The effect of age on aqueous humor of humans with high myopia.

Background: High myopia is a common cause of vision loss. Age is an important factor in the development of high myopia. However, the effect of age on aqueous humor proteins in the context of high myopia is unknown.

Prevalence of dry eye in people over 50 years old in Beichen district, Tianjin city: a cross-sectional population-based survey.

Background: A cross-sectional population-based survey in the Beichen district of Tianjin was conducted to estimate the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) among the population over 50 years old with Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS) II and Chinese expert consensus (CEC) criteria.

Methods: A total of 5791 subjects over 50 years old were enrolled. Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, lipid layer thickness (LLT), partial blink ratio (PBR), fluorescein tear film breakup time (FBUT), Schirmer I test (SIT), fluorescein staining, meibomian gland dropout, meibomian gland expression scores (MES) and quantity scores (MQS) was assessed.

Clinical ocular surface characteristics and expression of MUC5AC in diabetics: a population-based study.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics and the expression of mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) in in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects with or without dry eye disease.

Methods: A total of 399 participants (796 eyes) aged 50-80 years were enrolled in this study. Participants were divided into 4 groups: non-diabetic without dry eye group (normal group), non-diabetic with dry eye group, diabetic without dry eye group and diabetic with dry eye group.

Breaking Down the Barriers of Drug Resistance and Corneal Permeability with Chitosan-Poly(ethylene glycol)-LK Peptide Conjugate to Combat Fungal Keratitis.

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a leading cause of preventable blindness and eye loss. The poor antifungal activity, increased drug resistance, limited corneal permeability, and unsatisfactory biosafety of conventional antifungal eye drops are among the majority of the challenges that need to be addressed for currently available antifungal drugs. Herein, this study proposes an effective strategy that employs chitosan-poly(ethylene glycol)-LK peptide conjugate (CPL) in the treatment of FK.

Analysis of Factors Associated with Anterior Location of Marx's Line.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the factors associated with anterior location of Marx's line in ocular surface and living habits, especially in tear film.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study enlisted 483 participants with meibomian gland dysfunction, who were divided into two groups: 160 participants with mild anterior location of Marx's line and 323 participants with moderate-to-severe anterior location. Participants completed a survey of demographic characteristics (sex, age, length of visual terminal use, sleep duration, skin property), and the Ocular Surface Disease Index and Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness questionnaires.

Suppressive Role of Pigment Epithelium-derived Factor in a Rat Model of Corneal Allograft Rejection.

Background: Immunological rejection is the most common reason for corneal transplantation failure. The importance of T cells in corneal allograft rejection is well demonstrated. Recent studies highlight that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) plays an immunoregulatory role in ocular diseases by enhancing the suppressive phenotype of regulatory T cells besides its other functions in neurotrophy and antiangiogenesis.

Water-Free Cyclosporine Ophthalmic Solution vs Vehicle for Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent eye disorder. Cyclosporine is an effective immunomodulator that is widely used in DED; however, due to its highly hydrophobic nature, delivery of cyclosporine to the ocular surface is challenging.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR8028, a water-free cyclosporine ophthalmic solution, 0.

Varenicline solution nasal spray for dry eye disease in Chinese patients: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Background: Dry eye disease has a high prevalence and exerts a significant negative effect on quality of life. In China, there are currently no available nasal sprays to promote natural tear production in patients with dry eye disease. We therefore evaluated the efficacy and safety of OC-01 (varenicline solution) nasal spray versus vehicle in Chinese patients with dry eye disease.

The effect of incomplete blinking rate on corneal epithelial remodeling after trans-PRK surgery: a six-month study.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of incomplete blink rate on corneal epithelial thickness after transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (Trans-PRK) surgery.

Methods: Trans-PRK patients were divided into two groups based on preoperative incomplete blinking rates, namely rates ≤0.5 (41 right eyes, group A) and rates >0.

Functional role of translocator protein and its ligands in ocular diseases (Review).

The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is an essential outer mitochondrial membrane protein that is responsible for mitochondrial transport, maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and normal physiological cell function. The role of TSPO in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases is a growing area of interest. More notably, TSPO exerts positive effects in regulating various pathophysiological processes, such as the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, steroid synthesis and modulation of microglial function, in combination with a variety of specific ligands such as 1‑(2‑chlorophenyl‑N‑methylpropyl)‑3‑isoquinolinecarboxamide, 4'‑chlorodiazepam and XBD173.

Effects of climate factors and Demodex infestation on meibomian gland dysfunction-associated dry eye diseases.

We examined the effects of climatic factors and Demodex infestations on meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)-associated dry eye disease (DED) in a cross-sectional study. This study included 123 patients from Tianjin and Chengdu regions, and climate factors and the Air Quality Index (AQI) were recorded for one year. Ocular surface parameters and Demodex infestations were evaluated using various tests.

