56.8% and overall survival of 68.

Influence of Protein on Myofibrillar Protein Gelation and Application in Chicken Mince Products.

is rich in essential proteins, and is recognized for its medicinal and nutritional attributes. This study investigated the effects of protein (PEP) incorporation (0-7%) on the gel characteristics of chicken myofibrillar protein (MP) to develop a chicken mince product, providing theoretical supports for the development of functional restructured meat products. PEP incorporation improved the rheological and textual properties of the composite gels, enhancing hydrophobic interaction and disulfide bond formation, and thereby strengthening the gel characteristics.

Study on the Grain Growth Behavior of Ultra-High Strength Stainless Steel.

In this work, we aimed to study the austenite grain growth behavior of an ultra-high-strength stainless steel within the temperature range of 900-1150 °C and holding time range of 0-120 min, using a metallographic microscope and metallographic image analysis software to perform a statistical analysis of grain size variation. The undissolved phases of the steel were investigated using a field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Within the temperature range of 900-950 °C, the grain growth rate of the steel was slow, while within the range of 1000-1150 °C, the grain growth rate was relatively fast.

Acid Sphingomyelinase Regulates AdipoRon-Induced Differentiation of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells via TFEB Activation.

AdipoRon is a selective adiponectin receptor agonist that inhibits vascular remodeling by promoting the differentiation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Our recent studies have demonstrated that activation of TFEB and its downstream autophagy-lysosomal signaling contribute to adipoRon-induced differentiation of SMCs. The present study was designed to examine whether acid sphingomyelinase (ASM; gene symbol ) is involved in mediating adipoRon-induced activation of TFEB-autophagy signaling and inhibition of proliferation/migration in arterial SMCs.

Molecular Biological Comparison of Pulp Stem Cells from Supernumerary Teeth, Permanent Teeth, and Deciduous Teeth for Endodontic Regeneration.

Supernumerary tooth-derived pulp stem cells (SNTSCs) hold promise for endodontic regeneration, yet little is known about the similarities and diversities of SNTSCs relative to other dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Herein, we compare the biological characteristics of SNTSCs with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Cell proliferation, migration, and odontogenic differentiation potential, as well as viability and aging-related phenotype after long-term storage, were evaluated.

Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Sn Single-Atom Doped CuO with Oxygen Vacancies for Efficient Epoxidation of α-Olefins.

Epoxidation of long-chain α-olefins (LAOs) is a process of paramount importance, particularly in the preparation of epoxides. Traditional epoxidation methods, such as the chlorohydrin method and peracid method, suffer from issues such as poor selectivity, by-product formation, and environmental pollution. Mukaiyama epoxidation, with its mild reaction conditions and exceptional selectivity, has attracted widespread attention and considerable research.