Molecular mechanism of Wilms tumour 1-associated protein in diabetes-related dry eye disease by mediating m6A methylation modification of lncRNA NEAT1.

Dry eye disease (DED) is often secondary to diabetes mellitus (DM). This study is to explore the action of Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) in DM-DED via lncRNA NEAT1 m6A methylation. DM-DED mouse models were treated with sh-WTAP/sh-NEAT1, followed by assessment of corneal epithelial damage/histopathological changes.

Identification of key genes modules linking diabetic retinopathy and circadian rhythm.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Recent studies highlighted the crucial impact of circadian rhythms (CR) on normal retinopathy in response to the external light cues. However, the role of circadian rhythms in DR pathogenesis and potential investigational drugs remains unclear.

A PEDF peptide mimetic effectively relieves dry eye in a diabetic murine model by restoring corneal nerve, barrier, and lacrimal gland function.

Purpose: The study investigated effectiveness of a novel PEDF peptide mimetic to alleviate dry eye-like pathologies in a Type I diabetic mouse model established using streptozotocin.

Methods: Mice were treated topically for 3-6 weeks with Ppx (a 17-mer PEDF mimetic) 2x/day or vehicle. Corneal sensitivity, tear film, epithelial and endothelial injury were measured using Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer, phenol red cotton thread wetting, fluorescein sodium staining, and ZO1 expression, respectively.

Exploration of efficacy and mechanism of 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops (II) monotherapy in allergic conjunctivitis-associated dry eye.

Purpose: To explore the efficacy and relevant mechanism of 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) eye drops (II) monotherapy in patients with allergic conjunctivitis-associated dry eye (ACDE).

Methods: Prospective, randomized, controlled study.

A deep learning-based model for automatic segmentation and evaluation of corneal neovascularization using slit-lamp anterior segment images.

Background: Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) is a common sign in anterior segment eye diseases, the level of which can indicate condition changes. Current CoNV evaluation methods are time-consuming and some of them rely on equipment which is not widely available in hospitals. Thus, a fast and efficient evaluation method is now urgently required.

Clinical and in vivo confocal microscopy characteristics of Candida keratitis following keratoplasty.

Background: We present six patients who developed Candida keratitis postoperatively. The clinical features, diagnostic testing including in vivo confocal microscopy, and outcomes are presented.

Methods: Six patients who developed Candida keratitis following penetrating and endothelial keratoplasty, were referred to Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital between 2018 to 2021.

Safety and Efficacy of the Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for Treatment of Recurrent Corneal Erosions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) has been increasingly used to treat severe recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES) patients who do not respond to other treatments. However, the efficacy and complication of each study are currently uncertain due to varying rates.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of the PTK for recurrent corneal erosions.

3% diquafosol sodium eye drops in Chinese patients with dry eye: a phase IV study.

Introduction: The efficacy and safety of 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops in Chinese patients with dry eye in the real-world setting remains unclear.

Methods: 3099 patients with dry eye symptoms were screened according to Asia Dry Eye Society latest recommendation. Among them, 3000 patients were enrolled for a phase IV study.

Effect of preoperative pupil offset on corneal higher-order aberrations after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between multiple higher-order aberrations (HOAs) subgroups and pupil offset, as well as to analyze the factors affecting postoperative corneal HOAs in patients with different degrees of refractive errors.

Methods: We enrolled 160 patients (316 eyes) aged ≥ 18 years who had undergone femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) treatment. Based on the relationship between the preoperative pupil offset and the postoperative ΔHOAs, all patients were divided into two groups: group I (pupil offset ≤ 0.

Effect of PPARγ on oxidative stress in diabetes-related dry eye.

Oxidative stress is closely associated with diabetes and can cause free radical accumulation and eventually lead to ocular surface tissue damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) expression in the lacrimal gland (LG), meibomian gland, and cornea of diabetes-related dry eye mice and whether the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone can alleviate the oxidative stress of the ocular surface, thereby improving the condition of diabetes-related dry eye. Quantitative RT-PCR (Q-PCR) showed that the PPARγ, catalase, glutathione peroxidase 3, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA expression levels in the LG of diabetes-related dry eye mice decreased at 8 and 12 weeks.

A comparative study of pupil offset measurement using Pentacam and Keratron Scout in myopic young adults.

Clinical Relevance: Assessing the consistency of pupil offset measurements between the Pentacam and Keratron Scout is essential for the refractive surgery design of young myopic patients.

Background: Accurate preoperative measurement of pupil offset is critical to achieving a better quality of vision after refractive surgery. The Pentacam and Keratron Scout are commonly used in hospitals, and evaluating their consistency is essential for accurate measurement of pupil offset.